@conference {1858,
	title = {The quest for open source projects that use UML},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the ACM/IEEE 19th International Conference on Model Driven Engineering Languages and Systems - MODELS {\textquoteright}16},
	year = {2016},
	pages = {173 - 183},
	publisher = {ACM Press},
	organization = {ACM Press},
	address = {New York, New York, USA},
	abstract = {Context: While industrial use of UML was studied intensely,little is known about UML use in Free/Open Source Soft-ware (FOSS) projects. Goal: We aim at systematically mining GitHub projects to answer the question when mod-els, if used, are created and updated throughout the whole project{\textquoteright}s life-span. Method: We present a semi-automated approach to collect UML stored in images, .xmi, and .uml files and scanned ten percent of all GitHub projects (1.24million). Our focus was on number and role of contributors that created/updated models and the time span during which this happened. Results: We identified and studied 21 316 UML diagrams within 3 295 projects. Conclusion: Creating/updating of UML happens most often during a very short phase at the project start. For 12\% of the models duplicates were found, which are in average spread across 1.88 projects. Finally, we contribute a list of GitHub projects that include UML files.},
	isbn = {9781450343213},
	doi = {10.1145/2976767.2976778},
	url = {https://www.researchgate.net/publication/308869547_The_quest_for_open_source_projects_that_use_UML_mining_GitHub},
	author = {fernandez, miguel angel and Hebig, Regina and Quang, Truong Ho and Chaudron, Michel R. V.}
}
@inbook {1738,
	title = {A Qualitative Study on the Adoption of Open Source Software in Information Technology Outsourcing Organizations},
	booktitle = {Open Source Systems: Adoption and Impact},
	series = {IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology},
	volume = {451},
	year = {2015},
	pages = {103-113},
	publisher = {Springer International Publishing},
	organization = {Springer International Publishing},
	abstract = {The purpose of this paper is to identify the influence of Outsourcing on Open source software (OSS) and further investigate the factors that impact the adoption of OSS in global Information Technology (IT) outsourcing organizations serviced by Indian IT services providers. This exploratory research adopted positivism research philosophy and qualitative approach. An in-depth interview was conducted with ten participants across IT outsourcing organizations, IT service providers, and OSS service providers. The results show that IT outsourcing was not found to have an impact on OSS adoption. However, eight factors including management support and OSS support availability was identified to influence OSS adoption. IT services providers can utilize this research model to increase their understanding of why some IT outsourcing organizations choose to adopt OSS, while seemingly similar ones facing similar market conditions do not.
},
	keywords = {Diffusion of innovation, Indian IT, IT outsourcing, open source software, OSS adoption, TOE},
	isbn = {978-3-319-17836-3},
	doi = {10.1007/978-3-319-17837-0_10},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-17837-0_10},
	author = {Ramanathan, Lakshmanan and Iyer, Sundaresan Krishnan},
	editor = {Damiani, Ernesto and Frati, Fulvio and Dirk Riehle and Wasserman, Anthony I.}
}
@proceedings {1456,
	title = {A Qualitative Method for Mining Open Source Software Repositories},
	volume = {378},
	year = {2012},
	note = {The method proposed by this study employs content analysis Krippendorff [10], a classification technique that is frequently applied to interview and focus group data. The objective of content analysis is to ask quantitative questions about qualitative data. The approach is similar to the grounded theory method, but differs from grounded theory in that the results are quantitative rather than qualitative: content analysis produces results such as, {\textquotedblleft}49\% of messages submitted to project mailing lists were sent by core developers.{\textquotedblright}},
	month = {09/2012},
	pages = {256-261},
	publisher = {IFIP AICT,  Springer},
	abstract = {The volume of data archived in open source software project repositories makes automated, quantitative techniques attractive for extracting and analyzing information from these archives. However, many kinds of archival data include blocks of natural language text that are difficult to analyze automatically.

This paper introduces a qualitative analysis method that is transparent and repeatable, leads to objective findings when dealing with qualitative data, and is efficient enough to be applied to large archives.

The method was applied in a case study of developer and user forum discussions of an open source electronic medical record project. The study demonstrates that the qualitative repository mining method can be employed to derive useful results quickly yet accurately. These results would not be possible using a strictly automated approach.},
	keywords = {content analysis, Electronic Medical Record, Qualitative Research},
	author = {Noll, John and Seichter, Dominik and Beecham, Sarah}
}
@article {1384,
	title = {On qualitative methodologies and dispersed communities: Reflections on the process of investigating an open source community},
	journal = {Information and Software Technology},
	volume = {53},
	year = {2011},
	month = {9/2011},
	pages = {981 - 993},
	abstract = {Context

Qualitative methodologies hold much potential for building an understanding of the principles and practices of free and open source software (FOSS) communities. Yet there is a scarcity in the literature of discussions focused on the practical and methodological challenges of this particular research context.
Objective

This paper formulates and addresses a number of questions regarding the applicability of qualitative methodologies for the study of FOSS communities. It reflects on the challenges of such approaches as seen in previous research efforts and discusses how they manifest in research practice through a thorough description of a case study of a community called PyPy.
Method

The paper primarily discusses interpretive research approaches which are based on ethnographic data collection methods. The study under discussion was an exploratory case study utilizing multiple methods, including participant observation, virtual ethnography, and open-ended questionnaires. Grounded Theory was used for data analysis.
Results

Two broad sets of challenges are highlighted in relation to the multidimensionality of the FOSS phenomenon and the difficulty of qualitative analysis of activities in long-term context. Additional issues identified relate to potential problems with focus and the need for reflexivity, but also to the extent of the study and the importance of maintaining an active relationship with the core community group.
Conclusion

This paper provides an overview {\textendash} grounded in practical research experience and linked to insights from the literature {\textendash} of methodological issues in the specific research area of qualitative studies of FOSS communities, which up until now has been lacking.},
	keywords = {case study, Collaborative practice, Distributed software development, Free open source communities, Qualitative methodologies},
	issn = {09505849},
	doi = {10.1016/j.infsof.2011.01.012},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0950584911000413},
	author = {Sigfridsson, Anders and Sheehan, Anne}
}
@article {Capiluppi200989,
	title = {Quality Factors and Coding Standards - a Comparison Between Open Source Forges},
	journal = {Electronic Notes in Theoretical Computer Science},
	volume = {233},
	year = {2009},
	note = {Proceedings of the International Workshop on Software Quality and Maintainability (SQM 2008)},
	pages = {89 - 103},
	abstract = {Enforcing adherence to standards in software development in order to produce high quality software artefacts has long been recognised as best practice in traditional software engineering. In a distributed heterogeneous development environment such those found within the Open Source paradigm, coding standards are informally shared and adhered to by communities of loosely coupled developers. Following these standards could potentially lead to higher quality software. This paper reports on the empirical analysis of two major forges where OSS projects are hosted. The first one, the KDE forge, provides a set of guidelines and coding standards in the form of a coding style that developers may conform to when producing the code source artefacts. The second studied forge, SourceForge, imposes no formal coding standards on developers. A sample of projects from these two forges has been analysed to detect whether the SourceForge sample, where no coding standards are reinforced, has a lower quality than the sample from KDE. Results from this analysis form a complex picture; visually, all the selected metrics show a clear divide between the two forges, but from the statistical standpoint, clear distinctions cannot be drawn amongst these quality related measures in the two forge samples.},
	keywords = {artefacts, artifacts, coding standards, coding style, complexity, forge, forges, kde, metrics, quality, source code, sourceforge},
	issn = {1571-0661},
	doi = {DOI: 10.1016/j.entcs.2009.02.063},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B75H1-4VXDKRV-7/2/abcc2be2c4c3998e4bc9b53473ca2d81},
	author = {Capiluppi, Andrea and Boldyreff, Cornelia and Karl Beecher and Paul J. Adams}
}
@conference {586,
	title = {Quality of Open Source Software: The QualiPSo Trustworthiness Model},
	booktitle = {OSS2009: Open Source Ecosystems: Diverse Communities Interacting (IFIP 2.13)},
	series = {IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology },
	volume = {299/2009},
	year = {2009},
	month = {2009///},
	pages = {199 - 212},
	publisher = {Springer},
	organization = {Springer},
	chapter = {18},
	abstract = {Trustworthiness is one of the main issues upon which the decision whether to adopt an Open-Source Software (OSS) product is based. The work described here is part of an activity that has the goals of 1) defining an adequate notion of trustworthiness of software products and artifacts and 2) identifying a number of factors that influence it. Specifically, this paper reports about the identification of the {\textquotedblleft}dimensions{\textquotedblright} of trustworthiness, i.e., of the high-level qualities that software products and artefacts have to posses in order to be considered trustworthy. These dimensions are described by means of a conceptual model of trustworthiness, which comprises the representation of the factors that affect the user{\textquoteright}s perception of trustworthiness, as well as the objective characteristics of the products that contribute to {\textquotedblleft}build{\textquotedblright} trustworthi-ness. The aforementioned model is equipped with a measurement plan that de-scribes, at the operational level, how to perform the evaluation of the trustwor-thiness of OSS products. The proposed model provides the basis to build quantitative models of the trustworthiness of OSS products and artifacts that are able to explain the relationships between the (objectively observable) characteristics of OSS products and the level of trustworthiness perceived by the users of such products.
},
	issn = {978-3-642-02031-5},
	doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-02032-2_18},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/Quality\%20of\%20Open\%20Source\%20Software.pdf},
	author = {del Bianco, Vieri and Lavazza, Luigi and Morasca, Sandro and Taibi, Davide}
}
@conference {1811,
	title = {The QualOSS open source assessment model measuring the performance of open source communities},
	booktitle = {2009 3rd International Symposium on Empirical Software Engineering and Measurement (ESEM)2009 3rd International Symposium on Empirical Software Engineering and Measurement},
	year = {2009},
	pages = {498 - 501},
	publisher = {IEEE},
	organization = {IEEE},
	address = {Lake Buena Vista, FL, USA},
	abstract = {Open Source Software (OSS) has an increasing importance for the software industry. Similar to traditional (closed) software acquisition, OSS acquisition requires an assessment of whether its quality is sufficient for the intended purpose, and whether the chances of being maintained and supported in the future, as well as of keeping certain quality standards over time, are sufficiently high. In this paper, we present an approach toward a comprehensive measurement framework for OSS projects, developed in the EU project QualOSS. This approach takes into account product quality as well as process maturity and sustainability of the underlying OSS community.
},
	isbn = {978-1-4244-4842-5},
	doi = {10.1109/ESEM.2009.5314237},
	author = {Soto, Martin and Ciolkowski, Marcus}
}
@unpublished {flosswp363,
	title = {Quality Improvement in Volunteer Free and Open Source Software Projects},
	year = {2007},
	month = {March},
	abstract = {Free and open source software has had a major impact on the computer industry since the late 1990s and has changed the way software is perceived, developed and deployed in many areas. Free and open source software, or FOSS, is typically developed in a collaborative fashion and the majority of contributors are volunteers. Even though this collaborative form of development has produced a significant body of software, the development process is often described as unstructured and unorganized. This dissertation studies the FOSS phenomenon from a quality perspective and investigates where improvements to the development process are possible. In particular, the focus is on release management since this is concerned with the delivery of a high quality product to end-users. This research has identified considerable interest amongst the FOSS community in a novel release management strategy, time based releases. In contrast to traditional development which is feature-driven, time based releases use time rather than features as the criterion for the creation of a new release. Releases are made after a specific interval, and new features that have been completed and sufficiently tested since the last release are included in the new version. This dissertation explores why, and under which circumstances, the time based release strategy is a viable alternative to feature-driven development and discusses factors that influence a successful implementation of this release strategy. It is argued that this release strategy acts as a coordination mechanism in large volunteer projects that are geographically dispersed. The time based release strategy allows a more controlled development and release process in projects which have little control of their contributors and therefore contributes to the quality of the output.},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/michlmayr-phd.pdf},
	author = {Martin Michlmayr}
}
@conference {662,
	title = {Quality Specification, Testing and Certification of Bespoken, Open Source and Commercial Off-The-Shelf Systems},
	booktitle = {OSS2007: Open Source Development, Adoption and Innovation (IFIP 2.13)},
	series = {IFIP International Federation for Information Processing },
	volume = {234/2007},
	year = {2007},
	month = {2007///},
	pages = {365 - 366},
	publisher = {Springer},
	organization = {Springer},
	chapter = {46},
	abstract = {The seminar will cover the principles as well as the best practices of software system quality assurance (comprising inspection, verification, validation, black and white box test, measurement and assessment, and the normative quality characteristics) for procedural, object-oriented, aspectoriented and agent-based dependable software. Attendees will exercise proven techniques for goal-directed quality specification, testing, measurement, scaling and assessment for software certification. Assessment of both the software product as well as the software process will be discussed with respect to its relevance for such acceptance assessments. A standardized process model for measurement, assessment and certification of dependable software will be used to make the attendees familiar with this comprehensive assessment procedure and to learn how to embed it into today{\textquoteright}s standardized or non-standardized software processes.
},
	issn = {978-0-387-72485-0},
	doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-72486-7_46},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/Quality\%20Specification\%20Testing.pdf},
	author = {Hausen, Hans-Ludwig}
}
@conference {883,
	title = {The Quest for Quality Tags.},
	booktitle = {Conference on Supporting Group Work},
	year = {2007},
	author = {Shilad Sen and Harper, F. Maxwell and Adam LaPitz and John Riedl}
}
@conference {785,
	title = {Quality Improvement in Volunteer Free Software Projects: Exploring the Impact of Release Management},
	booktitle = {OSS2005: Open Source Systems },
	year = {2005},
	pages = {309-310},
	abstract = {Even though free software has achieved great popularity and success in recent years, there are a number of product quality challenges facing the open source development model. There is significant room for further quality improvement and one area that deserves special attention is release management. This research will identify problems with current release practices, verify possible advantages of an increasingly popular release model, and develop interventions to improve release management in free software projects. The research also aims to answer the fundamental question as to how volunteer projects can deliver predictable and high quality software.},
	keywords = {free software, open source, process improvement, quality assurance, release management, volunteer projects},
	url = {http://pascal.case.unibz.it/handle/2038/1429},
	author = {Martin Michlmayr}
}
@article {flosswp244,
	title = {Quality Practices and Problems in Free Software Projects},
	year = {2005},
	month = {July},
	abstract = {Free software and open source projects are often perceived to be of high quality. It has been suggested that the high level of quality found in some free software projects is related to the open development model which promotes peer review. While the quality of some free software projects is comparable to if not better than that of closed source software, not all free software projects are successful and of high quality. Even mature and successful projects face quality problems, some of which are related to the unique characteristics of free software and open source as a distributed development model based primarily on volunteers. In exploratory interviews performed with free software and open source developers, common quality practices as well as actual quality problems have been identified. The results of these interviews are presented in this paper to take stock of the current status of quality in free software projects and to act as a starting point for the implementation of quality process improvement strategies.},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/michlmayr_hunt_probert-quality_practices_problems.pdf},
	author = {Martin Michlmayr}
}
@conference {745,
	title = {Quantifying the Interest in Open Source Systems: Case South-East Finland},
	booktitle = {OSS2005: Open Source Systems },
	year = {2005},
	pages = {192-195},
	abstract = {Open source systems (OSS) has emerged as one of the most interesting phenomena in software engineering today. Unfortunately, only little hard data is available to quantify the interest in OSS in commercially operating software houses. As a part of a local initiative to increase the alignment between the software industry and software engineering research and education, a state of the practice survey was conducted in the local software houses. Due to the globally recognized interest in OSS some explorative questions on the topic were included in the survey. The results of the survey indicate widespread interest in OSS in the industry, and even though the study had a strictly regional focus, the results provide quantitative support for future research on OSS.},
	url = {http://pascal.case.unibz.it/handle/2038/1434},
	author = {Nikula, Uolevi and Jantunen, Sami}
}
@conference {738,
	title = {Quantitative Analysis of Open Source Projects on SourceForge},
	booktitle = {OSS2005: Open Source Systems },
	year = {2005},
	pages = {140-147},
	abstract = {Relatively easy accessibility of high volumes of information about open source software makes it an interesting target for quantitative analysis meant to discover some hidden properties and trends of this software development model. In this work we demonstrate how such information can be acquired from the largest open source hosting facility {\textemdash} SourceForge {\textemdash} with nearly minimal effort. We compare our data with an identical data set collected a few months earlier by the OssMole [2] project, of which we were not aware at the time of performing the experiment, but which allowed us to make some interesting cross-comparisons and derive conclusions about temporal changes going on at SourceForge.},
	url = {http://pascal.case.unibz.it/handle/2038/1430},
	author = {Weiss, Dawid}
}
@proceedings {1177,
	title = {Quality and the Reliance on Individuals in Free Software Projects},
	year = {2003},
	month = {2003},
	pages = {105-109},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/105-109.pdf},
	author = {Martin Michlmayr and Hill, B.M.}
}
@article {flosswp123,
	title = {Quality Impacts of Clandestine Common Coupling},
	year = {2003},
	month = {October},
	abstract = {The number of instances of common coupling between a module M and the other modules can be changed without any explicit change to M; this is termed "clandestine common coupling." This paper presents results from a study of clandestine common coupling in 391 versions of Linux. Specifically, the common coupling between each of 5332 kernel modules and the rest of the product as a whole was measured. In more than half of the new versions, a change in common coupling was observed, even though none of the modules themselves was changed.},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/clandestine.preprint.pdf},
	author = {Jin Schach}
}
