@conference {Sharma:2017:IDE:3084226.3084271,
	title = {Investigating Developers{\textquoteright} Email Discussions During Decision-making in Python Language Evolution},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on Evaluation and Assessment in Software Engineering},
	series = {EASE{\textquoteright}17},
	year = {2017},
	pages = {286{\textendash}291},
	publisher = {ACM},
	organization = {ACM},
	address = {New York, NY, USA},
	abstract = {Context: Open Source Software (OSS) developers use mailing lists as their main forum for discussing the evolution of a project. However, the use of mailing lists by developers for decision-making has not received much research attention. Objective: We have explored this issue by studying developers{\textquoteright} email discussions around Python Enhancement Proposals (PEPs). Method: Our dataset comprised 42,672 emails from six different mailing lists pertaining to PEP development. We performed multiple forms of analysis on these emails, involving both quantitative measures (e.g., frequency) and deeper analysis of specific PEP discussions (i.e., outlier analysis). Results: Out of three PEP types (Informational, Process and Standard Track), Standard Track PEPs attract a large amount of discussion (both in volume and average number of messages per proposal). Our study also identified specific PEP states and topics that generated a disproportionate amount of discussion. Conclusion: Our outcomes point to several opportunities for improving the management of an OSS team based on the knowledge generated from discussions. We have also identified several interesting avenues for future work such as identifying individuals or groups that present persuasive arguments during decision-making.},
	keywords = {Decision-making, Email discussions, Python development},
	isbn = {978-1-4503-4804-1},
	doi = {10.1145/3084226.3084271},
	url = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/3084226.3084271},
	author = {Sharma, Pankajeshwara and Savarimuthu, Bastin Tony Roy and Stanger, Nigel and Licorish, Sherlock A. and Rainer, Austen}
}
@conference {1925,
	title = {Investigating developers{\textquoteright} email discussions during decision-making in Python language evolution},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on Evaluation and Assessment in Software Engineering  - EASE{\textquoteright}17},
	year = {2017},
	pages = {286 - 291},
	publisher = {ACM Press},
	organization = {ACM Press},
	address = {Karlskrona, SwedenNew York, New York, USA},
	abstract = {Context: Open Source Software (OSS) developers use mailing lists as their main forum for discussing the evolution of a project. However, the use of mailing lists by developers for decision-making has not received much research attention. Objective: We have explored this issue by studying developers{\textquoteright} email discussions around Python Enhancement Proposals (PEPs). Method: Our dataset comprised 42,672 emails from six different mailing lists pertaining to PEP development. We performed multiple forms of analysis on these emails, involving both quantitative measures (e.g., frequency) and deeper analysis of specific PEP discussions (i.e., outlier analysis). Results: Out of three PEP types (Informational, Process and Standard Track), Standard Track PEPs attract a large amount of discussion (both in volume and average number of messages per proposal). Our study also identified specific PEP states and topics that generated a disproportionate amount of discussion. Conclusion: Our outcomes point to several opportunities for improving the management of an OSS team based on the knowledge generated from discussions. We have also identified several interesting avenues for future work such as identifying individuals or groups that present persuasive arguments during decision-making.},
	isbn = {9781450348041},
	doi = {10.1145/3084226.3084271},
	url = {https://www.researchgate.net/publication/317486549_Investigating_developers\%27_email_discussions_during_decision-making_in_Python_language_evolution},
	author = {Stanger, Nigel and Rainer, Austen and Licorish, Sherlock A. and Sharma, Pankajeshwara and Savarimuthu, Bastin Tony Roy}
}
@proceedings {1889,
	title = {Investigating Relationships Between FLOSS Foundations and FLOSS Projects},
	volume = {496},
	year = {2017},
	month = {05/2017},
	pages = {14-22},
	publisher = {Springer},
	abstract = {Foundations function as vital institutional support infrastructures for many of the most successful open source projects, but the role of these support entities remains an understudied phenomenon in FLOSS research. Drawing on Open Hub (formerly known as Ohloh) data, this paper empirically investigates the different ways these entities support projects and interact with different projects and with each other.},
	doi = {10.1007/978-3-319-57735-7_2},
	url = {https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-319-57735-7_2},
	author = {Juho Lindman and Hammouda, Imed}
}
@inbook {Hirao2016,
	title = {The Impact of a Low Level of Agreement Among Reviewers in a Code Review Process},
	booktitle = {Open Source Systems: Integrating Communities: 12th IFIP WG 2.13 International Conference, OSS 2016, Gothenburg, Sweden, May 30 - June 2, 2016, Proceedings},
	year = {2016},
	pages = {97{\textendash}110},
	publisher = {Springer International Publishing},
	organization = {Springer International Publishing},
	address = {Cham},
	abstract = {Software code review systems are commonly used in software development. In these systems, many patches are submitted to improve the quality. To verify the quality, voting is commonly used by contributors; however, there still exists a major problem, namely, that reviewers do not always simply reach a broad agreement. In our previous study, we found that consensus is not usually reached, implying that an individual reviewer{\textquoteright}s final decision usually differs from that of the majority of the other reviewers. In this study, we further investigate the reasons why such situations often occur, and provide suggestions for better handling of these problems. Our analysis of the Qt and OpenStack project datasets allow us to suggest that a patch owner should select more appropriate reviewers who often agree with others{\textquoteright} decisions.
},
	isbn = {978-3-319-39225-7},
	doi = {10.1007/978-3-319-39225-7_8},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-39225-7_8},
	author = {Hirao, Toshiki and Ihara, Akinori and Ueda, Yuki and Phannachitta, Passakorn and Matsumoto, Ken-ichi},
	editor = {Kevin Crowston and Hammouda, Imed and Lundell, Bj{\"o}rn and Gregorio Robles and Gamalielsson, Jonas and Juho Lindman}
}
@inbook {M{\"a}enp{\"a}{\"a}2016,
	title = {In-between Open and Closed - Drawing the Fine Line in Hybrid Communities},
	booktitle = {Open Source Systems: Integrating Communities: 12th IFIP WG 2.13 International Conference, OSS 2016, Gothenburg, Sweden, May 30 - June 2, 2016, Proceedings},
	year = {2016},
	pages = {134{\textendash}146},
	publisher = {Springer International Publishing},
	organization = {Springer International Publishing},
	chapter = {In-between Open and Closed - Drawing the Fine Line in Hybrid Communities},
	address = {Cham},
	abstract = {Today, the community driven development model extends into a variety of new, often web based collaborations. Among these are hybrid open source development set ups in which various online tools are used to facilitate cooperation between virtual teams of commercial and voluntary stakeholders. As yet, how these relationships form and evolve is not understood extensively. This article presents a longitudinal case study of a smartphone startup that founded its early product development strategy on reliance on feedback from its customers through a web based question and answer forum. With this, the company managed to extend values typical for open source communities to support development of its proprietary software. Our main findings include that the challenge in similar settings lies in striking the right balance between the open and the proprietary {\textendash} while overt openness may risk the competitive advantage of a company, leaving too much behind closed boundaries can create unnecessary friction in the relationship.
},
	isbn = {978-3-319-39225-7},
	doi = {10.1007/978-3-319-39225-7_11},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-39225-7_11},
	author = {M{\"a}enp{\"a}{\"a}, Hanna and Kilamo, Terhi and M{\"a}nnist{\"o}, Tomi},
	editor = {Kevin Crowston and Hammouda, Imed and Lundell, Bj{\"o}rn and Gregorio Robles and Gamalielsson, Jonas and Juho Lindman}
}
@inbook {Gamalielsson2016,
	title = {On Involvement in Open Standards: How Do Organisations Contribute to W3C Standards Through Editorship?},
	booktitle = {Open Source Systems: Integrating Communities: 12th IFIP WG 2.13 International Conference, OSS 2016, Gothenburg, Sweden, May 30 - June 2, 2016, Proceedings},
	year = {2016},
	pages = {57{\textendash}70},
	publisher = {Springer International Publishing},
	organization = {Springer International Publishing},
	chapter = {On Involvement in Open Standards: How Do Organisations Contribute to W3C Standards Through Editorship?},
	address = {Cham},
	abstract = {Over the years, a number of open standards have been developed and implemented in software for addressing a number of challenges, such as lock-in, interoperability and longevity of software systems and associated digital artefacts. Understanding organisational involvement and collaboration in standardisation is important for informing any future policy and organisational decisions concerning involvement in standardisation. The overarching goal of the study is to establish how organisations contribute to open standards development through editorship. Specifically, the focus is on open standards development in W3C. Through an analysis of editorship for all W3C recommendations we contribute novel findings concerning organisational involvement and collaboration, and highlight contributions from different types of organisations and countries for headquarter of each organisation. We make three principal contributions. First, we establish an overall characterisation of organisational involvement in W3C standardisation. Second, we report on organisational involvement in W3C standardisation over time. Third, we establish organisational collaboration in W3C standardisation through social network analysis.
},
	isbn = {978-3-319-39225-7},
	doi = {10.1007/978-3-319-39225-7_5},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-39225-7_5},
	author = {Gamalielsson, Jonas and Lundell, Bj{\"o}rn},
	editor = {Kevin Crowston and Hammouda, Imed and Lundell, Bj{\"o}rn and Gregorio Robles and Gamalielsson, Jonas and Juho Lindman}
}
@inbook {1733,
	title = {Implicit Coordination: A Case Study of the Rails OSS Project},
	booktitle = {Open Source Systems: Adoption and Impact},
	series = {IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology},
	volume = {451},
	year = {2015},
	pages = {35-44},
	publisher = {Springer International Publishing},
	organization = {Springer International Publishing},
	abstract = {Previous studies on coordination in OSS projects have studied explicit communication. Research has theorized on the existence of coordination without direct communication or implicit coordination in OSS projects, suggesting that it contributes to their success. However, due to the intangible nature of implicit coordination, no studies have confirmed these theories. We describe how implicit coordination can now be measured in modern collaborative development environments. Through a case study of a popular OSS GitHub-hosted project, we report on how and why features that support implicit coordination are used.
},
	isbn = {978-3-319-17836-3},
	doi = {10.1007/978-3-319-17837-0_4},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-17837-0_4},
	author = {Blincoe, Kelly and Damian, Daniela},
	editor = {Damiani, Ernesto and Frati, Fulvio and Dirk Riehle and Wasserman, Anthony I.}
}
@article {1796,
	title = {An in-depth study of the promises and perils of mining GitHub},
	journal = {Empirical Software Engineering},
	year = {2015},
	publisher = {Springer},
	abstract = {With over 10 million git repositories, GitHub is becoming one of the most important sources of software artifacts on the Internet. Researchers mine the information stored in GitHub{\textquoteright}s event logs to understand how its users employ the site to collaborate on software, but so far there have been no studies describing the quality and properties of the available GitHub data. We document the results of an empirical study aimed at understanding the characteristics of the repositories and users in GitHub; we see how users take advantage of GitHub{\textquoteright}s main features and how their activity is tracked on GitHub and related datasets to point out misalignment between the real and mined data. Our results indicate that while GitHub is a rich source of data on software development, mining GitHub for research purposes should take various potential perils into consideration. For example, we show that the majority of the projects are personal and inactive, and that almost 40\% of all pull requests do not appear as merged even though they were. Also, approximately half of GitHub{\textquoteright}s registered users do not have public activity, while the activity of GitHub users in repositories is not always easy to pinpoint. We use our identified perils to see if they can pose validity threats; we review selected papers from the MSR 2014 Mining Challenge and see if there are potential impacts to consider. We provide a set of recommendations for software engineering researchers on how to approach the data in GitHub.},
	keywords = {github},
	issn = {1573-7616},
	doi = {10.1007/s10664-015-9393-5},
	url = {http://www.gousios.gr/pub/promises-perils-github-extended.pdf},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/promises-perils-github-extended.pdf},
	author = {Kalliamvakou, Eirini and Gousios, Georgios and Blincoe, Kelly and Singer, Leif and Daniel M. German and Damian, Daniela}
}
@article {1747,
	title = {Inner Source--Adopting Open Source Development Practices within Organizations: A Tutorial},
	journal = {IEEE Software},
	year = {2015},
	month = {07/2015},
	pages = {1 - 1},
	publisher = {IEEE},
	abstract = {Inner source, the adoption and tailoring of Open Source development practices inside organizations, is a topic of increasing interest. While Inner Source offers a number of benefits, in our experience many practitioners are unclear as to what Inner Source is, and what steps to take towards adoption. In this article we present a tutorial in which we outline nine key factors, pertaining to product, process and organization, which we have found to be important in working with organizations who are interested in Inner Source. This paper illustrates these nine factors with three inner source initiatives that we have studied. },
	issn = {0740-7459},
	doi = {10.1109/MS.2014.77},
	author = {Stol, Klaas-Jan and Fitzgerald, Brian}
}
@article {1717,
	title = {An insight into license tools for open source software systems},
	journal = {Journal of Systems and Software},
	volume = {102},
	year = {2015},
	note = {"An additional tool can be found in FLOSSmole ( Howison et al., 2006), which is a central repository containing data and analyses about FLOSS projects collected and prepared in a decentralized manner. Content from FLOSSmole was intended to be used for the construction of an intelligent information system for FLOSS, namely FLOSSWALD (Hanft and Reichle, 2007). "},
	month = {04/2015},
	pages = {72 - 87},
	abstract = {Free/Libre/Open Source Software (FLOSS) has gained a lot of attention lately allowing organizations to incorporate third party source code into their implementations. When open source software libraries are used, software resources may be linked directly or indirectly with multiple open source licenses giving rise to potential license incompatibilities. Adequate support in license use is vital in order to avoid such violations and address how diverse licenses should be handled. In the current work we investigate software licensing giving a critical and comparative overview of existing assistive approaches and tools. These approaches are centered on three main categories: license information identification from source code and binaries, software metadata stored in code repositories, and license modeling and associated reasoning actions. We also give a formalization of the license compatibility problem and demonstrate the role of existing approaches in license use decisions.},
	keywords = {flossmole cited},
	issn = {01641212},
	doi = {10.1016/j.jss.2014.12.050},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0164121214002945},
	author = {Kapitsaki, Georgia M. and Tselikas, Nikolaos D. and Foukarakis, Ioannis E.}
}
@conference {1798,
	title = {Integrating Open Source Software Repositories on the Web through Linked Data},
	booktitle = {2015 IEEE International Conference on Information Reuse and Integration (IRI)2015 IEEE International Conference on Information Reuse and Integration},
	year = {2015},
	pages = {114 - 121},
	publisher = {IEEE},
	organization = {IEEE},
	address = {San Francisco, CA, USA},
	abstract = {In this paper, we propose a novel approach to the problem of integrating code forges based on metadata (e.g., programming language, database, intended audience, operating system), similar software projects and software developers. We review the current problems in integrating metadata of different code forges and argue that Semantic Web technologies are suitable for representing and integrating knowledge contained inside these code forges. Further, we show the advantages of interlinking metadata of software projects to other relevant data sources on the Web, which will enable querying more information from the Web. Moreover, we compute the overlapping between code forges based on similar software developers and argue the benefit of interlinking similar software developers and software projects across different code forges through examples.
},
	doi = {10.1109/IRI.2015.27},
	author = {Iqbal, Aftab and Decker, Stefan}
}
@proceedings {1769,
	title = {Investigating Code Review Practices in Defective Files: An Empirical Study of the Qt System},
	year = {2015},
	month = {05/2015},
	publisher = {IEEE},
	abstract = {Software code review is a well-established software
quality practice. Recently, Modern Code Review (MCR) has been
widely adopted in both open source and proprietary projects.
To evaluate the impact that characteristics of MCR practices
have on software quality, this paper comparatively studies MCR
practices in defective and clean source code files. We investigate
defective files along two perspectives: 1) files that will eventually
have defects (i.e., future-defective files) and 2) files that have
historically been defective (i.e., risky files). Through an empirical
study of 11,736 reviews of changes to 24,486 files from the Qt
open source project, we find that both future-defective files and
risky files tend to be reviewed less rigorously than their clean
counterparts. We also find that the concerns addressed during
the code reviews of both defective and clean files tend to enhance
evolvability, i.e., ease future maintenance (like documentation),
rather than focus on functional issues (like incorrect program
logic). Our findings suggest that although functionality concerns
are rarely addressed during code review, the rigor of the
reviewing process that is applied to a source code file throughout
a development cycle shares a link with its defect proneness.},
	keywords = {code review, software quality},
	url = {http://sail.cs.queensu.ca/publications/pubs/msr2015-thongtanunam.pdf},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/msr2015-thongtanunam.pdf},
	author = {Patanamon Thongtanunam and McIntosh, Shane and Hassan, Ahmed E. and Hajimu Iida}
}
@proceedings {1785,
	title = {An Investigation of Migrating from Proprietary RTOS to Embedded Linux},
	year = {2015},
	month = {08/2015},
	abstract = {Embedded systems and the open source operating system
Linux have been going hand in hand for a long time now.
Companies using Linux for their embedded products are
praising it for being time and cost efficient when it comes to
performance and maintainability. Another solution for embedded
systems is a Real-Time Operating System (RTOS).
The goal of this this paper is to investigate whether a traditional
proprietary RTOS can be substituted with embedded
Linux, and if this kind of migration can lead to reduced licensing
costs and increased general quality of the system.
We used a qualitative research method for this case-study.
The investigation was conducted with interviews as the main
source of information. The result of this study is an empirical
model we named {\textquoteright}Embedded Linux Adoption Model{\textquoteright}.
We concluded that in many cases a proprietary RTOS can
be substituted with embedded Linux without affecting the
critical needs of the system. The study also showed that
many embedded system developers are very receptive to
open source solutions and could think of contributing to the
community.},
	url = {http://www.opensym.org/os2015/proceedings-files/p101-muchow.pdf},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/p101-muchow.pdf},
	author = {Oscar Muchow and David Ustarbowski and Hammouda, Imed}
}
@conference {Ahmed:2014:IAC:2641580.2641585,
	title = {The Impact of Automatic Crash Reports on Bug Triaging and Development in Mozilla},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of The International Symposium on Open Collaboration},
	series = {OpenSym {\textquoteright}14},
	year = {2014},
	pages = {1:1{\textendash}1:8},
	publisher = {ACM},
	organization = {ACM},
	address = {New York, NY, USA},
	abstract = {Free/Open Source Software projects often rely on users submitting bug reports. However, reports submitted by novice users may lack information critical to developers, and the process may be intimidating and difficult. To gather more and better data, projects deploy automatic crash reporting tools, which capture stack traces and memory dumps when a crash occurs. These systems potentially generate large volumes of data, which may overwhelm developers, and their presence may discourage users from submitting traditional bug reports. In this paper, we examine Mozilla{\textquoteright}s automatic crash reporting system and how it affects their bug triaging process. We find that fewer than 0.00009\% of crash reports end up in a bug report, but as many as 2.33\% of bug reports have data from crash reports added. Feedback from developers shows that despite some problems, these systems are valuable. We conclude with a discussion of the pros and cons of automatic crash reporting systems.
},
	keywords = {Automatic Crash reporting, debugging, FOSS, Free/Open Source Software, Open Bug Reporting, testing},
	isbn = {978-1-4503-3016-9},
	doi = {10.1145/2641580.2641585},
	url = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/2641580.2641585},
	author = {Ahmed, Iftekhar and Mohan, Nitin and Jensen, Carlos}
}
@conference {2014:ICS:2641580.2641625,
	title = {Impact of Collaboration on Structural Software Quality},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of The International Symposium on Open Collaboration},
	series = {OpenSym {\textquoteright}14},
	year = {2014},
	pages = {37:1{\textendash}37:3},
	publisher = {ACM},
	organization = {ACM},
	address = {New York, NY, USA},
	abstract = {The structural quality of a codebase is a key determining factor in the software{\textquoteright}s total cost of ownership, yet it is notoriously difficult to measure or predict. In this doctoral research we leverage the power of open source repositories to understand the factors that influence structural quality (and by extension fault-proneness) in the context of the patterns of collaborative behaviour exhibited by contributors. The objective is to further our understanding of how such behaviour impacts structural quality with the end goal being to inform management decision making across the industry in the pursuit of better software engineering practices.
},
	isbn = {978-1-4503-3016-9},
	doi = {10.1145/2641580.2641625},
	url = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/2641580.2641625}
}
@inbook {1602,
	title = {Improving Mozilla{\textquoteright}s In-App Payment Platform},
	booktitle = {Open Source Software: Mobile Open Source Technologies},
	series = {IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology},
	volume = {427},
	year = {2014},
	pages = {103-106},
	publisher = {Springer Berlin Heidelberg},
	organization = {Springer Berlin Heidelberg},
	abstract = {

Nowadays, an in-app payment mechanism is offered in most existing mobile payment solutions. However, current solutions are not flexible and impose certain restrictions: users are limited to predefined payment options and merchants need to adapt their payment mechanisms to each payment provider they use. Ideally mobile payments should be as flexible as possible to be able to target various markets together with users{\textquoteright} spending habits. Mozilla wants to promote an open approach in mobile payments by offering a flexible, easily accessible solution. This solution is analyzed, its shortcomings and possible improvements are discussed leading to an original proposal.
},
	isbn = {978-3-642-55127-7},
	doi = {10.1007/978-3-642-55128-4_13},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-55128-4_13},
	author = {Janczukowicz, Ewa and Bouabdallah, Ahmed and Braud, Arnaud and Fromentoux, Ga{\"e}l and Bonnin, Jean-Marie},
	editor = {Corral, Luis and Sillitti, Alberto and Succi, Giancarlo and Vlasenko, Jelena and Wasserman, AnthonyI.}
}
@conference {1704,
	title = {Industry Questions about Open Source Software in Business: Research Directions and Potential Answers},
	booktitle = {2014 6th International Workshop on Empirical Software Engineering in Practice (IWESEP)2014 6th International Workshop on Empirical Software Engineering in Practice},
	year = {2014},
	pages = {55 - 59},
	publisher = {IEEE},
	organization = {IEEE},
	address = {Osaka, Japan},
	abstract = {As open source software (OSS) has become an integral part of today{\textquoteright}s software businesses, many software companies rely on OSS to develop their customer solutions and products. On the other hand, they face various concerns in using OSS, such as technical support, quality, security and licensing issues. This paper focuses on OSS-related FAQ in industry, and tries to answer them or to provide research directions based on lessons learned from recent mining OSS repository researches.
},
	doi = {10.1109/IWESEP.2014.12},
	author = {Ihara, Akinori and Monden, Akito and Matsumoto, Ken-ichi}
}
@conference {1693,
	title = {Initial Results from the Study of the Open Source Sector in Belgium},
	booktitle = {The International SymposiumProceedings of The International Symposium on Open Collaboration - OpenSym {\textquoteright}14},
	year = {2014},
	pages = {1 - 5},
	publisher = {ACM Press},
	organization = {ACM Press},
	address = {Berlin, GermanyNew York, New York, USA},
	abstract = {The economy of FLOSS (Free and open source software) has been the subject of numerous studies and publications, particularly on the issue of business models. However, there are fewer studies on the local networks of FLOSS providers. This research focuses on the ecosystem of Belgian FLOSS providers and, more specifically, their geographical distribution, the activities, technologies and software they support, their business models, their economic performance and the relationships between companies. The research is based on a directory containing nearly 150 companies. This directory led to the creation of a specialized search engine that helped to improve annotation. The research also uses financial data provided by the Belgian Central Balance Sheet Office. The initial results of this study show a concentration in major economic areas. The businesses are more active in the services and are heavily involved activities such as infrastructure software and Web development, activities which were common in the early years of free software development. Services for the support of business software is also common. A first analysis of the graph of relationships between providers{\textquoteright} websites highlights the role that is played by the multinational IT companies, by FLOSS editors, by commercial FLOSS associations and especially by the Walloon centers of competence that offer vast training catalogs that are dedicated to FLOSS. This research opens up many perspectives for improving the automation of the company directory updates, the analysis of the relationship between enterprises, and the automation of the financial analysis of companies.
},
	isbn = {9781450330169},
	doi = {10.1145/2641580.2641591},
	author = {Viseur, Robert}
}
@conference {Bloemen:2014:IDO:2597073.2597079,
	title = {Innovation Diffusion in Open Source Software: Preliminary Analysis of Dependency Changes in the Gentoo Portage Package Database},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the 11th Working Conference on Mining Software Repositories},
	series = {MSR 2014},
	year = {2014},
	pages = {316{\textendash}319},
	publisher = {ACM},
	organization = {ACM},
	address = {New York, NY, USA},
	abstract = {In this paper we make the case that software dependencies are a form of innovation adoption. We then test this on the time-evolution of the Gentoo package dependency graph. We find that the Bass model of innovation diffusion fits the growth of the number of packages depending on a given library. Interestingly, we also find that low-level packages have a primarily imitation driven adoption and multimedia libraries have primarily innovation driven growth.
},
	keywords = {dependencies, gentoo, graph, INNOVATION},
	isbn = {978-1-4503-2863-0},
	doi = {10.1145/2597073.2597079},
	url = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/2597073.2597079},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/bloeman.pdf},
	author = {Bloemen, Remco and Amrit, Chintan and Kuhlmann, Stefan and Ord{\'o}{\~n}ez{\textendash}Matamoros, Gonzalo}
}
@conference {Rahman:2014:IPR:2597073.2597121,
	title = {An Insight into the Pull Requests of GitHub},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the 11th Working Conference on Mining Software Repositories},
	series = {MSR 2014},
	year = {2014},
	pages = {364{\textendash}367},
	publisher = {ACM},
	organization = {ACM},
	address = {New York, NY, USA},
	abstract = {Given the increasing number of unsuccessful pull requests in GitHub projects, insights into the success and failure of these requests are essential for the developers. In this paper, we provide a comparative study between successful and unsuccessful pull requests made to 78 GitHub base projects by 20,142 developers from 103,192 forked projects. In the study, we analyze pull request discussion texts, project specific information (e.g., domain, maturity), and developer specific information (e.g., experience) in order to report useful insights, and use them to contrast between successful and unsuccessful pull requests. We believe our study will help developers overcome the issues with pull requests in GitHub, and project administrators with informed decision making.
},
	keywords = {Commit comments, mining challenge, msr challenge, pull request, topic model},
	isbn = {978-1-4503-2863-0},
	doi = {10.1145/2597073.2597121},
	url = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/2597073.2597121},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/rahman.pdf},
	author = {Rahman, Mohammad Masudur and Chanchal K. Roy}
}
@conference {1690,
	title = {"The Institutionalization of Digital Openness"},
	booktitle = {The International SymposiumProceedings of The International Symposium on Open Collaboration - OpenSym {\textquoteright}14},
	year = {2014},
	pages = {1 - 2},
	publisher = {ACM Press},
	organization = {ACM Press},
	address = {Berlin, GermanyNew York, New York, USA},
	abstract = {Around the world national and municipal governments launch open data initiatives with declared goals like increased efficiency, transparency or economic growth. However, although little of these effects have been proven, more and more administrations open up their datasets to the public. The dissertation project describes this phenomenon as the ongoing institutionalization of digital openness in the field of public sector information. With empirical evidence from three case studies in large European cities the research project intends to theorize how NGOs, hackers and certain civil servants turn open data into an institution, which more and more public bodies feel the need to adapt to.
},
	isbn = {9781450330169},
	doi = {10.1145/2641580.2641626},
	author = {Maximilian Heimst{\"a}dt}
}
@conference {Zhang:2014:ISM:2666539.2666572,
	title = {Investigating Social Media in GitHub{\textquoteright}s Pull-requests: A Case Study on Ruby on Rails},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the 1st International Workshop on Crowd-based Software Development Methods and Technologies},
	series = {CrowdSoft 2014},
	year = {2014},
	pages = {37{\textendash}41},
	publisher = {ACM},
	organization = {ACM},
	address = {New York, NY, USA},
	abstract = {In GitHub, pull-request mechanism is an outstanding social development method by integrating with many social media. Many studies have explored that social media has an important effect on software development. @-mention as a typical social media, is a useful tool in social platform. In this paper, we made a quantitative analysis of @-mention in pull-requests of the project Ruby on Rails. First, we make a convictive statistics of the popularity of pull-request mechanism in GitHub. Then we investigate the current situation of @-mention in the Ruby on Rails. Our empirical analysis results find some insights of @-mention.
},
	keywords = {@-mention, github, pull-request, social media},
	isbn = {978-1-4503-3224-8},
	doi = {10.1145/2666539.2666572},
	url = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/2666539.2666572},
	author = {Zhang, Yang and Yin, Gang and Yu, Yue and Wang, Huaimin}
}
@proceedings {1568,
	title = {It{\textquoteright}s Not Only about Writing Code: An Investigation of the Notion of Citizenship Behaviors in the Context of Free/Libre/Open Source Software Communities},
	year = {2014},
	month = {01/2014},
	pages = {3276-3285},
	publisher = {IEEE Computer Society},
	abstract = {Attracting a large number of new contributors has been seen as a way to ensure the survival, long-term success, and sustainability of Free/Libre/Open Source Software (FLOSS) communities. However, this appears to be a necessary, but not a sufficient condition, as the well-being of FLOSS communities also relies on members behaving as {\textquotedblleft}good citizens,{\textquotedblright} to nurture and protect the community. This paper investigates the notion of FLOSS community citizenship behaviors in light of the organizational citizenship behaviors literature. Relying on 11 semi-structured interviews with FLOSS project leaders and community managers, the papers identifies key instances of citizenship behaviors along two dimensions: CCB-I (community citizenship behaviors oriented towards the benefits of other individuals), and CCB-P (community citizenship behaviors oriented towards the benefits of the project and its community).},
	doi = {10.1109/HICSS.2014.406},
	author = {Carillo, Kevin Daniel Andre and Huff, Sid and Chawner, Brenda}
}
@book {1533,
	title = {Identifying Success Factors for the Mozilla Project},
	series = {IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology Open Source Software: Quality Verification},
	volume = {404},
	year = {2013},
	pages = {45 - 60},
	publisher = {Springer Berlin Heidelberg},
	organization = {Springer Berlin Heidelberg},
	address = {Berlin, Heidelberg},
	abstract = {

The publication of the Netscape source code under free software license and the launch of the Mozilla project constitute a pioneering initiative in the field of free and open source software. However, five years after the publication came years of decline. The market shares rose again after 2004 with the lighter Firefox browser. We propose a case study covering the period from 1998 to 2012. We identify the factors that explain the evolution of the Mozilla project. Our study deepens different success factors identified in the literature. It is based on authors{\textquoteright} experience as well as the abundant literature dedicated to the Netscape company and the Mozilla project. It particularly highlights the importance of the source code complexity, its modularity, the responsibility assignment and the existence of an organisational sponsorship.},
	isbn = {978-3-642-38928-3},
	issn = {1868-422X},
	doi = {10.1007/978-3-642-38928-3_4},
	author = {Viseur, Robert},
	editor = {Petrinja, Etiel and Succi, Giancarlo and Ioini, Nabil and Sillitti, Alberto}
}
@book {1529,
	title = {IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology Open Source Software: Quality Verification Technological Innovation and Resource Bricolage in Firms: The Role of Open Source Software},
	volume = {404},
	year = {2013},
	pages = {1 - 17},
	publisher = {Springer Berlin Heidelberg},
	organization = {Springer Berlin Heidelberg},
	address = {Berlin, Heidelberg},
	abstract = {Technological resources have been an important source of innovation in companies. They play a key role in the development of new products and services. However, the upfront investment in technical resources to enable the development of these new products and services can be quite high. Therefore, managers ask for well elaborated business cases before making investments. These business cases rely on market research to back up their assumptions rather than in-market testing. We argue that the advent of open source software (OSS) creates an opportunity space for companies to build low-cost prototypes and test their ideas in the market. Little is known about how OSS plays a role in allowing these firms to enhance product development. Using qualitative case studies, the paper sheds light on how OSS acts as a bricolage mechanism for technological innovation in the ICT services industry.},
	isbn = {978-3-642-38928-3},
	issn = {1868-422X},
	doi = {10.1007/978-3-642-38928-3_1},
	url = {http://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-642-38928-3_1},
	author = {Mahajan, Aarti and Clarysse, Bart},
	editor = {Petrinja, Etiel and Succi, Giancarlo and Ioini, Nabil and Sillitti, Alberto}
}
@book {1530,
	title = {IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology Open Source Software: Quality Verification Empirical Study of the Relation between Open Source Software Use and Productivity of Japan{\textquoteright}s Information Service Industries},
	volume = {404},
	year = {2013},
	pages = {18 - 29},
	publisher = {Springer Berlin Heidelberg},
	organization = {Springer Berlin Heidelberg},
	address = {Berlin, Heidelberg},
	abstract = {

This paper analyzes the relation between OSS (Open Source Software) use and the performance of Japanese information service industry. We first estimate the market value of OSS, an issue which only a few studies have specifically addressed. The results are then used to analyze the economic effect of OSS. Although our study has some methodological limitations regarding the calculation of the market value of OSS, we demonstrate that the economic effect of OSS is generally positive.},
	isbn = {978-3-642-38928-3},
	issn = {1868-422X},
	doi = {10.1007/978-3-642-38928-3_2},
	author = {Noda, Tetsuo and Tanihana, Keisuke},
	editor = {Petrinja, Etiel and Succi, Giancarlo and Ioini, Nabil and Sillitti, Alberto}
}
@proceedings {1501,
	title = {The Impact of Tangled Code Changes},
	year = {2013},
	month = {05/2013},
	abstract = {When interacting with version control systems, developers often commit unrelated or loosely related code changes
in a single transaction. When analyzing the version history, such
tangled changes will make all changes to all modules appear
related, possibly compromising the resulting analyses through
noise and bias. In an investigation of five open-source JAVA
projects, we found up to 15\% of all bug fixes to consist of multiple
tangled changes. Using a multi-predictor approach to untangle
changes, we show that on average at least 16.6\% of all source
files are incorrectly associated with bug reports. We recommend
better change organization to limit the impact of tangled changes.},
	keywords = {bias, data quality, history, java, mining software repositories, noise, tangled code changes, version control},
	url = {http://www.kim-herzig.de/wp-content/uploads/2013/03/msr2013-untangling.pdf},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/msr2013-untangling.pdf},
	author = {Kim Herzig and Zeller, Andreas}
}
@proceedings {1513,
	title = {Improving Bug Localization using Correlations in Crash Reports},
	year = {2013},
	month = {05/2013},
	abstract = {Nowadays, many software organizations rely on automatic problem reporting tools to collect crash reports directly from users{\textquoteright} environments. These crash reports are later grouped together into crash types. Usually, developers prioritize crash types based on the number of crash reports and file bugs for the top crash types. Because a bug can trigger a crash in different usage scenarios, different crash types are sometimes related to a same bug. Two bugs are correlated when the occurrence of one bug causes the other bug to occur. We refer to a group of crash types related to identical or correlated bugs, as a crash correlation group. In this paper, we propose three rules to identify correlated crash types automatically. We also propose an algorithm to locate and rank buggy files using crash correlation groups. Through an empirical study on Firefox and Eclipse, we show that the three rules can identify crash correlation groups with a precision of 100\% and a recall of 90\% for Firefox and a precision of 79\% and a recall of 65\% for Eclipse. On the top three buggy file candidates, the proposed bug localization algorithm achieves a recall of 62\% and a precision of 42\% for Firefox and a recall of 52\% and a precision of 50\% for Eclipse. On the top 10 buggy file candidates, the recall increases to 92\% for Firefox and 90\% for Eclipse. Developers can combine the proposed crash correlation rules with the new bug localization algorithm to identify and fix correlated crash types all together.},
	keywords = {eclipse, Firefox},
	author = {Shaohua Wang and Foutse Khomh and Ying Zou}
}
@proceedings {1506,
	title = {Intensive Metrics for the Study of the Evolution of Open Source Projects: Case Studies from Apache Software Foundation Projects},
	year = {2013},
	month = {05/2013},
	abstract = {Based on the empirical evidence that the ratio of email messages in public mailing lists to versioning system commits has remained relatively constant along the history of the Apache Software Foundation (ASF), this paper has as goal to study what can be inferred from such a metric for projects of the ASF. We have found that the metric seems to be an intensive metric as it is independent of the size of the project, its activity, or the number of developers, and remains relatively independent of the technology or functional area of the project. Our analysis provides evidence that the metric is related to the technical effervescence and popularity of project, and as such can be a good candidate to measure its healthy evolution. Other, similar metrics -like the ratio of developer messages to commits and the ratio of issue tracker messages to commits- are studied for several projects as well, in order to see if they have similar characteristics.},
	url = {http://oa.upm.es/14698/1/paper.pdf},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/paper_1.pdf},
	author = {Gala, Santiago and Gregorio Robles and Jesus M. Gonzalez-Barahona and Herraiz Tabernero, Israel}
}
@article {1553,
	title = {Interlinking Developer Identities within and across Open Source Projects: The Linked Data Approach},
	journal = {ISRN Software Engineering},
	volume = {201330692164},
	year = {2013},
	month = {2013},
	pages = {1 - 12},
	abstract = {Software developers use various software repositories in order to interact with each other or to solve related problems. These repositories provide a rich source of information for a wide range of tasks. However, one issue to overcome in order to make this information useful is the identification and interlinking of multiple identities of developers. In this paper, we propose a Linked Data-based methodology to interlink and integrate multiple identities of a developer found in different software repositories of a project as well as across repositories of multiple projects. Providing such interlinking will enable us to keep track of a developer{\textquoteright}s activity not only within a single project but also across multiple projects. The methodology will be presented in general and applied to 5 Apache projects as a case study. Further, we show that the few methods suggested so far are not always appropriate to overcome the developer identification problem.},
	keywords = {developer, identity, linked data},
	doi = {10.1155/2013/58473110.1007/s10664-009-9110-310.1109/TSE.2005.7010.1007/978-0-387-72486-7_4},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/584731.pdf},
	author = {Iqbal, Aftab and Hausenblas, Michael}
}
@proceedings {1514,
	title = {INVocD: Identifier Name Vocabulary Dataset },
	year = {2013},
	month = {05/2013},
	abstract = {INVocD is a database of the identifier name declarations and vocabulary found in 60 FLOSS Java projects where the source code structure is recorded and the identifier name vocabulary is made directly available, offering advantages for identifier name research over conventional source code models. The database has been used to support a range of research projects from identifier name analysis to concept location, and provides many opportunities to researchers. INVocD may be downloaded from http://oro.open.ac.uk/36992},
	author = {Simon Butler and Wermelinger, Michel and Yu, Yijun and Helen Sharp}
}
@book {1531,
	title = {Is It All Lost? A Study of Inactive Open Source Projects},
	series = {IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology Open Source Software: Quality Verification },
	volume = {404},
	year = {2013},
	pages = {61 - 79},
	publisher = {Springer Berlin Heidelberg},
	organization = {Springer Berlin Heidelberg},
	address = {Berlin, Heidelberg},
	abstract = {
Open Source Software (OSS) proponents suggest that when developers lose interest in their project, their last duty is to {\textquotedblleft}hand it off to a competent successor.{\textquotedblright} However, the mechanisms of such a hand-off are not clear, or widely known among OSS developers. As a result, many OSS projects, after a certain long period of evolution, stop evolving, in fact becoming {\textquotedblleft}inactive{\textquotedblright} or {\textquotedblleft}abandoned{\textquotedblright} projects. This paper presents an analysis of the population of projects contained within one of the largest OSS repositories available (SourceForge.net), in order to describe how projects abandoned by their developers can be identified, and to discuss the attributes and characteristics of these inactive projects. In particular, the paper attempts to differentiate projects that experienced maintainability issues from those that are inactive for other reasons, in order to be able to correlate common characteristics to the {\textquotedblleft}failure{\textquotedblright} of these projects.
},
	keywords = {sourceforge},
	isbn = {978-3-642-38928-3},
	issn = {1868-422X},
	doi = {10.1007/978-3-642-38928-3_5},
	url = {http://staff.lero.ie/stol/files/2013/03/2013-Is-It-All-Lost-A-Study-of-Inactive-Open-Source-Projects.pdf},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/2013-Is-It-All-Lost-A-Study-of-Inactive-Open-Source-Projects.pdf},
	author = {Khondu, Jymit and Capiluppi, Andrea and Stol, Klaas},
	editor = {Petrinja, Etiel and Succi, Giancarlo and Ioini, Nabil and Sillitti, Alberto}
}
@proceedings {1521,
	title = {It{\textquoteright}s Not a Bug, It{\textquoteright}s a Feature: How Misclassification Impacts Bug Prediction},
	year = {2013},
	month = {05/2013},
	pages = {392-401},
	abstract = {In a manual examination of more than 7,000 issue reports from the bug databases of five open-source projects, we found 33.8\% of all bug reports to be misclassified{\textemdash}that is, rather than referring to a code fix, they resulted in a new feature, an update to documentation, or an internal refactoring. This misclassification introduces bias in bug prediction models, confusing bugs and features: On average, 39\% of files marked as defective actually never had a bug. We discuss the impact of this misclassification on earlier studies and recommend manual data validation for future studies.},
	keywords = {bias, bug reports, data quality, mining software repositories, noise},
	author = {Kim Herzig and Sascha Just and Zeller, Andreas}
}
@proceedings {1457,
	title = {The Impact of Formal QA Practices on FLOSS Communities {\textendash} The Case of Mozilla},
	volume = {378},
	year = {2012},
	month = {09/2012},
	pages = {262-267},
	publisher = {IFIP AICT,  Springer},
	abstract = {The number of FLOSS projects that include a QA step in the development model is increasing which suggests that a new layer may be emerging in the classic {\textquotedblleft}onion model{\textquotedblright}. This change might affect the information flow within projects and implicitly their sustainability. Communities, the essential resource of FLOSS projects, have been extensively studied but questions concerning QA remain. This paper takes a step towards answering such questions by analyzing QA mailing lists and issue tracker data for the Mozilla group of projects. Because the Bugzilla data set contains over half a million bugs, data processing and analysis is a considerable challenge for this research. The provisional conclusions are that QA activity may not be increasing steadily over time but is dependent on other factors and that the QA team and other groups of contributors form a highly connected network that doesn{\textquoteright}t contain isolates.},
	keywords = {email, information flow, mailing lists, mozilla, quality assurance, social network analysis, test},
	author = {Barham, Adina}
}
@conference {1640,
	title = {Integrating developer-related information across open source repositories},
	booktitle = {2012 IEEE 13th International Conference on Information Reuse \& Integration (IRI)2012 IEEE 13th International Conference on Information Reuse \& Integration (IRI)},
	year = {2012},
	pages = {69 - 76},
	publisher = {IEEE},
	organization = {IEEE},
	address = {Las Vegas, NV, USA},
	abstract = {Software developers use various software repositories in order to interact with each other or to solve software related problems. They are required to adopt an identity for each of the software repositories they wanted to use. Quite often developers are also found on different code forges developing open source projects. It is worth mentioning that the information relevant to the developers are distributed on the Web among different data sources each requires an ID and an authentication mechanism. In this paper, we propose to interlink the identities of a developer across different data sources on the Web. Further, we show the benefit of integrating developer-related information from different data sources using some real-world scenarios.},
	isbn = {978-1-4673-2283-6},
	doi = {10.1109/IRI.2012.6302993},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/Iqbal_A_et_al_Aug_2012.pdf},
	author = {Iqbal, Aftab and Hausenblas, Michael}
}
@article {1589,
	title = {Integrating FLOSS repositories on the Web},
	year = {2012},
	note = {"To provide the researchers easy access to the project{\textquoteright}s data, two research projects were initiated (with slightly different objective)
by the FLOSS research community which are FLOSSmole and FLOSSMetrics , also known as {\textquotedblleft}repository of repositories (RoR){\textquotedblright}. These RoRs were created to consolidate metadata and analysis of projects from a variety of code forges into a centralized place for use by the researchers in academia and industry.

"In this paper, we take into consideration only project{\textquoteright}s metadata from the code forges which are
made available to download by the FLOSSmole community. Further, we only study Googlecode
and Sourceforge data for this paper, although our methods extend to other code forges as well.

Names are not available for the developers in the database dump of
Googlecode provided by FLOSSmole, so we consider matching only developer ID(s) in the case of
Googlecode."},
	month = {2012},
	abstract = {This paper provides a novel approach to the problem of integrating data from multiple code forges of FLOSS. We review the current problems in integrating the data from multiple forges and argue that Semantic Web technologies are suitable for representing knowledge contained in code forges. Further, we show the advantage of linking the metadata of projects to other data sources on the Web which will enable querying extra information from the Web. The paper briefly describes how the modeling is achieved and what benefits can be obtained by enabling linking to other relevant data sources already available on the Web.},
	keywords = {flossmole, google code, sourceforge},
	url = {https://www.researchgate.net/publication/259757473_Integrating_FLOSS_repositories_on_the_Web},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/DERI-TR-AFTAB-2012-12-10_0.pdf},
	author = {Iqbal, Aftab and Cyganiak, Richard and Hausenblas, Michael}
}
@book {1417,
	title = {Internet Success: A Study of Open Source Software Commons},
	year = {2012},
	note = {Supplementary material available: http://www.umass.edu/opensource/schweik/supplementary.html},
	publisher = {MIT Press},
	organization = {MIT Press},
	type = {Book},
	address = {Cambridge, MA, USA},
	keywords = {flossmole, srda},
	url = {http://tinyurl.com/d3e4545},
	author = {Schweik, C. M. and English, R.}
}
@proceedings {1270,
	title = {Impact of Stakeholder Type and Collaboration on Issue Resolution Time in OSS Projects},
	year = {2011},
	note = {"First, we characterize the difference in the average amount of resolved issues and issue resolution time between a volunteer assignee and a firm-paid assignee....Second, we investigate collaboration among stakeholders in OSS projects by using Social network metrics and analysis. Last, we explore the impact of the collaboration measures on issue resolution time."

"Three OSS projects were selected for our study, namely Qt, Qpid and Geronimo"

"All software issues were collected from JIRA repositories...Issue resolution time was computed by using the created time field and the issue resolved time field."},
	month = {10/2011},
	pages = {1-16},
	publisher = {Springer},
	abstract = {Initialized by a collective contribution of volunteer developers, Open source software (OSS) attracts an increasing involvement of commercial firms. Many OSS projects are composed of a mix group of firm-paid and volunteer developers, with different motivations, collaboration practices and working styles. As OSS development consists of collaborative works in nature, it is important to know whether these differences have an impact on collaboration between difference types of stakeholders, which lead to an influence in the project outcomes. In this paper, we empirically investigate the firm-paid participation in resolving OSS evolution issues, the stakeholder collaboration and its impact on OSS issue resolution time. The results suggest that though a firm-paid assigned developer resolves much more issues than a volunteer developer does, there is no difference in issue resolution time between them. Besides, the more important factor that influences the issue resolution time comes from the collaboration among stakeholders rather than from individual characteristics.},
	keywords = {COLLABORATION, companies, coordination, defects, feature requests, geronimo, jira, qpid, qt, social network analysis, volunteer},
	author = {Duc, Ach Nguyen and Cruzes, Daniela S. and Ayala, Claudia and Conradi, Reidar}
}
@proceedings {1279,
	title = {The Importance of Architectural Knowledge in Integrating Open Source Software},
	year = {2011},
	month = {10/2011},
	pages = {142-158},
	publisher = {Springer},
	abstract = {Open Source Software (OSS) is increasingly used in Component-Based Software Development (CBSD) of large software systems. An important issue in CBSD is selection of suitable components. Various OSS selection methods have been proposed, but most of them do not consider the software architecture aspects of OSS products. The Software Architecture (SA) research community refers to a product{\textquoteright}s architectural information, such as design decisions and underlying rationale, and used architecture patterns, as Architecture Knowledge (AK). In order to investigate the importance of AK of OSS components in integration, we conducted an exploratory empirical study. Based on in-depth interviews with 12 IT professionals, this paper presents insights into the following questions: 1) what AK of OSS is needed? 2) Why is AK of OSS needed? 3) Is AK of OSS generally available? And 4) what is the relative importance of AK? Based on these new insights, we provide a research agenda to further the research field of software architecture in OSS.},
	keywords = {architectural knowledge, component-based development, Open Source Software integration, OSS Integrator, software architecture, Survey},
	author = {Stol, Klaas-Jan and Ali Babar, Muhammad and Avgeriou, Paris}
}
@conference {Sethanandha:2011:IOS:1985793.1986018,
	title = {Improving open source software patch contribution process: methods and tools},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the 33rd International Conference on Software Engineering},
	series = {ICSE {\textquoteright}11},
	year = {2011},
	pages = {1134{\textendash}1135},
	publisher = {ACM},
	organization = {ACM},
	address = {New York, NY, USA},
	abstract = {The patch contribution process (PCP) is very important to the sustainability of OSS projects. Nevertheless, there are several issues on patch contribution in mature OSS projects, which include time consuming process, lost and ignored patches, slow review process. These issues are recognized by researchers and OSS projects, but have not been addressed. In this dissertation, I apply Kanban method to guide process improvement and tools development to reduce PCP cycle time.},
	keywords = {coordination, free software, kanban, lean methods, open source software, patches, productivity},
	isbn = {978-1-4503-0445-0},
	doi = {10.1145/1985793.1986018},
	url = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1985793.1986018},
	author = {Bhuricha Deen Sethanandha}
}
@conference {965,
	title = {Identifying licensing of jar archives using a code-search approach},
	booktitle = {2010 7th IEEE Working Conference on Mining Software Repositories (MSR 2010)2010 7th IEEE Working Conference on Mining Software Repositories (MSR 2010)},
	year = {2010},
	pages = {151 - 160},
	publisher = {IEEE},
	organization = {IEEE},
	address = {Cape Town, South Africa},
	abstract = {Free and open source software strongly promotes the reuse of source code. Some open source Java components/libraries are distributed as jar archives only containing the bytecode and some additional information. For whoever wanting to integrate this jar in her own project, it is important to determine the license(s) of the code from which the jar archive was produced, as this affects the way that such component can be used. This paper proposes an automatic approach to determine the license of jar archives, combining the use of a code-search engine with the automatic classification of licenses contained in textual flies enclosed in the jar. Results of an empirical study performed on 37 jars - from 17 different systems - indicate that this approach is able to successfully infer the jar licenses in over 95\% of the cases, but that in many cases the license in textual flies may differ from the one of the classes contained in the jar.},
	keywords = {apache, bytecode, classification, eclipse, google code, jar, java, licenses, source code},
	isbn = {978-1-4244-6802-7},
	doi = {10.1109/MSR.2010.5463282},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/151msr2010.pdf},
	author = {Di Penta, Massimiliano and Daniel M. German and Antoniol, Giuliano}
}
@proceedings {1380,
	title = {The Impact of Person-Organization Fit on Turnover in Open Source Software Projects},
	number = {13},
	year = {2010},
	abstract = {Participant turnover in open source software development is a critical problem. Using Schneider{\textquoteright}s (1987) Attraction Selection and Attrition Framework and the notion of Person- Organization fit, we hypothesize about the relationship between a participant{\textquoteright}s fit with an open source project and turnover. Specifically we predict that value fit, needs-supplies fit and demandsabilities fit between a participant and a particular project will have a negative association with participant turnover and that the role of the participant in the project acts a moderator. An empirical study is designed to examine the hypotheses using a combination of survey and archival data. Since for-profit companies are increasingly leveraging open source software development, implications of our findings will be useful for project managers seeking to retain talented contributors in the absence of financial compensation.},
	url = {http://aisel.aisnet.org/icis2010_submissions/13},
	author = {Sharma, P.N. and Daniel, Sherae L. and Chung, Ting-Ting (Rachel)}
}
@article {1240,
	title = {Impact of Programming Language Fragmentation on Developer Productivity},
	journal = {International Journal of Open Source Software and Processes},
	volume = {2},
	year = {2010},
	month = {32/2010},
	pages = {41 - 61},
	abstract = {Programmers often develop software in multiple languages. In an effort to study the effects of programming language fragmentation on productivity{\textemdash}and ultimately on a developer{\textquoteright}s problem-solving abilities{\textemdash}the authors present a metric, language entropy, for characterizing the distribution of a developer{\textquoteright}s programming efforts across multiple programming languages. This paper presents an observational study examining the project contributions of a random sample of 500 SourceForge developers. Using a random coefficients model, the authors find a statistically (alpha level of 0.001) and practically significant correlation between language entropy and the size of monthly project contributions. Results indicate that programming language fragmentation is negatively related to the total amount of code contributed by developers within SourceForge, an open source software (OSS) community.},
	keywords = {commits, entropy, language entropy, programming languages, sourceforge, srda},
	issn = {1942-3934},
	doi = {10.4018/jossp.2010040104},
	author = {Krein, Jonathan L. and MacLean, Alexander C. and Knutson, Charles D. and Delorey, Daniel P. and Eggett, Dennis L.}
}
@conference {1257,
	title = {The Importance of Social Network Structure in the Open Source Software Developer Community},
	booktitle = {2010 43rd Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences},
	year = {2010},
	note = {"Using data from the SourceForge Research Data Archive [2, 9] and the new dataset of concurrent versions system (CVS) metadata described in [8]..." (M. Van Antwerp. Studying open source versioning metadata. Master{\textquoteright}s thesis, University of NotreDame, Notre Dame, IN, January 2009)
"To measure long-term popularity, we used the SourceForge activity percentile."},
	pages = {1 - 10},
	publisher = {IEEE},
	organization = {IEEE},
	address = {Honolulu, Hawaii, USA},
	abstract = {This paper outlines the motivations and methods for analyzing the developer network of open source software (OSS) projects. Previous work done by Hinds [5] suggested social network structure was instrumental towards the success of an OSS project, as measured by activity and output. The follow-up paper by Hinds [4] discovered that his hypotheses, based on social network theory and previous research on the importance of subgroup connectedness, were vastly different than the results of his study of over 100 successful OSS projects. He concluded that the social network structure had no significant effect on project success. We outline how his approach disregarded potentially important factors and through a new study evaluate the role of the OSS developer network as it pertains to long-term project popularity. We also present an initial investigation into the adequacy of using the SourceForge activity percentile as a long-term success metric. In contrast with Hinds, we show that previously existing developer-developer ties are an indicator of past and future project popularity.},
	keywords = {developers, popularity, project success, social network analysis, sourceforge, srda},
	isbn = {978-1-4244-5509-6},
	doi = {10.1109/HICSS.2010.385},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/07-06-07.pdf},
	author = {Matthew Van Antwerp and Madey, Greg}
}
@article {1744,
	title = {Investigating the Acquisition of Software Systems that Rely on Open Architecture and Open Source Software},
	year = {2010},
	abstract = {In 2007-08, we began an investigation of problems, issues, and opportunities that arise during the acquisition of software systems that rely on open architectures and open source software. The current effort funded for 2009 seeks to continue and build on the results in this area, while refining its focus to center on the essential constraints and tradeoffs we have identified for software-intensive systems with open architecture (OA) and continuously evolving open source software (OSS) elements. The U.S. Air Force, Army, and Navy have all committed to an open technology development strategy that encourages the acquisition of software systems whose requirements include the development or composition of an OA for such systems, and the use of OSS systems, components, or development processes when appropriate. Our goal is to further develop and document foundations for emerging policy and guidance for acquiring software systems that require OA and that incorporate OSS elements. This report documents and describes the findings and results that we have produced as a result of our research into the area of the acquisition of software systems that rely on OA and OSS. In particular, it includes four research papers that have been refereed, reviewed, presented, and published in national and international research conferences, symposia, and workshops.},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/a530243.pdf},
	author = {Walt Scacchi and Alspaugh, Thomas and Hazeline U. Asuncion}
}
@unpublished {1242,
	title = {Investigating the Geography of Open Source Software through Github},
	year = {2010},
	note = {"We collected our data through Github{\textquoteright}s public API, which offers the same data as available on the Github{\textquoteright}s website but presents it in a structured format for simpler processing. The data were collected from May to July of 2010"

"The data collection followed a recursive procedure. We started with a single account, belonging to one of Github{\textquoteright}s founders. We then identified accounts connected to this user, then looked for accounts connected to the newly found ones, repeating this procedure until we achieved closure. New accounts were identified through the four kinds of connections mentioned in the previous section: (1) those that follow accounts collected earlier, (2) those followed by the accounts collected earlier, (3) those whose repositories were being {\textquotedblleft}watched{\textquotedblright} by accounts collected earlier, (4) those who had made code contributions to the repositories watched by accounts collected earlier."},
	abstract = {The paper presents an empirical study of the geography of open source software development that looks at Github, a popular project hosting website. We show that developers are highly clustered and concentrated primarily in North America and Western and Northern Europe, though a substantial minority is present in other regions. Code contributions and attention show a strong local bias. Users in North America account for a larger share of received contributions than of contributions made. They also receive a disproportionate amount of attention.},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/Takhteyev-Hilts-2010.pdf},
	author = {Yuri Takhteyev and Andrew Hilts}
}
@article {Beecher2009739,
	title = {Identifying exogenous drivers and evolutionary stages in FLOSS projects},
	journal = {Journal of Systems and Software},
	volume = {82},
	number = {5},
	year = {2009},
	pages = {739 - 750},
	abstract = {The success of a Free/Libre/Open Source Software (FLOSS) project has been evaluated in the past through the number of commits made to its configuration management system, number of developers and number of users. Most studies, based on a popular FLOSS repository (SourceForge), have concluded that the vast majority of projects are failures. This study{\textquoteright}s empirical results confirm and expand conclusions from an earlier and more limited work. Not only do projects from different repositories display different process and product characteristics, but a more general pattern can be observed. Projects may be considered as early inceptors in highly visible repositories, or as established projects within desktop-wide projects, or finally as structured parts of FLOSS distributions. These three possibilities are formalized into a framework of transitions between repositories. The framework developed here provides a wider context in which results from FLOSS repository mining can be more effectively presented. Researchers can draw different conclusions based on the overall characteristics studied about an Open Source software project{\textquoteright}s potential for success, depending on the repository that they mine. These results also provide guidance to OSS developers when choosing where to host their project and how to distribute it to maximize its evolutionary success.},
	keywords = {developers, forge, forges, repositories, repository, scm, software repositories, sourceforge, success, users},
	issn = {0164-1212},
	doi = {DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2008.10.026},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6V0N-4TVTJFS-1/2/e32ecee1bcb54bd4a5dff6d5e3daca8d},
	author = {Karl Beecher and Capiluppi, Andrea and Boldyreff, Cornelia}
}
@article {1352,
	title = {Identifying How Determinants Impact Security-Based Open Source Software Project Success Using Rule Induction},
	journal = {International Journal of Electronic Marketing and Retailing},
	volume = {2},
	number = {4},
	year = {2009},
	month = {2009},
	pages = {352-362},
	author = {Wray, Barry and Mathieu, Richard and Teets, J.}
}
@conference {580,
	title = {The Importance of External Support in the Adoption of Open Source Server Software},
	booktitle = {OSS2009: Open Source Ecosystems: Diverse Communities Interacting (IFIP 2.13)},
	series = {IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology },
	volume = {299/2009},
	year = {2009},
	month = {2009///},
	pages = {116 - 128},
	publisher = {Springer},
	organization = {Springer},
	chapter = {12},
	abstract = {IT managers seem to be hesitant to adopt OSS in the absence of professional support. Previous qualitative studies have indeed suggested that the availability of external support is important for the adoption of OSS. Therefore, we feel it is interesting to gain more insight into the role of external support in the adoption process. To this end, we performed a web survey involving 95 Belgian organizations. Our data suggests a balanced picture. As expected, our results show that the majority of organizations in our sample rely on commercial support such as vendor or third party support. Even organizations that have deployed OSS to a large extent{\textemdash}and that are therefore likely to have some experience and familiarity with OSS{\textemdash}rely on commercial support. Nevertheless, a considerable proportion of organizations indicated not to rely on commercial support, which suggests that internal expertise can be sufficient for successful adoption. Finally, and most surprisingly, we have found that the OSS community is used by a large proportion of organizations. This indicates that the OSS community is a valuable source of external support for organizations. Nevertheless, it appears that it is primarily used by organizations with a rather strong background in IT.
},
	issn = {978-3-642-02031-5},
	doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-02032-2_12},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/Importance\%20of\%20Extertnal\%20Support.pdf},
	author = {Ven, Kris and Verelst, Jan}
}
@article {1340,
	title = {Innovation, Imitation and Open Source},
	journal = {International Journal of Open Source Software and Processes},
	volume = {1},
	year = {2009},
	pages = {28 - 42},
	abstract = {An extensive empirical literature indicates that, even without formal intellectual property rights, innovators enjoy a variety of first-mover advantages and that {\textquoteleft}imitation{\textquoteright} is itself a costly activity. There is also accumulating evidence that an {\textquoteleft}open{\textquoteright} approach to knowledge production can deliver substantial efficiency advantages. This article introduces a formal framework incorporating all of these factors. We examine the relative performance of an {\textquoteleft}open{\textquoteright} versus a {\textquoteleft}closed{\textquoteright} (proprietary) regime, and explicitly characterize the circumstances in which an open approach, despite its effect on facilitating imitation, results in a higher level of innovation.},
	issn = {1942-3934},
	doi = {10.4018/jossp.2009040103},
	author = {Pollock, Rufus}
}
@conference {590,
	title = {Integrating HCI Specialists into Open Source Software Development Projects},
	booktitle = {OSS2009: Open Source Ecosystems: Diverse Communities Interacting (IFIP 2.13)},
	series = {IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology },
	volume = {299/2009},
	year = {2009},
	month = {2009///},
	pages = {251 - 263},
	publisher = {Springer},
	organization = {Springer},
	chapter = {22},
	abstract = {Typical open source software (OSS) development projects are organized around technically talented developers, whose communication is based on technical aspects and source code. Decision-making power is gained through proven competence and activity in the project, and non-technical end-user opinions are too many times neglected. In addition, also human-computer interaction (HCI) specialists have encountered difficulties in trying to participate in OSS projects, because there seems to be no clear authority and responsibility for them. In this paper, based on HCI and OSS literature, we introduce an extended OSS development project organization model that adds a new level of communication and roles for attending human aspects of software. The proposed model makes the existence of HCI specialists visible in the projects, and promotes interaction between developers and the HCI specialists in the course of a project.
},
	issn = {978-3-642-02031-5},
	doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-02032-2_22},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/Intergrating\%20HCI\%20Specialists.pdf},
	author = {Hedberg, Henrik and Iivari, Netta}
}
@article {1231,
	title = {Integrating Projects from Multiple Open Source Code Forges},
	journal = {International Journal of Open Source Software and Processes},
	volume = {1},
	year = {2009},
	month = {31/2009},
	pages = {46 - 57},
	abstract = {Much of the data about free, libre, and open source (FLOSS) software development comes from studies of code forges or code repositories used for managing projects. This paper presents a method for integrating data about open source projects by way of matching projects (entities) across multiple code forges. After a review of the relevant literature, a few of the methods are chosen and applied to the FLOSS domain, including a comparison of some simple scoring systems for pairwise project matches. Finally, the paper describes limitations of this approach and recommendations for future work.},
	keywords = {data integration, forges},
	issn = {1942-3934},
	doi = {10.4018/jossp.2009010103},
	author = {Squire, Megan}
}
@proceedings {845,
	title = {Intellectual Property Rights Requirements for Heterogeneously Licensed Systems},
	year = {2009},
	month = {09/2009},
	address = {Atlanta, GA},
	author = {Alspaugh, Thomas and Hazeline U. Asuncion and Walt Scacchi}
}
@article {breach2m,
	title = {I{\textquoteright}m not chatting, i{\textquoteright}m innovating! locating lead users in open source software communities},
	year = {2008},
	abstract = {The Lead User Method recognizes that certain end users of products are a valuable source {\textendash} in some industries the only source {\textendash} of new product innovations. Organizations that seek out these lead users and invite them to assist with the new product development process will produce products that perform far better in the marketplace than those developed by traditional methods based on research and development and market research. The individuals who author Open Source Software (OSS) {\textendash} complex and high-quality computer software that is typically distributed free of charge and without restrictions on use {\textendash} appear to share many common characteristics with lead users. These skilled computer programmers develop their software collaboratively, and often form large communities that congregate in Internet {\textquoteright}chat rooms{\textquoteright} to discuss and manage their software development projects. In response to a call for further research to improve the performance of the lead user method, this paper integrates concepts from the fields of innovation management, data visualization and open source software to a proposal to improve the process of identifying lead users in OSS communities},
	keywords = {irc},
	url = {http://www.geoffbreach.com/files/9512/6939/7089/Breach\%202008\%20Im\%20Not\%20Chatting\%20Im\%20Innovating.pdf},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/Breach\%202008\%20Im\%20Not\%20Chatting\%20Im\%20Innovating.pdf},
	author = {Breach, Geoff}
}
@conference {Parnin:2008:ICD:1370750.1370765,
	title = {Improving change descriptions with change contexts},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2008 international working conference on Mining software repositories},
	series = {MSR {\textquoteright}08},
	year = {2008},
	month = {05/2008},
	pages = {51{\textendash}60},
	publisher = {ACM},
	organization = {ACM},
	address = {New York, NY, USA},
	abstract = {Software archives are one of the best sources available to researchers for understanding the software development process. However, much detective work is still necessary in order to unravel the software development story. During this process, researchers must isolate changes and follow their trails over time. In support of this analysis, several research tools have provided different representations for connecting the many changes extracted from software archives. Most of these tools are based on textual analysis of source code and use line-based differencing between software versions. This approach limits the ability to process changes structurally resulting in less concise and comparable items. Adoption of structure-based approaches have been hampered by complex implementations and overly verbose change descriptions. We present a technique for expressing changes that is fine-grained but preserves some structural aspects. The structural information itself may not have changed, but instead provides a context for interpreting the change. This in turn, enables more relevant and concise descriptions in terms of software types and programming activities. We apply our technique to common challenges that researchers face, and then we discuss and compare our results with other techniques.},
	keywords = {bytecode analysis, cecil, change management, change pairs, semantic diff, zedgraph},
	isbn = {978-1-60558-024-1},
	doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1370750.1370765},
	url = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1370750.1370765},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/p51-parnin.pdf},
	author = {Parnin, Chris and G{\"o}rg, Carsten}
}
@conference {flosswp1737,
	title = {Improving community awareness in software forges by semantical aggregation of tools feeds},
	booktitle = {3nd International Workshop on Public Data about Software Development (WoPDaSD 2008), Milano, Italy, September 2008},
	year = {2008},
	abstract = {It is rather difficult to monitor or visualize what can be the contribution of a member in a project, especially when the project uses multiple tools to produce its results. This is the case for collaborative development of FLOSS software, that use Wiki, bug tracker, mailing lists and source code management tools. This paper presents an approach to data collection by using aggregation of feeds published by the different tools of a software forge. To allow this aggregation, collected data is semantically reformatted into Semantic Web standards: RDF, DC, DOAP, and FOAF. Resulting data can then be processed, republished or displayed to project members. We implemented this approach in a supervision module that has been integrated into the PicoForge platform. This module is able do draw a live graph of the social community out of the different sources of data, and in turn export semantic feeds for other uses.},
	keywords = {community of practice, DOAF., FOAF, free and open source software development, public data, RDF, semantic Web, social filtering, social network analysis},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/Paper4.pdf},
	author = {Quang Vu Dang and Christian Bac and Olivier Berger and Xuan Sang Dao}
}
@unpublished {flosswp393,
	title = {The indirect debate and the community. How the periphery and the core relate in the Free/Open Source Software community},
	year = {2008},
	month = {June},
	abstract = {The present paper analyzes the relationship between the core and the periphery in the Free/Open Source innovation model. Considering the core as the "sparring partner" of the periphery, and not vice versa, the present discussion tries to apply a view opposite to the most diffused one. The first passages of the paper are meant to characterize the periphery, its functions, and the source of the realized division of labor with the core. It is shown that this specific schema is the consequence of the self-organizing nature of the FOSS model, that needs to dissipate resources to assure that the whole dynamics does not cease. However, this peculiar division of labor is possible only if the periphery and the core share the same set of interpretative schemes, norms and vision of the authoritative configuration of the community. To understand how this last passage is possible, I develop a conceptual model based on Wenger{\textquoteright}s concept of imagination and alignment, usually kept in the background by the literature on FOSS, and on the idea of dissonance (e.g. Kuran, 1998). Eventually, the paper tries discuss the relevant properties of the periphery (invisibility, atomization and instability) emerging from the analysis of the possible flaws of the process},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/rullani_periphery.pdf},
	author = {Francesco Rullani}
}
@conference {Twidale2008,
	title = {Infrastructures From the Bottom-Up and the Top-Down: Can They Meet in the Middle?},
	booktitle = {Proceedings PDC 2008},
	year = {2008},
	pages = {238-241},
	abstract = {Based on a study of participatory design in the development of cyberinfrastructure involving the rapid composition of open source software and web services, we consider cases where researchers create their own ad hoc infrastructures out of available software. We compare "top- down" and "bottom-up" cyberinfrastructure development and speculate on whether the two approaches can be productively combined.},
	author = {Twidale, M.B and Floyd, I.R.}
}
@proceedings {813,
	title = {Infrastructures From the Bottom-Up and the Top-Down: Can They Meet in the Middle?},
	year = {2008},
	pages = {238-241.},
	abstract = {Based on a study of participatory design in the development of cyberinfrastructure involving the rapid composition of open source software and web services, we consider cases where researchers create their own ad hoc infrastructures out of available software. We compare "top- down" and "bottom-up" cyberinfrastructure development and speculate on whether the two approaches can be productively combined.},
	url = {http://hdl.handle.net/2142/9526},
	author = {Twidale, M.B and Floyd, I.R.}
}
@conference {Zhang:2008:ISG:1370750.1370785,
	title = {An initial study of the growth of eclipse defects},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2008 international working conference on Mining software repositories},
	series = {MSR {\textquoteright}08},
	year = {2008},
	pages = {141{\textendash}144},
	publisher = {ACM},
	organization = {ACM},
	address = {New York, NY, USA},
	abstract = {We analyze the Eclipse defect data from June 2004 to November 2007, and find that the growth of the number of defects can be well modeled by polynomial functions. Furthermore, we can predict the number of future Eclipse defects based on the nature of defect growth.},
	keywords = {bug reports, defect growth model, defect prediction, eclipse, msr challenge, polynomial regression},
	isbn = {978-1-60558-024-1},
	doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1370750.1370785},
	url = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1370750.1370785},
	author = {Zhang, Hongyu}
}
@article {1120,
	title = {The institutions of open source software: Examining the Debian community*},
	journal = {Information Economics and Policy},
	volume = {20},
	year = {2008},
	note = {"using primary data from its mailing lists archives, handbooks written to inform potential and actual community members, and previous analyses of institutional evolution and political conflict"

no discussion of which lists, how many, or when they were gathered...?[ms]},
	month = {12/2008},
	pages = {333 - 344},
	abstract = {Free and open source software activities involve and, perhaps, evolve institutions (rules, norms and standards) that influence the formation, growth, and demise of communities. Community institutions are attractors for some individuals while discouraging other individuals from entering or continuing to participate. Their suitability may change as a community grows. This paper examines the institutions of the Debian community where issues of community identity, distribution of authority, and decentralisation have facilitated growth and development. These same institutions have also resulted in conflicts regarding community purposes and the quality and delivery of the community{\textquoteright}s output. We examine the institutional redesign undertaken to address these problems and derive implications for F/LOS communities and companies.},
	keywords = {authority, COMMUNITY, conflict, debian, decentralization, growth, institutions, leadership},
	issn = {01676245},
	doi = {10.1016/j.infoecopol.2008.06.001},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/The_institutions_of_open_source_software-_IR.pdf},
	author = {Mateos Garcia, J. and Steinmueller, W.E.}
}
@booklet {509,
	title = {Intellectual Property Rights and Ex-Post Transaction Costs: the Case of Open and Closed Source Software},
	year = {2008},
	abstract = {The economic characteristics of software and transaction costs explain, why closed source and open source software co-exist. It is about the efficient use of a non- and anti-scarce resource. But because of ex-post transaction costs that lead to information asymmetries, some property rights regarding the resource ""source code"" are not exclusively separable. Thus, the first best allocation of property rights, that would yield an optimal usage of a source code, is not realizable. Or, that is to say, a first best realization of contracts is not feasible.

Hence, open and closed source software are two second best arrangements, both with specific assets and drawbacks. The principle of closed source benefits from direct (monetary) incentives and control, but has limits in its scope (size) because of transaction costs. Open source, on the one hand, benefits from its openness that creates spillovers and enables to incorporate human capital that is not acquirable for closed source firms. On the other hand, there are costs of openness, such as coordination costs (consensus finding, etc.) the danger of free riding or under provision, or forking.},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/wp_2008_047.pdf},
	author = {von Engelhardt, Sebastian}
}
@article {flosswp376,
	title = {Involving Software Engineering Students in Open Source Software Projects: Experiences from a Pilot Study},
	year = {2008},
	month = {June},
	abstract = {Anecdotal and research evidences show that the Free and Open Source Software (F/OSS) development model has produced a paradigm shift in the way we develop, support, and distribute software. This shift is not only redefining the software industry but also the way we teach and learn in our software engineering (SE) courses. But for many universities F/OSS is seen as an optional low cost technology to support the IT infrastructure and administrational duties. Few see F/OSS as an opportunity for students to learn the SE concepts and skills we teach. Furthermore, it is still an open question as to whether the F/OSS methodology can be effectively used to teach SE courses within the formally structured curriculum in most universities. This paper discusses F/OSS projects as bazaars of learning that offer a meaningful learning context. The discussion is centered on a pilot study in which students were involved in software testing in F/OSS projects. We present the teaching and learning framework we used in the pilot study and report on our experiences, lessons learned, and some practical problems we encountered. Our grading and evaluation approach show that the students did relatively well as bug hunters and reporters. Results from two online surveys indicate that students are motivated in participating in software testing in the bazaar, and they are willing to participate in project activities long after their graduation. The study reveals one possible way SE educators can teach and integrate F/OSS into their formal curricular structure.},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/bazaars_of_learning.pdf},
	author = {Sowe, Sulayman K. and Ioannis Stamelos}
}
@conference {1001,
	title = {Identifying Changed Source Code Lines from Version Repositories},
	booktitle = {Fourth International Workshop on Mining Software Repositories (MSR{\textquoteright}07:ICSE Workshops 2007)},
	year = {2007},
	pages = {14 - 14},
	publisher = {IEEE},
	organization = {IEEE},
	address = {Minneapolis, MN, USA},
	abstract = {Observing the evolution of software systems at different levels of granularity has been a key issue for a number of studies, aiming at predicting defects or at studying certain phenomena, such as the presence of clones or of crosscutting concerns. Versioning systems such as CVS and SVN, however, only provide information about lines added or deleted by a contributor: any change is shown as a sequence of additions and deletions. This provides an erroneous estimate of the amount of code changed.

This paper shows how the evolution of changes at source code line level can be inferred from CVS repositories, by combining information retrieval techniques and the Levenshtein edit distance. The application of the proposed approach to the ArgoUML case study indicates a high precision and recall.},
	keywords = {argouml, cvs, levenshtein, scm, source code},
	isbn = {0-7695-2950-X},
	doi = {10.1109/MSR.2007.14},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/28300014.pdf},
	author = {Canfora, Gerardo and Cerulo, Luigi and Di Penta, Massimiliano}
}
@article {1416,
	title = {Identifying Success and Abandonment of Free/Libre and Open Source (FLOSS) Commons: A Preliminary Classification of Sourceforge.net projects},
	journal = {Upgrade: The European Journal for the Informatics Professional},
	volume = {VIII},
	year = {2007},
	pages = {54-59},
	abstract = {Free/Libre and Open Source Software (FLOSS) projects are a form of commons where individuals work collectively to produce software that is a public, rather than a private, good. The famous phrase {\textquotedblleft}Tragedy of the Commons{\textquotedblright} describes a situation where a natural resource commons, such as a pasture, or a water supply, gets depleted because of overuse. The tragedy in FLOSS commons is distinctly different: It occurs when collective action ceases before a software product is produced or reaches its full potential. This paper builds on previous work about defining success in FLOSS projects by taking a collective action perspective. We first report the results of interviews with FLOSS developers regarding our ideas about success and failure in FLOSS projects. Building on those interviews and previous work, we then describe our criteria for defining success/tragedy in FLOSS commons. Finally, we discuss the results of a preliminary classification of nearly all projects hosted on Sourceforge.net as of August 2006.},
	keywords = {flossmole, sourceforge, success},
	url = {http://www.cepis.org/upgrade/files/full-VI-07.pdf},
	author = {English, R. and Schweik, C. M.}
}
@article {94,
	title = {Identifying Success and Tragedy of FLOSS Commons: A Preliminary Classification of Sourceforge. net Projects},
	journal = {Emerging Trends in FLOSS Research and Development, 2007. FLOSS{\textquoteright}07. First International Workshop on},
	year = {2007},
	pages = {11-11},
	author = {English, R. and Schweik, C. M.}
}
@conference {1013,
	title = {Impact of the Creation of the Mozilla Foundation in the Activity of Developers},
	booktitle = {Fourth International Workshop on Mining Software Repositories (MSR{\textquoteright}07:ICSE Workshops 2007)},
	year = {2007},
	pages = {28 - 28},
	publisher = {IEEE},
	organization = {IEEE},
	address = {Minneapolis, MN, USA},
	abstract = {During 2003, the Mozilla project transitioned from company-promoted (sponsored by AOL) to community-promoted (sponsored by the Mozilla Foundation). What happened to the group of developers during this transition? There was any significant impact on its activity or composition? To answer these questions, we have performed an analysis of the CVS repository of Mozilla, using the CVSAnalY tool, finding little on activity, but dramatic changes in the the composition of the development team.},
	keywords = {cvs, cvsanaly, developers, mining challenge, mozilla, msr challenge, revision history},
	isbn = {0-7695-2950-X},
	doi = {10.1109/MSR.2007.15},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/28300028.pdf},
	author = {Jesus M. Gonzalez-Barahona and Gregorio Robles and Herraiz, Israel}
}
@article {hoepman2007increased,
	title = {Increased security through open source},
	journal = {Communications of the ACM},
	volume = {50},
	number = {1},
	year = {2007},
	pages = {79{\textendash}83},
	publisher = {ACM},
	abstract = {The last few years have shown a worldwide rise in the attention for, and
actual use of, open source software (OSS), most notably of the operating
system Linux and various applications running on top of it. Various major
companies and governments are adopting OSS. As a result, there are many
publications concerning its advantages and disadvantages. The ongoing discussions
cover a wide range of topics, such as Windows versus Linux, cost
issues, intellectual property rights, development methods, etc. Here we wish
to focus on security issues surrounding OSS. It has become a reasonably
well-established conviction within the computer security community that
publishing designs and protocols contributes to the security of systems built
on them. But should one go all the way and publish source code as well?
That is the fundamental question that we wish to address in this paper.},
	keywords = {security},
	url = {https://arxiv.org/pdf/0801.3924.pdf},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/0801.3924.pdf},
	author = {Hoepman, Jaap-Henk and Jacobs, Bart}
}
@conference {632,
	title = {Influence in the Linux Kernel Community},
	booktitle = {OSS2007: Open Source Development, Adoption and Innovation (IFIP 2.13)},
	series = {IFIP International Federation for Information Processing },
	volume = {234/2007},
	year = {2007},
	month = {2007///},
	pages = {203 - 208},
	publisher = {Springer},
	organization = {Springer},
	chapter = {16},
	abstract = {Several success stories of open source (OS) products have been seen during last decade. Due to the economical importance of the products, it is important to know who are the ones who have the largest influence to the products. Is there a dominant player in developing communities? In this paper1 the aspect is studied with respect to the Linux Kernel community. We show that the influence is centered to a small number of core people, and corporates have a large impact to the development. Moreover, we enumerate the most influential companies.
},
	issn = {978-0-387-72485-0},
	doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-72486-7_16},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/Influence\%20in\%20the\%20Linux\%20Kernel.pdf},
	author = {Aaltonen, Timo and Jokinen, Jyke}
}
@article {flosswp380,
	title = {Information Policies and Open Source Software in Developing Countries},
	journal = {Journal of American Society of Information Science and Technology},
	volume = {58},
	number = {1},
	year = {2007},
	month = {January},
	pages = {121{\textendash}132},
	abstract = {Many authors propose that open source software (OSS) is a good strategy to bring information and communication technologies to developing countries. Nevertheless, the use of OSS needs to be more than just adopting Linux as the standard for operating systems. Adoption of OSS is not only a choice of software, but also a means of acquiring knowledge. Developing countries have to use OSS as a way to gain knowledge about the technology itself and as a way of creating technology products that fit their specific needs. In this article, the authors introduce a model of OSS based on its essential characteristics to understand how developing countries may use OSS to achieve their development goals. The authors argue that there are two defining properties of any open source software. The first property is the potential for shared conceptualization and the second is the potential for modularity. By assessing how each OSS project satisfies these two conditions, a taxonomy is built for open source projects. This taxonomy will help the development of more sensible policies to promote the use of open source in developing countries.},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/camara_fonseca_OSS_developing_countries.pdf},
	author = {Gilberto C{\^a}mara and Frederico Fonseca}
}
@article {flosswp329,
	title = {Information Policies and Open Source Software in Developing Countries},
	year = {2007},
	month = {January},
	abstract = {Many authors propose that open source software (OSS) is a good strategy to bring information and communication technologies to developing countries. Nevertheless, the use of OSS needs to be more than just adopting Linux as the standard for operating systems. Adoption of OSS is not only a choice of software, but also a means of acquiring knowledge. Developing countries have to use OSS as a way to gain knowledge about the technology itself and as a way of creating technology products that fit their specific needs. In this article, the authors introduce a model of OSS based on its essential characteristics to understand how developing countries may use OSS to achieve their development goals. The authors argue that there are two defining properties of any open source software. The first property is the potential for shared conceptualization and the second is the potential for modularity. By assessing how each OSS project satisfies these two conditions, a taxonomy is built for open source projects. This taxonomy will help the development of more sensible policies to promote the use of open source in developing countries.},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/camara_fonseca_jasist_oss_submission_jan06.pdf},
	author = {Gilberto C{\^a}mara and Frederico Fonseca}
}
@conference {625,
	title = {Innovation in Open Source Software Development: A Tale of Two Features},
	booktitle = {OSS2007: Open Source Development, Adoption and Innovation (IFIP 2.13)},
	series = {IFIP International Federation for Information Processing },
	volume = {234/2007},
	year = {2007},
	note = {"archives of project discussion forums were then examined to determine when the feature was first proposed, how it was debated, and when it was ultimately adopted"},
	month = {2007///},
	pages = {109 - 120},
	publisher = {Springer},
	organization = {Springer},
	chapter = {9},
	abstract = {Open Source Software Development appears to depart radically from conventional notions of software engineering. In particular, requirements for Open Source projects seem to be asserted rather than elicited. This paper examines two features of selected open source products: {\textquotedblleft}tabbed browsing{\textquotedblright} as realized in the Firefox web browser, and {\textquotedblleft}edge magnetism{\textquotedblright} found in the Gnome desktop environment{\textquoteright}s Metacity window manager. Using archives of mailing lists and issue tracking databases, these features were traced from first mention to release, in attempt to discover the process by which requirements are proposed, adopted, and implemented in their respective Open Source projects. The results confirm the importance of user participation in Open Source projects.
},
	keywords = {email, email archives, features, Firefox, gnome, mailing list, metacity, mozilla},
	issn = {978-0-387-72485-0},
	doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-72486-7_9},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/Innovation\%20in\%20OSS.pdf},
	author = {Noll, John}
}
@booklet {488,
	title = {Innovativeness of software solutions: evidence from an alternative methodology. Comparing Free/Open Source and proprietary products},
	year = {2007},
	month = {Dec},
	abstract = {The issue of innovation processes taking place in the software sector  is currently widely debated. Challenging questions arise about what products/services have to be considered innovative, and whether a specific artefact is innovative or not. In this framework, the widespread success of the Free/Open Source Software (FOSS) put forward new research issues, dealing with whether and how programs developed according to the new production paradigm turn out to be more innovative than traditional ones. In this framework, this paper aims at contributing to the literature by addressing three main research questions: (i) are software solutions produced by Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) innovative? (ii) What kinds of innovations are implemented? And, finally, (iii) are programs based on FOSS more innovative than proprietary ones?Basing on a sample of 134 software solutions produced by Italian SMEs and using an original methodology to asses the problem of evaluating innovation in the software field, we provides some first insights of what emerges if we set aside the traditional innovation indicators and endower to build alternative metrics, specifically developed to target the complexity of the innovation processes in the software markets.},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/lorenzi_rossi_MIT_20071220.pdf , https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/Alexy_Henkel_-_Promoting_the_Penguin_-_SSRN.pdf},
	author = {Dario Lorenzi and Cristina Rossi}
}
@conference {650,
	title = {Introducing Usability Practices to OSS: The Insiders{\textquoteright} Experience},
	booktitle = {OSS2007: Open Source Development, Adoption and Innovation (IFIP 2.13)},
	series = {IFIP International Federation for Information Processing },
	volume = {234/2007},
	year = {2007},
	month = {2007///},
	pages = {313 - 318},
	publisher = {Springer},
	organization = {Springer},
	chapter = {34},
	abstract = {This paper presents a case study of introducing usability practices to a small open source project called Carrot2. We describe our experiences from a point of view of an active Carrot2 developer, who is at the same time a usability enthusiast and practitioner. We perform a critical analysis of the system{\textquoteright}s original user interface and describe the steps we took to improve it. We also analyse the success factors and the impact of the whole redesign process.
},
	issn = {978-0-387-72485-0},
	doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-72486-7_34},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/Introducing\%20Usability\%20Practices.pdf},
	author = {Osi{\'n}ski, Stanis{\l}aw and Weiss, Dawid}
}
@conference {659,
	title = {Introduction to OSS 2007 Tutorial Program},
	booktitle = {OSS2007: Open Source Development, Adoption and Innovation (IFIP 2.13)},
	series = {IFIP International Federation for Information Processing },
	volume = {234/2007},
	year = {2007},
	month = {2007///},
	pages = {359 - 360},
	publisher = {Springer},
	organization = {Springer},
	chapter = {43},
	abstract = {Today, most software researchers and professionals consider Open Source as a greatly successful paradigm for large-scale production of high-quality software systems. However, most of them would probably agree that successfully applying this paradigm requires dealing with a number of important issues. One of the best reasons to attend OSS conference series is being able to discuss these issues in an unprecedented gathering of top-notch researchers, developers, and leaders from all avenues of the open source movement. Attending good tutorials, in particular, is a great opportunity for getting in touch with new ideas and discussing them in depth with real experts.
},
	issn = {978-0-387-72485-0},
	doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-72486-7_43},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/Introduction\%20to\%20OSS\%202007.pdf},
	author = {Damiani, Ernesto}
}
@conference {656,
	title = {Introduction to Panel Discussions at the Third International Conference on Open Source Systems {\textemdash} OSS 2007},
	booktitle = {OSS2007: Open Source Development, Adoption and Innovation (IFIP 2.13)},
	series = {IFIP International Federation for Information Processing },
	volume = {234/2007},
	year = {2007},
	month = {2007///},
	pages = {351 - 352},
	publisher = {Springer},
	organization = {Springer},
	chapter = {40},
	abstract = {Two diverse, stimulating and important panel discussions are included in this year{\textquoteright}s programme on open source systems. The first panel explores the diverse set of legal issues and risks that arise as governments increasingly adopt open source systems. Governments are attracted to open source software systems by the potential cost savings, open standards and protocols, and the flexibility, adaptability and reliability of the systems. However, there are serious legal issues and liabilities that can arise when governments adopt open source systems. This panel identifies and examines potential legal risks and liabilities from open source systems adoption in the government context. Some of the important legal concerns discussed by this panel include intellectual property rights, licensing, and protection of sensitive or confidential information. The second panel is organized as a debate in which the panelists will consider the advantages and disadvantages of the sharing of research data and analyses by open source systems researchers. The area of open source systems has attracted numerous researchers from many different disciplines. In part, the attraction of research on open source systems is due to the public information available about open source communities. Using this information, researchers have been uncovering fascinating insights about how open source systems are developed and used and how open source communities function. Unfortunately, as noted by this panel, the work products of this research are not readily available to the public. This prevents new researchers from validating, building upon and extending the research already conducted by others. However, making research work products available to the others, while potentially valuable, has associated disadvantages. For example, certain kinds of data collected by a researcher (such as surveys or other confidential information) may not be released to the public, given human subjects concerns. In addition, it can require substantial cost and effort on the part of the researcher to make research work products understandable and usable by others. This panel debates the issues surrounding the pros and cons of making open source systems research work products available to researchers.
},
	issn = {978-0-387-72485-0},
	doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-72486-7_40},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/Introduction\%20to\%20Panel\%20Discussions.pdf},
	author = {Sandra Slaughter}
}
@conference {663,
	title = {Introduction to Workshops at the Third International Conference on Open Source Systems {\textemdash} OSS 2007},
	booktitle = {OSS2007: Open Source Development, Adoption and Innovation (IFIP 2.13)},
	series = {IFIP International Federation for Information Processing },
	volume = {234/2007},
	year = {2007},
	month = {2007///},
	pages = {369 - 369},
	publisher = {Springer},
	organization = {Springer},
	chapter = {47},
	abstract = {The International Conference on Open Source Systems owes its success to the increasing desire of researchers and academicians to engage in open conversation and sharing with the open source community regarding its{\textquoteright}motivations, products, processes and data. This diverse representation of the growing practical and academic interest in Open Source Systems and its impact on the software engineering community is represented in the five workshops that accompany this year{\textquoteright}s conference. OSS 2007 welcomes these workshops as participants engage, in an informal setting, driven by fundamental academic interests, or by more applied industrial or commercial interests to discuss technical issues, exchange research ideas, and to develop a community in the field of Open Source Software and/or Systems.
},
	issn = {978-0-387-72485-0},
	doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-72486-7_47},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/Introduction\%20\%20to\%20Workshops.pdf},
	author = {Hissam, Scott}
}
@article {126,
	title = {Investigating recognition-based performance in an open content community: A social capital perspective},
	journal = {Information \& Management},
	volume = {44},
	number = {3},
	year = {2007},
	note = {Times Cited: 0},
	month = {Apr},
	pages = {240-252},
	abstract = {As the open source movement grows, it becomes important to understand the dynamics that affect the motivation of participants who contribute their time freely to such projects. One important motivation that has been identified is the desire for formal recognition in the open source community. We investigated the impact of social capital in participants{\textquoteright} social networks on their recognition-based performance; i.e., the formal status they are accorded in the community. We used a sample of 465 active participants in the Wikipedia open content encyclopedia community to investigate the effects of two types of social capital and found that network closure, measured by direct and indirect ties, had a significant positive effect on increasing participants{\textquoteright} recognition-based performance. Structural holes had mixed effects on participants{\textquoteright} status, but were generally a source of social capital. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.},
	keywords = {open content, recognition-based performance, social capital, social networks, social status, virtual communities},
	isbn = {0378-7206},
	author = {Okoli, C. and Oh, Wonseok}
}
@proceedings {149,
	title = {Investigating success of open source software projects: A social network perspective},
	year = {2007},
	keywords = {CollectedOwnData NoShare},
	author = {Jing Wu and Khim-Yong Goh and Qian Tang}
}
@proceedings {71,
	title = {Identification of coordination requirements: Implications for the design of collaboration and awareness tools},
	year = {2006},
	month = {November},
	address = {Banff, Alberta, Canada},
	keywords = {modularity},
	author = {Cataldo, Marcelo and Wagstrom, Patrick A. and Herbsleb, J. D. and Carley, Kathleen M.}
}
@article {flosswp325,
	title = {Identifying Knowledge Brokers that Yield Software Engineering Knowledge in OSS Projects},
	journal = {Information and Software Technology},
	volume = {46},
	year = {2006},
	note = {Uses the Debian mailing lists "kde", "mentor", and "user". 
the collection period was from January 2001 to September 2004},
	month = {11/2006},
	pages = {1025-1033},
	abstract = {Much research on open source software development concentrates on developer lists and other software repositories to investigate what motivates professional software developers to participate in open source software projects. Little attention has been paid to individuals who spend valuable time in lists helping participants on some mundane yet vital project activities. Using three Debian lists as a case study we investigate the impact of knowledge brokers and their associated activities in open source projects. Social network analysis was used to visualize how participants are affiliated with the lists. The network topology reveals substantial community participation. The consequence of collaborating in mundane activities for the success of open source software projects is discussed. The direct beneficiaries of this research are in the identification of knowledge experts in open source software projects.},
	keywords = {debian, email, email archives, expertise, knowledge sharing, mailing list, project success, social network analysis},
	doi = {10.1016/j.infsof.2005.12.019},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/IST-Vol-48-11-2006.pdf},
	author = {Sowe, Sulayman K. and Ioannis Stamelos and Lefteris Angelis}
}
@article {flosswp113,
	title = {The Impact of Ideology on Effectiveness in Open Source Software Development Teams},
	journal = {MIS Quarterly},
	volume = {30},
	number = {2},
	year = {2006},
	note = {"...we collected data related to OSS projects hosted on Sourceforge (www.sourceforge.net)."
"Data was collected using two surveys and from the Sourceforge website."
},
	month = {2006},
	pages = {291-314},
	abstract = {The emerging work on understanding open source software has argued for the importance of understanding what leads to effectiveness in OSS development teams and has pointed to the importance of ideology. This paper develops a framework of the OSS ideology (including specific norms, beliefs, and values) and a theoretical model to show how adherence to components of the ideology impact effectiveness in OSS teams. The model is based on the idea that ideology provides clan control, which is important in OSS development settings because OSS teams generally lack formal behavioral and outcome controls. The paper hypothesizes both direct effects of ideology on OSS team effectiveness and indirect effects via influences on affective trust, cognitive trust, and communication quality. Hypotheses are tested using survey and objective data on OSS projects. Four effectiveness measures are used to capture unique aspects of effectiveness in OSS including both the extent to which a team attracts input from the community and the team{\textquoteright}s success in accomplishing project outcomes. Results support the main thesis that OSS team members{\textquoteright} adherence to the tenets of the OSS community ideology enhances OSS team effectiveness. The study uncovers several differences in the importance of OSS norms, beliefs, and values to different kinds of OSS team effectiveness and discusses implications for theory and practice.},
	keywords = {bug fixing, bug reports, bug tracking, communication, COMMUNITY, effectiveness, feature requests, ideology, metadata, sourceforge, Survey, team effort, team size, trust},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/stewartgosain2.pdf},
	author = {Stewart, K. and Gosain, S.}
}
@conference {693,
	title = {Impact of Social Ties on Open Source Project Team Formation},
	booktitle = {OSS2006: Open Source Systems (IFIP 2.13)},
	series = {IFIP International Federation for Information Processing },
	volume = {203/2006},
	year = {2006},
	note = {"we randomly selected 1030 new projects that were registered between X and X in 2005. A web crawler downloaded the HTML files containing project summary data and developer information on the date of registration."},
	month = {2006///},
	pages = {307 - 317},
	publisher = {Springer},
	organization = {Springer},
	abstract = {In this paper, we empirically examined the role of social ties in OSSD team formation and developer joining behavior. We find that the existence and the amount of prior social relations in the network do increase the probability of an OSS project to attract more developers. Interestingly, for projects without preexisting social ties, developers tend to join the project initiated by people with less OSSD experience. This research fills a gap in the open source literature by conducting an empirical investigation of the role of social relations on project team formation behavior. Furthermore, the adoption of social network analysis, which has received little attention in the OSS literature, can yield some interesting results on the interactions among OSS developers.
},
	keywords = {developers, metadata, social network analysis, sourceforge},
	issn = {978-0-387-34225-2},
	doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/0-387-34226-5_31},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/Impact\%20of\%20Social\%20Ties\%20on\%20Open\%20Source\%20Project.pdf},
	author = {Hahn, Jungpil and Moon, Jae and Zhang, Chen}
}
@article {141,
	title = {Impacts of license choice and organizational sponsorship on user interest and development activity in open source software projects},
	journal = {Information Systems Research},
	volume = {17},
	number = {2},
	year = {2006},
	note = {Times Cited: 1},
	pages = {126-144},
	abstract = {What differentiates successful from unsuccessful open source software projects? This paper develops and tests a model of the impacts of license restrictiveness and organizational sponsorship on two indicators of success: user interest in, and development activity on, open source software development projects. Using data gathered from Freshmeat.net and project home pages, the main conclusions derived from the analysis are that (1) license restrictiveness and organizational sponsorship interact to influence user perceptions of the likely utility of open source software in such a way that users are most attracted to projects that are sponsored by nonmarket organizations and that employ nonrestrictive licenses, and (2) licensing and sponsorship address complementary developer motivations such that the influence of licensing on development activity depends on what kind of organizational sponsor a project has. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed, and the paper outlines several avenues for future research.},
	author = {Katherine Stewart and Ammeter, A. P. and Maruping, L. M.}
}
@article {Crowston:2006,
	title = {Information systems success in Free and Open Source Software development: Theory and measures},
	journal = {Software Process{\textendash}Improvement and Practice},
	volume = {11},
	number = {2},
	year = {2006},
	note = {"we continue our examination of success measures using data from Sourceforge..."
"e chose the number of developers (assessed from the records of the project and from bug fixing logs), bug-fixing time, and popularity (assessed from the number of downloads and viewings of project Web pages, and inclusion in distributions). These measures were chosen because they span the reconsidered FLOSS development process discussed above, including inputs (number of developers), process (speed of bug fixing) and output (popularity)."},
	pages = {123{\textendash}148},
	abstract = {Information systems success is one of the most widely used dependent variables in information systems (IS) research, but research on Free/Libre and Open Source software (FLOSS) often fails to appropriately conceptualize this important concept. In this paper, we reconsider what success means within a FLOSS context. We first review existing models of IS success and success variables used in FLOSS research and assess them for their usefulness, practicality and fit to the FLOSS context. Then, drawing on a theoretical model of group effectiveness in the FLOSS development process, as well as an online discussion group with developers, we present additional concepts that are central to an appropriate understanding of success for FLOSS. In order to examine the practicality and validity of this conceptual scheme, the second half of our paper presents an empirical study that demonstrates its operationalization of the chosen measures and assesses their internal validity. We use data from SourceForge to measure the project{\textquoteright}s effectiveness in team building, the speed of the project at responding to bug reports and the project{\textquoteright}s popularity. We conclude by discussing the implications of this study for our proposed extension of IS success in the context of FLOSS development and highlight future directions for research.},
	keywords = {bug fixing, developers, downloads, FLOSS, flossmole, page views, popularity, project success, size, sourceforge, success, team size},
	doi = {10.1002/spip.259},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/CrowstonHowisonAnnabi2006.pdf},
	author = {Kevin Crowston and Howison, James and Hala Annabi}
}
@conference {Askari:2006:ITE:1137983.1138013,
	title = {Information theoretic evaluation of change prediction models for large-scale software},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2006 international workshop on Mining software repositories},
	series = {MSR {\textquoteright}06},
	year = {2006},
	pages = {126{\textendash}132},
	publisher = {ACM},
	organization = {ACM},
	address = {New York, NY, USA},
	abstract = {In this paper, we analyze the data extracted from several open source software repositories. We observe that the change data follows a Zipf distribution. Based on the extracted data, we then develop three probabilistic models to predict which files will have changes or bugs. The first model is Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE), which simply counts the number of events, i.e., changes or bugs, that happen to each file and normalizes the counts to compute a probability distribution. The second model is Reflexive Exponential Decay (RED) in which we postulate that the predictive rate of modification in a file is incremented by any modification to that file and decays exponentially. The third model is called RED-Co-Change. With each modification to a given file, the RED-Co-Change model not only increments its predictive rate, but also increments the rate for other files that are related to the given file through previous co-changes. We then present an information-theoretic approach to evaluate the performance of different prediction models. In this approach, the closeness of model distribution to the actual unknown probability distribution of the system is measured using cross entropy. We evaluate our prediction models empirically using the proposed information-theoretic approach for six large open source systems. Based on this evaluation, we observe that of our three prediction models, the RED-Co-Change model predicts the distribution that is closest to the actual distribution for all the studied systems.},
	keywords = {bugs, change analysis, cvs, evaluation approach, file, freebsd, information theory, kde, koffice, log files, netbsd, openbsd, postgresql, prediction, prediction models, scm, source code},
	isbn = {1-59593-397-2},
	doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1137983.1138013},
	url = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1137983.1138013},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/126InformationTheoretic.pdf},
	author = {Askari, Mina and Holt, Ric}
}
@conference {888,
	title = {Insert Movie Reference Here: A System to Bridge Conversation and Item-Oriented Web Sites},
	booktitle = {ACM SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	year = {2006},
	month = {22/04/2006},
	pages = {951-954},
	publisher = {ACM},
	organization = {ACM},
	isbn = {1-59593-372-7},
	author = {Sara Drenner and Max Harper and Dan Frankowski and John Riedl and Loren Terveen}
}
@conference {694,
	title = {Insiders and outsiders: paid contributors and the dynamics of cooperation in community led F/OS projects},
	booktitle = {OSS2006: Open Source Systems (IFIP 2.13)},
	series = {IFIP International Federation for Information Processing},
	year = {2006},
	pages = {201 - 208},
	publisher = {Springer},
	organization = {Springer},
	abstract = {This paper examines the role of paid developers in mature free/open source (F/OS) communities. In particular it provides a typology for their involvement based on their employment and sponsorship arrangements and elaborates a framework for understanding the dynamics of cooperation developing between them and the volunteers based on their community ties. The evidence presented is drawn from individual interviews conducted with volunteer and paid contributors from the GNOME and KDE projects within the context of a PhD research focusing on commercialization and peripheral participation in F/OS communities. The paper highlights the various interdependencies that form between communities and companies and adds to our understanding of the dynamics of commercialization in F/OS projects.
},
	keywords = {gnome, interviews, kde},
	doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/0-387-34226-5_20},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/Insiders\%20and\%20outsiders.pdf},
	author = {Evangelia Berdou}
}
@conference {695,
	title = {Institutional Entrepreneurs and the Bricolage of Intellectual Property Discourses},
	booktitle = {OSS2006: Open Source Systems (IFIP 2.13)},
	series = {IFIP International Federation for Information Processing},
	year = {2006},
	pages = {183 - 193},
	publisher = {Springer},
	organization = {Springer},
	abstract = {Commercial software firms are increasingly becoming involved with open source communities. In this research-in-progress paper I briefly analysed a single firm case that demonstrates how an institutional entrepreneur mixes in an innovative way different discourses in an attempt to legitimise a new mode for developing software applying both open and closed source codes. The institutional entrepreneur does this by creating new distinctions in his daily software developing work. I am not arguing that the institutional entrepreneur is creating these new distinctions in an instrumental rational process, but that the distinctions emerge in sensemaking processes along his {\textquoteleft}doing{\textquoteright} something in the firm.
},
	doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/0-387-34226-5_18},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/Institutional\%20Entrepreneurs\%20and\%20the\%20Bricolage.pdf},
	author = {Westenholz, Ann}
}
@article {1232,
	title = {Integration of libre software applications to create a collaborative work platform for researchers at GET},
	journal = {International Journal of Information Technology and Web Engineering},
	volume = {1},
	number = {3},
	year = {2006},
	month = {07/2006},
	pages = {1-16},
	publisher = {IGI Global},
	abstract = {Libre software provides powerful applications ready to be integrated for the build-up of platforms for internal use in organizations. We describe the architecture of the collaborative work platform which we have integrated, designed for researchers at GET. We present the elements we have learned during this project in particular with respect to contribution to external libre projects, in order to better ensure the maintainability of the internal applications, and to phpGroupware as a framework for specific applications development.},
	keywords = {collaborative work environment, contribution, free software, groupware, in-house applications, libre software, open source software, OpenLDAP, phpGroupware, PicoLibre, ProGET, Sympa, TWiki, WebDAV, wiki},
	author = {Olivier Berger and Christian Bac and Benoit Hamet}
}
@article {flosswp323,
	title = {{\textquoteright}Intellectual Property{\textquoteright} and Knowledge Creation in Disorganisations},
	year = {2006},
	month = {December},
	abstract = {Given the current forms of economic production and corporate markets, the liberating and democratic potential of digital information is counteracted by the concentration of media ownership, as well as by policy, legislation, and the development of proprietary forms of technology. The notion of {\textquoteright}intellectual property{\textquoteright} produces artificial scarcity where digital technology could remove it. This tension between the proprietary and non-proprietary aspects of the information society can be analysed by looking at two types of knowledge creation: organisational and disorganisational. While organisational knowledge work can benefit from a notion of {\textquoteright}intellectual property{\textquoteright}, disorganisational knowledge work is disrupted, if not destroyed, by proprietary barriers on information. This is unfortunate if and when the crucial innovations and ethical potential of the information society are connected to disorganisational communities, even though the organisational type is more visible and better represented in the traditional structures of society.},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/14_Vaden_ELEA_3_3_web.pdf},
	author = {Tere Vad{\'e}n}
}
@conference {710,
	title = {The Introduction of OpenOffice.org in the Brussels Public Administration},
	booktitle = {OSS2006: Open Source Systems (IFIP 2.13)},
	series = {IFIP International Federation for Information Processing},
	year = {2006},
	pages = {123 - 134},
	publisher = {Springer},
	organization = {Springer},
	abstract = {Open source software is increasingly used by public administrations as an alternative to commercial software. In this paper we present a case study of the transition of the ministerial cabinets of the Brussels-Capital Region towards OpenOffice.org. 
In this case, the decision to use open source software was taken by the Government of the Brussels-Capital Region. The goal of the paper is to outline the implementation trajectory followed and to compare our findings to previous studies in this field as well as other Information Systems literature. Additionally, we discuss how OpenOffice.org was received by end users as well as the IT department that was responsible for the migration. Our findings indicate that although a migration towards OpenOffice.org is feasible, a number of difficulties still remain. For example, end user perceptions of OpenOffice.org are not always favorable and migration costs (document conversion and training) can be significant.
},
	doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/0-387-34226-5_12},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/The\%20Introduction\%20of\%20OpenOffice.org.pdf},
	author = {Ven, Kris and Van Nuffel, Dieter and Verelst, Jan}
}
@unpublished {flosswp238,
	title = {I Walk the Open Road: Toward an Open Source Philosophy},
	year = {2005},
	month = {September},
	abstract = {This paper addresses the concept of "Open Source" in a philosophical way. It argues that open source is a virtual entity with ontological significance beyond the realm of the software movement that granted its naming. The paper includes an examination of the technical language surrounding open source software, progresses through a philosophical exploration of this language removed from the specificity of computer languages and technologies, and then returns to an analysis of The Open Source Definition in the light of the philosophical investigation.},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/cooksey.pdf},
	author = {Robert Cooksey}
}
@conference {781,
	title = {Idealism and Commercialism {\textendash} Developing Free/Libre and Open Source Software in Private Businesses},
	booktitle = {OSS2005: Open Source Systems },
	year = {2005},
	pages = {301-302},
	abstract = {This paper presents a PhD research project undertaken as part of a larger project aimed at paying sociological attention to different forms of distribution of knowledge, including program code. We want to investigate empirically how the commons knows as free/open source software is actually made. In my PhD project I study the use and development of FLOSS in private businesses, focusing on professional developers working in private businesses and at the same time participating in the FLOSS community. The theoretical starting point is theories of power, dominance and legitimacy by Max Weber and Pierre Bourdieu.},
	keywords = {dominance, FLOSS, FLOSS community, free/libre, legitimacy, linux, open source, Private Businesses, social organisation, theories of power},
	url = {http://pascal.case.unibz.it/handle/2038/970},
	author = {Lundestad, Christian V.}
}
@article {105,
	title = {Improving Web accessibility through an enhanced open-source browser},
	journal = {Ibm Systems Journal},
	volume = {44},
	number = {3},
	year = {2005},
	note = {Times Cited: 2},
	pages = {573-588},
	abstract = {The accessibilityWorks project provides software enhancements to the Mozilla (TM) Web browser and allows users to control their browsing environment. Although Web accessibility standards specify markup that must be incorporated for Web pages to be accessible, these standards do not ensure a good experience for all Web users. This paper discusses user controls that facilitate a number of adaptations that can greatly increase the usability of Web pages for a diverse population of users. in addition to transformations that change page presentation, innovations are discussed that enable mouse and keyboard input correction as well as vision-based control for users unable to use their hands for computer input.},
	author = {Hanson, V. L. and Brezin, J. P. and Crayne, S. and Keates, S. and Kjeldsen, R. and Richards, J. T. and Swart, C. and Trewin, S.}
}
@article {flosswp222,
	title = {"Infectious" Open Source Software: Spreading Incentives or Promoting Resistance?},
	year = {2005},
	month = {April},
	abstract = {Some free or open source software infects other software with its licensing terms. Free or open source software is a copyright based licensing system. It typically allows modification and distribution on conditions such as source code availability, royalty-free use and other requirements. Some licenses require distribution of modifications under the same terms. A license is infectious when it has a strong scope for the modifications provision. The scope arises from a broad conception of software derivative works. A strong infectious ambit would apply itself to modified software, and to software intermixed or coupled with non-open-source software. Popular open source software, including the GNU/Linux operating system, uses a license with this feature. This Article assesses the efficacy of broad infectious license terms to determine their incentive effects for open source and proprietary software. The analysis doubts beneficial effects. Rather, on balance, such terms may produce incentives detrimental to interoperability and coexistence between open and proprietary code. As a result, open source licensing should precisely define infectious terms in order to support open source development without countervailing effects and misaligned incentives.},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/vetter2.pdf},
	author = {Greg R Vetter}
}
@article {flosswp229,
	title = {Innovativeness of open source software projects},
	year = {2005},
	month = {August},
	abstract = {The paper addresses an ongoing debate about the innovativeness of open source projects and critically evaluates the innovative potential of 500 most active projects registered by SourceForge.net. The analysis is based on a proposed framework, distinguishing between radical inventions, technology / platform modifications, and marketing innovations. Research findings include relatively low levels of technical newness in the studies sample, alongside high interest of developers and users in the innovative projects. The article discusses the underlying mechanisms, restricting innovativeness of community-driven open source efforts, and postulates the establishment of an institution of idea brokers playing roles corresponding to venture capitalists in the commercial software domain.},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/klincewicz.pdf},
	author = {Krzysztof Klincewicz}
}
@conference {798,
	title = {An International Master Programme in Free Software in the European Higher Education Space},
	booktitle = {OSS2005: Open Source Systems },
	year = {2005},
	pages = {349-352},
	abstract = {The Universitat Oberta de Catalunya (Open University of Catalonia, UOC) offers an International Master programme in Free Software. The first edition of this master programme began on November 2003 and there are about 240 students currently enrolled at the different specialities offered by the program. In this paper, the design, the methodology and the first few conclusions drawn from this higher education experience are discussed and summarized. After this master programme was changed to accomplish with European Higher Education Space (EHES).},
	keywords = {education, free software, FS community, GNU/Linux, learning, master programme, software development, university},
	url = {http://pascal.case.unibz.it/handle/2038/713},
	author = {Meg{\'\i}as, David and Serra, Jordi and Macau, Rafael}
}
@article {flosswp204,
	title = {Intrinsic motivations and profit-oriented firms in Open Source software. Do firms practise what they preach?},
	year = {2005},
	month = {February},
	abstract = {A growing body of economic literature is exploring the incentives of the agents involved in the Open Source movement. However, most empirical analyses focus on individual developers and neglect firms that do business with Open Source software (Open Source firms). This paper contributes to the literature by providing empirical evidence on the incentives of firms that engage in Open Source activities. Data on firms? motivations were collected by a large-scale survey conducted on 146 Italian companies supplying Open Source (OS) solutions and show that intrinsic, community-based incentives do play a role. Nevertheless, these positive attitudes towards the values of the OS community, which are quite surprising by profit-oriented firms, are not in general put into practise. Discrepancy between attitudes and behaviours is a widely investigated phenomenon in social psychology literature. We explore its pattern in our sample, find that it does not concern all the respondents, and single out a group of firms adopting a more consistent behaviour. Our results are in line with the literature on individual motivations in organisations and Open Source business models .},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/rossi_motivations.pdf},
	author = {Cristina Rossi}
}
@conference {784,
	title = {An Investigation of Developer and User Activity In FLOSS Projects},
	booktitle = {OSS2005: Open Source Systems },
	year = {2005},
	pages = {307-308},
	abstract = {This document outlines research plans to investigate the evolution of a set of FLOSS (Free, Libre, and Open Source Software) projects and their communities by looking at patterns of developer and user activity through a combination of analysis of archived material and interaction with the project communities. The goal of the proposed research is to better understand the dynamics within FLOSS projects and how some projects become successful.},
	keywords = {developer, development, FLOSS, FLOSS project, open source, pattern, portal, project},
	url = {http://pascal.case.unibz.it/handle/2038/712},
	author = {Gale, Stephen}
}
@unpublished {flosswp189,
	title = {Implicit theories of "good leadership" in the open-source community},
	year = {2004},
	month = {April},
	abstract = {The goal of this paper is to uncover the implicit theories (a.k.a. personal believes) of open-source developers concerning the characteristics and behaviors of a "good project leader". Three main behavioral factors are discovered to describe such implicit theories: competence, task orientation and person consideration. The conclusions of this study have been drawn from an analysis conducted on data gathered through 138 respondents.},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/bosco.pdf},
	author = {Gianluca Bosco}
}
@article {capiluppi:23,
	title = {Improving comprehension and cooperation through code structure},
	journal = {IEE Seminar Digests},
	volume = {2004},
	number = {908},
	year = {2004},
	note = {"In this study we measured source code size in three different forms (LOCs, SLOCs, and Kbs of code)."

"Pilot Project: The ARLA System"
},
	pages = {23-28},
	publisher = {IEE},
	abstract = {Defining a relationship between a software system{\textquoteright}s architecture and the process{\textquoteright} efforts is one of the most fascinating questions of software engineering. Apparently, when a system{\textquoteright}s architecture is complex, the process to improve and evolve it will be more difficult. We try to tackle this question from a different point of view: given an open source system, in all the phases of its evolution, we focus on both the aspects of software developers, and the obtained software product. More we observe one of the possible architectures of this system, based on the tree structure derived from source components. First conclusions show that some patterns of tree evolution are recognizable: some branches may appear more promising than other, and are extensively evolved, while other remains in the same status for all the life cycle. More, when the tree structure reaches some status, the process of joining as a core developer seems to forestall. },
	keywords = {arla, code structure, contributors, developers, open source system, scm, software development, software engineering, software process, software product, software system architecture, source code, source components, tree evolution, tree structure},
	doi = {10.1049/ic:20040260},
	url = {http://link.aip.org/link/abstract/IEESEM/v2004/i908/p23/s1},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/capiluppi2004.pdf},
	author = {A. Capiluppi}
}
@proceedings {1196,
	title = {In the network: Distributed control in Gentoo Linux},
	year = {2004},
	abstract = {This position paper reports on the findings of an empirical pilot study of Gentoo Linux. Gentoo Linux is an open source Linux distribution developed by a geographically distributed community of volunteers. The reported findings are based on the analysis of a specific episode using actor network theory. With basis in the analysis, it is argued that control in this specific episode can be interpreted as both distributed and local at the same time. Control here being the power to define a problem and make the decision about the appropriate solution to the problem defined. Control, it is argued, is distributed in that it is the function of reciprocal influence among several human and non-human actors. Furthermore, it is argued that control can be interpreted as not inherent in organizational structures or hierarchies, but locally embedded among actors in the decision making process.},
	keywords = {gentoo, linux},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/osterlie77-82.pdf},
	author = {{\O}sterlie, T.}
}
@conference {132,
	title = {The influence of network governance factors on success in open source software development projects},
	booktitle = {Twenty-Fifth International Conference on Information Systems},
	year = {2004},
	pages = {427{\textendash}438},
	address = {Washington, DC},
	author = {Glen W. Sagers}
}
@proceedings {1194,
	title = {Inside an Open Source Software Community: Empirical Analysis on Individual and Group Level},
	year = {2004},
	pages = {65-70},
	abstract = {An established Open Source Software community (Apache Cocoon) was explored using an online questionnaire about demographic data and individual and	group-related	factors.	Individual	factors encompassed forms of contributions, motivation, expertise and knowledge. Role structures, expectations towards other members, trust and collaboration issues were analysed at group level. More than 60\% of the developer community completed this questionnaire. Results provide a valuable basis for deeper understanding of knowledge sharing, collaboration and innovation processes in distributed work groups.},
	keywords = {apache, Survey},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/maass66-71.pdf},
	author = {Maass, W.}
}
@article {flosswp194,
	title = {Internet Research: Privacy, Ethics and Alienation ? An Open Source Approach},
	year = {2004},
	month = {December},
	abstract = {This paper examines some of the ethical problems involved in undertaking Internet research and draws on historical accounts as well as contemporary studies to offer an analysis of the issues raised. It argues that privacy is a misleading and confusing concept to apply to the Internet, and that the concept of non-alienation is more resourceful in addressing the many ethical issues surrounding Internet research. Using this as a basis, the paper then investigates the Free/Libre and Open Source research model and argues for the principles of ?open source ethics? in researching the online world, which includes a participatory and democratic research method.},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/berry2.pdf},
	author = {David M. Berry}
}
@article {flosswp183,
	title = {Intrinsic Motivation in Open Source Software Development},
	year = {2004},
	month = {September},
	abstract = {This papers sheds light on the puzzling evidence that even though open source software (OSS) is a public good, it is developed for free by highly qualified, young and motivated individuals, and evolves at a rapid pace. We show that once OSS development is understood as the private provision of a public good, these features emerge quite naturally. We adapt a dynamic private-provision-of-public-goods model to reflect key aspects of the OSS phenomenon. In particular, instead of relying on extrinsic motives for programmers (e.g. signaling) the present model is driven by intrinsic motives of OSS programmers, such as user-programmers, play value or homo ludens payoff, and gift culture benefits. Such intrinsic motives feature extensively in the wider OSS literature and contribute new insights to the economic analysis.},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/bitzerschrettlschroder.pdf},
	author = {Jurgen Bitzer}
}
@article {69,
	title = {The identity crisis within the IS discipline: Defining and communicating the discipline{\textquoteright}s core properties},
	journal = {MIS Quarterly},
	volume = {27},
	number = {2},
	year = {2003},
	pages = {183{\textendash}194},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/westdedrick.pdf},
	author = {Izak Benbasat and Robert W. Zmud}
}
@proceedings {1182,
	title = {Improving Verification, Validation, and Test of the Linux Kernel: the Linux Stabilization Project},
	year = {2003},
	pages = {133-136},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/133-136.pdf},
	author = {Craig Thomas}
}
@article {flosswp108,
	title = {The Individual and the Collective in Open Information Communities},
	year = {2003},
	month = {August},
	abstract = {This paper is the written version of an invited talk at the 16th Bled Electronic Conference, Slovenija, June 2003. The text focuses on 2 critical issues for open information communities: how lowering transactions costs linked to becoming an active contributor is an essential factor for their success; and how free (as in freedom) licenses enable new forms of relationships between the individual and the collective. I bring some evidence that this permits to overcome some of the traditional limitations of commons in the physical world. The analysis uses as examples the free Wiki-based encyclopedia Wikipedia and the peer-reviewed free encyclopedia Nupedia, the Slashdot technical news community (commercial), and Web sites using the SPIP free co-operative publishing software.},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/aigrain3.pdf},
	author = {Philippe Aigrain}
}
@article {flosswp131,
	title = {Intellectual Property, Open Source and Free Software},
	year = {2003},
	month = {April},
	abstract = {The notion of intellectual property is used in order to create digital commodities. While the commodification of code is useful for certain kinds of knowledge intesive work (the Taylorist forms), it severely disrupts other types of knowledge creation. Applying Scott Lash{\textquoteright}s division of knowledge creation into organisational and disorganisational types, we also gain insight into the different positions towards IP held by different wings of the FOSS community.},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/vaden.pdf},
	author = {Tere Vad{\'e}n}
}
@article {flosswp85,
	title = {An Introduction to Open Source Communities},
	year = {2003},
	month = {04/2003},
	institution = {Blue Oxen Associates},
	abstract = {This report describes what open source communities are and how they work. It cites relevant research and presents original case studies of two open source projects: TouchGraph and SquirrelMail. It then identifies patterns of collaboration shared by these projects, and describes how these patterns might apply to other types of communities. Finally, it reviews what is still not well understood about open source communities, and proposes several paths for further research.},
	keywords = {free software foundation directory, freshmeat, fsf, sourceforge, squirrelmail, touchgraph},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/blueoxen.pdf},
	author = {Eugene Eric Kim}
}
@proceedings {1180,
	title = {Issues and Experiences in Modeling Open Source Software Development Processes},
	year = {2003},
	pages = {121-125},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/121-125.pdf},
	author = {Walt Scacchi}
}
@proceedings {1171,
	title = {Issues in Implementing an Open Source-based XML Repository Manager for Application Maintenance and Adaptation},
	year = {2003},
	pages = {57-62},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/57-62.pdf},
	author = {Galatscu, A. and Florian, V. and Costea, L. and Conescu, D.}
}
@article {flosswp23,
	title = {Institutional Entrepreneurship in the Sponsorship of Common Technological Standards: The Case of SUN Microsystems and Java},
	year = {2002},
	month = {January},
	abstract = {Institutional entrepreneurship implicit in a firm{\textquoteright}s sponsorship of its technology as a common standard is beset by several challenges. These challenges arise from a standard{\textquoteright}s property to enable and constrain even as potential competitors agree to cooperate on its creation. Our exploration of Sun Microsystems{\textquoteright}s sponsorship of its Java technology suggests that standards-in-the-making generate seeds of self-destruction. Our study also identifies the social and political skills that a sponsor deploys to address these challenges.},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/sunjavagarud1.pdf},
	author = {Raghu Garud}
}
@article {flosswp46,
	title = {Innovating without Money: Linux and the Open Source Paradigm as an Alternative to Commercial Software Development},
	year = {2001},
	month = {August},
	abstract = {This dissertation analyses two different paradigms used for the development of a operating systems by Microsoft Corporation and the Linux Community. Through the observation of the strategies and methodologies used by these actors in their work, and taking into account the constraints to which they are subject, assesses, from a dynamic perspective, the relative strengths and weaknesses of their competing paradigms. A theoretical model based on Giovanni Dosi?s "Technological Paradigms" framework, incorporating institutional, industrial, social and cultural aspects, is constructed and specifically adapted to the software industry case. The private management of technology issues considered during the analysis of the development processes inside different organisations are linked to questions having to do with the evolution of high technology, networked, markets.},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/mateos.pdf},
	author = {Mateos Garcia, Juan}
}
@conference {1148,
	title = {Introducing a {\textquotedblleft}Street Fair{\textquotedblright} Open source Practice Within Project Based Software Engineering Courses},
	booktitle = {1st Workshop on Open Source Software Engineering at ICSE 2001},
	year = {2001},
	abstract = {Columbia University and USC, as well as many other universities, have software engineering courses where students work in small teams to develop a product of moderate complexity. Typically such efforts are {\textquotedblleft}closed source{\textquotedblright} where teams do not (or are forbidden) from sharing information and providing assistance to other teams. There are certainly many justifiable reasons for this such as grading uniformity. Yet strong drivers such as grade competition, generally thought to promote quality results (i.e. successful projects), often do not. The authors ran an experiment introducing a style of open source practice called {\textquotedblleft}street fair{\textquotedblright} with surprisingly positive results.},
	keywords = {education, educational resources},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/portkaiser.pdf},
	author = {Port, D. and Kaiser, G.}
}
@article {flosswp12,
	title = {Internet Innovation and Open Source: Actors in the Network},
	year = {2000},
	month = {November},
	abstract = {The paper analyzes the growth and development of the Linux community and demonstrates how it evolves into an ecology of community-centered practices.},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/Ilkka\%2520Tuomi\%2520-\%2520Actors\%2520in\%2520the\%2520Network.pdf},
	author = {Ilkka Tuomi}
}
