@inbook {Kalliamvakou2016,
	title = {Certification of Open Source Software {\textendash} A Scoping Review},
	booktitle = {Open Source Systems: Integrating Communities: 12th IFIP WG 2.13 International Conference, OSS 2016, Gothenburg, Sweden, May 30 - June 2, 2016, Proceedings},
	year = {2016},
	pages = {111{\textendash}122},
	publisher = {Springer International Publishing},
	organization = {Springer International Publishing},
	chapter = {Certification of Open Source Software {\textendash} A Scoping Review},
	address = {Cham},
	abstract = {Open source software (OSS) systems are being used for increasingly critical functions in modern societies, e.g., in health care, finance, government, defense, and other safety and security sensitive sectors. There is an increasing interest in software certification as a means to assure quality and dependability of such systems. However, the development processes and organizational structures of OSS projects can be substantially different from traditional closed-source projects. The distributed, {\textquotedblleft}bazaar-style{\textquotedblright} approach to software development in OSS systems is often perceived incompatible with certification. This paper presents the results of a scoping review on certification in OSS systems in order to identify and categorize key issues and provide a comprehensive overview of the current evidence on this topic.
},
	isbn = {978-3-319-39225-7},
	doi = {10.1007/978-3-319-39225-7_9},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-39225-7_9},
	author = {Kalliamvakou, Eirini and Weber, Jens and Knauss, Alessia},
	editor = {Kevin Crowston and Hammouda, Imed and Lundell, Bj{\"o}rn and Gregorio Robles and Gamalielsson, Jonas and Juho Lindman}
}
@inbook {Murphy2016,
	title = {Classifying Organizational Adoption of Open Source Software: A Proposal},
	booktitle = {Open Source Systems: Integrating Communities: 12th IFIP WG 2.13 International Conference, OSS 2016, Gothenburg, Sweden, May 30 - June 2, 2016, Proceedings},
	year = {2016},
	pages = {123{\textendash}133},
	publisher = {Springer International Publishing},
	organization = {Springer International Publishing},
	chapter = {Classifying Organizational Adoption of Open Source Software: A Proposal},
	address = {Cham},
	abstract = {Staged adoption models are a common feature of information systems (IS) adoption literature, yet these are rarely used in open source software (OSS) adoption studies. In this paper, a staged model for classifying the organizational adoption of OSS is proposed, based upon a critical review of existing staged adoption models and factors identified from OSS adoption literature. Innovations in the proposed model include: defined transition pathways between stages, additional stages and a decomposition of cessation of use into four distinct pathways.
},
	isbn = {978-3-319-39225-7},
	doi = {10.1007/978-3-319-39225-7_10},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-39225-7_10},
	author = {Murphy, Stephen and Cox, Sharon},
	editor = {Kevin Crowston and Hammouda, Imed and Lundell, Bj{\"o}rn and Gregorio Robles and Gamalielsson, Jonas and Juho Lindman}
}
@inbook {Harzl2016,
	title = {Combining FOSS and Kanban: An Action Research},
	booktitle = {Open Source Systems: Integrating Communities: 12th IFIP WG 2.13 International Conference, OSS 2016, Gothenburg, Sweden, May 30 - June 2, 2016, Proceedings},
	year = {2016},
	pages = {71{\textendash}84},
	publisher = {Springer International Publishing},
	organization = {Springer International Publishing},
	chapter = {Combining FOSS and Kanban: An Action Research},
	address = {Cham},
	abstract = {Even though Free and Open Source Software (FOSS) and Agile Software Development (ASD) have been recognized as important ways to develop software, share some similarities, and have many success stories, there is a lack of research regarding the comprehensive integration of both practices. This study attempts to consolidate these methods and to answer if FOSS and ASD can be combined successfully. Action Reseach (AR) is conducted with one sub-team of a large FOSS project. We performed two action research cycles based on the Kanban method. This paper has two main contributions; first, it describes a real world situation, where Kanban is applied to a FOSS project, and second, it suggests two new Kanban practices. These two methods are targeted specifically at FOSS projects and their characteristics.
},
	isbn = {978-3-319-39225-7},
	doi = {10.1007/978-3-319-39225-7_6},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-39225-7_6},
	author = {Harzl, Annemarie},
	editor = {Kevin Crowston and Hammouda, Imed and Lundell, Bj{\"o}rn and Gregorio Robles and Gamalielsson, Jonas and Juho Lindman}
}
@inbook {Crowston2016,
	title = {Core-Periphery Communication and the Success of Free/Libre Open Source Software Projects},
	booktitle = {Open Source Systems: Integrating Communities: 12th IFIP WG 2.13 International Conference, OSS 2016, Gothenburg, Sweden, May 30 - June 2, 2016, Proceedings},
	year = {2016},
	pages = {45{\textendash}56},
	publisher = {Springer International Publishing},
	organization = {Springer International Publishing},
	address = {Cham},
	abstract = {We examine the relationship between communications by core and peripheral members and Free/Libre Open Source Software project success. The study uses data from 74 projects in the Apache Software Foundation Incubator. We conceptualize project success in terms of success building a community, as assessed by graduation from the Incubator. We compare successful and unsuccessful projects on volume of communication by core (committer) and peripheral community members and on use of inclusive pronouns as an indication of efforts to create intimacy among team members. An innovation of the paper is that use of inclusive pronouns is measured using natural language processing techniques. We find that core and peripheral members differ in their volume of contribution and in their use of inclusive pronouns, and that volume of communication is related to project success.
},
	isbn = {978-3-319-39225-7},
	doi = {10.1007/978-3-319-39225-7_4},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-39225-7_4},
	author = {Kevin Crowston and Shamshurin, Ivan},
	editor = {Kevin Crowston and Hammouda, Imed and Lundell, Bj{\"o}rn and Gregorio Robles and Gamalielsson, Jonas and Juho Lindman}
}
@proceedings {1774,
	title = {Characterization and prediction of issue-related risks in software projects},
	year = {2015},
	month = {05/2015},
	publisher = {IEEE},
	abstract = {Identifying risks relevant to a software project and
planning measures to deal with them are critical to the success
of the project. Current practices in risk assessment mostly rely
on high-level, generic guidance or the subjective judgements
of experts. In this paper, we propose a novel approach to
risk assessment using historical data associated with a software
project. Specifically, our approach identifies patterns of past
events that caused project delays, and uses this knowledge to
identify risks in the current state of the project. A set of risk
factors characterizing {\textquotedblleft}risky{\textquotedblright} software tasks (in the form of
issues) were extracted from five open source projects: Apache,
Duraspace, JBoss, Moodle, and Spring. In addition, we performed
feature selection using a sparse logistic regression model to
select risk factors with good discriminative power. Based on
these risk factors, we built predictive models to predict if an
issue will cause a project delay. Our predictive models are able
to predict both the risk impact (i.e. the extend of the delay)
and the likelihood of a risk occurring. The evaluation results
demonstrate the effectiveness of our predictive models, achieving
on average 48\%{\textendash}81\% precision, 23\%{\textendash}90\% recall, 29\%{\textendash}71\%
F-measure, and 70\%{\textendash}92\% Area Under the ROC Curve. Our
predictive models also have low error rates: 0.39{\textendash}0.75 for Macroaveraged
Mean Cost-Error and and 0.7{\textendash}1.2 for Macro-averaged
Mean Absolute Error},
	url = {http://www.uow.edu.au/~hoa/papers/msr-2015-preprint.pdf},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/msr-2015-preprint.pdf},
	author = {Morakot Choetkiertikul and Dam, Hoa Khanh and Truyen Tran and Aditya Ghose}
}
@inbook {1619,
	title = {The Census of the Brazilian Open-Source Community},
	booktitle = {Open Source Software: Mobile Open Source Technologies},
	series = {IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology},
	volume = {427},
	year = {2014},
	pages = {202-211},
	publisher = {Springer Berlin Heidelberg},
	organization = {Springer Berlin Heidelberg},
	abstract = {

During a long time, software engineering research has been trying to better understand open-source communities and uncover two fundamental questions: (i) who are the contributors and (i) why they contribute. Most of these researches focus on well-known OSS projects, but little is known about the OSS movement in emerging countries. In this paper, we attempt to fill this gap by presenting a picture of the Brazilian open-source contributor. To achieve this goal, we examined activities from more than 12,400 programmers on Github, during the period of a year. Subsequently, we correlate our findings with a survey that was answered by more than 1,000 active contributors. Our results show that exists an OSS trend in Brazil: most part of the contributors are active, performing around 30 contributions per year, and they contribute to OSS basically by altruism.
},
	keywords = {Brazilian OSS Community, github, OSS},
	isbn = {978-3-642-55127-7},
	doi = {10.1007/978-3-642-55128-4_30},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-55128-4_30},
	author = {Pinto, Gustavo and Kamei, Fernando},
	editor = {Corral, Luis and Sillitti, Alberto and Succi, Giancarlo and Vlasenko, Jelena and Wasserman, AnthonyI.}
}
@book {1591,
	title = {Code Review Analytics: WebKit as Case Study},
	series = {IFIP Advances in Information and Communication TechnologyOpen Source Software: Mobile Open Source Technologies. 10th IFIP WG 2.13 International Conference on Open Source Systems, OSS 2014, San Jos{\'e}, Costa Rica, May 6-9, 2014. Proceedings},
	volume = {427},
	year = {2014},
	pages = {1 - 10},
	publisher = {Springer Berlin Heidelberg},
	organization = {Springer Berlin Heidelberg},
	address = {Berlin, Heidelberg},
	abstract = {During the last years, most of the large free / open source software projects have included code review as an usual, or even mandatory practice for changes to their code. In many cases it is implemented as a process in which a developer proposing some change needs to ask for a review by another developer before it can enter the code base. Code reviews, therefore, become a critical process for the project, which could cause delays in contributions being accepted, and risk to become a bottleneck if not enough reviewers are available. In this paper we present a methodology designed to analyze the code review process, to determine its main characteristics and parameters, and to detect potential problems with it. We also present how we have applied this methodology to the WebKit project, learning about the main characteristics of how code review works in their case.},
	isbn = {978-3-642-55128-4},
	issn = {1868-422X},
	doi = {10.1007/978-3-642-55128-4_1},
	author = {Gonz{\'a}lez-Barahona, Jes{\'u}s M. and Izquierdo-Cort{\'a}zar, Daniel and Gregorio Robles and Mario Gallegos},
	editor = {Corral, Luis and Sillitti, Alberto and Succi, Giancarlo and Vlasenko, Jelena and Wasserman, Anthony I.}
}
@article {9400325220140301,
	title = {COLLABORATION THROUGH OPEN SUPERPOSITION: A THEORY OF THE OPEN SOURCE WAY.},
	journal = {MIS Quarterly},
	volume = {38},
	number = {1},
	year = {2014},
	pages = {29 - A9},
	abstract = {This paper develops and illustrates the theory of collaboration through open superposition: the process of depositing motivationally independent layers of work on top of each other over time. The theory is developed in a study of community-based free and open source software (FLOSS) development, through a research arc of discovery (participant observation), replication (two archival case studies), and theorization. The theory explains two key findings: (1) the overwhelming majority of work is accomplished with only a single programmer working on any one task, and (2) tasks that appear too large for any one individual are more likely to be deferred until they are easier rather than being undertaken through structured team work. Moreover, the theory explains how working through open superposition can lead to the discovery of a work breakdown that results in complex, functionally interdependent, work being accomplished without crippling search costs. We identify a set of socio-technical},
	keywords = {COLLABORATION, COMPUTER programmers, COMPUTER programming, COMPUTER software, coordination, FREEWARE (Computer software), INFORMATION storage \& retrieval systems, open source software, research, socio-technical system},
	issn = {02767783},
	author = {Howison, James and Kevin Crowston}
}
@inbook {1606,
	title = {Considerations Regarding the Creation of a Post-graduate Master{\textquoteright}s Degree in Free Software},
	booktitle = {Open Source Software: Mobile Open Source Technologies},
	series = {IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology},
	volume = {427},
	year = {2014},
	pages = {123-132},
	publisher = {Springer Berlin Heidelberg},
	organization = {Springer Berlin Heidelberg},
	abstract = {

Free software has gained importance over the last few years, and can be found in almost any sphere in which {\textquoteleft}software processes{\textquoteright} are important. However, even when universities and higher education establishments include subjects concerning free programming and technologies in their curriculums, their graduates tend to attain limited technological, organisational and philosophical knowledge that limits them as regards their participation in, management and development of free software projects. This gap in skills and knowledge has recently led to a series of post-graduate studies whose objective is to offer students the possibility of acquiring competencies that will allow them to become experts in free software. This paper presents a study concerning the offers for post-graduate studies in free software that currently exist, with the intention of creating similar post-graduate studies in Ecuador.
},
	isbn = {978-3-642-55127-7},
	doi = {10.1007/978-3-642-55128-4_17},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-55128-4_17},
	author = {Montes Le{\'o}n, SergioRa{\'u}l and Gregorio Robles and Gonz{\'a}lez-Barahona, Jes{\'u}sM. and S{\'a}nchez C., LuisE.},
	editor = {Corral, Luis and Sillitti, Alberto and Succi, Giancarlo and Vlasenko, Jelena and Wasserman, AnthonyI.}
}
@inbook {1605,
	title = {Crafting a Systematic Literature Review on Open-Source Platforms},
	booktitle = {Open Source Software: Mobile Open Source Technologies},
	series = {IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology},
	volume = {427},
	year = {2014},
	pages = {113-122},
	publisher = {Springer Berlin Heidelberg},
	organization = {Springer Berlin Heidelberg},
	abstract = {

This working paper unveils the crafting of a systematic literature review on open-source platforms. The high-competitive mobile devices market, where several players such as Apple, Google, Nokia and Microsoft run a platforms- war with constant shifts in their technological strategies, is gaining increasing attention from scholars. It matters, then, to review previous literature on past platforms-wars, such as the ones from the PC and game-console industries, and assess its implications to the current mobile devices platforms-war. The paper starts by justifying the purpose and rationale behind this literature review on open-source platforms. The concepts of open-source software and computer-based platforms were then discussed both individually and in unison, in order to clarify the core-concept of {\textquotedblleft}open-source platform{\textquotedblright} that guides this literature review. The detailed design of the employed methodological strategy is then presented as the central part of this paper. The paper concludes with preliminary findings organizing previous literature on open-source platforms for the purpose of guiding future research in this area.
},
	keywords = {Ecosystems, FLOSS, open-source, Platforms, R\&D Management},
	isbn = {978-3-642-55127-7},
	doi = {10.1007/978-3-642-55128-4_16},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-55128-4_16},
	author = {Teixeira, Jose and Baiyere, Abayomi},
	editor = {Corral, Luis and Sillitti, Alberto and Succi, Giancarlo and Vlasenko, Jelena and Wasserman, AnthonyI.}
}
@conference {1694,
	title = {Cream of the crop},
	booktitle = {The International SymposiumProceedings of The International Symposium on Open Collaboration - OpenSym {\textquoteright}14},
	year = {2014},
	pages = {1 - 10},
	publisher = {ACM Press},
	organization = {ACM Press},
	address = {Berlin, GermanyNew York, New York, USA},
	abstract = {In open content communities like Wikipedia and StackOverflow and in open source software projects, a small proportion of users produce a majority of the content and take on much of the required community maintenance work. Understanding this class of users is crucial to creating and sustaining healthy communities. We carried out a mixed-method study of core contributors to the Cyclopath geographic wiki and bicycle routing web site. We present our findings and organize our discussion using concepts from activity theory. We found that the Cyclopath core contributors aren{\textquoteright}t the dedicated cyclists and that the characteristics of the community shape the site, the rules, and the tools for contributing. Additionally, we found that numerous aspects about the surrounding ecology of related systems and communities may help to shape how the site functions and views itself. We draw implications for future research and design from these findings.
},
	isbn = {9781450330169},
	doi = {10.1145/2641580.2641609},
	author = {Katherine Panciera and Mikhil Masli and Loren Terveen}
}
@inbook {1620,
	title = {Cuban GNU/Linux Nova Distribution for Server Computers},
	booktitle = {Open Source Software: Mobile Open Source Technologies},
	series = {IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology},
	volume = {427},
	year = {2014},
	pages = {212-215},
	publisher = {Springer Berlin Heidelberg},
	organization = {Springer Berlin Heidelberg},
	abstract = {

This article presents the novelties offered by the new version of GNU / Linux Nova distribution in its server edition, exposing the new features such as network attached storage, distributed files system, charge balance for PostgreSQL database servers and thin clients, as well as the basic features of a standard server. All these developments are obtained from the integration with the server management platform Zentyal designed to facilitate the work of the end users of the variant of this Cuban distribution.
},
	isbn = {978-3-642-55127-7},
	doi = {10.1007/978-3-642-55128-4_31},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-55128-4_31},
	author = {Rosales Rosa, Eugenio and Fuentes Rodr{\'\i}guez, JuanManuel and F{\'\i}rvida Don{\'e}stevez, AbelAlfonso and Garc{\'\i}a Rivas, Dairelys},
	editor = {Corral, Luis and Sillitti, Alberto and Succi, Giancarlo and Vlasenko, Jelena and Wasserman, AnthonyI.}
}
@conference {587,
	title = {Challenges of the Open Source Component Marketplace in the Industry},
	booktitle = {OSS2009: Open Source Ecosystems: Diverse Communities Interacting (IFIP 2.13)},
	series = {IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology },
	year = {2009},
	month = {2009///},
	pages = {213 - 224},
	publisher = {Springer},
	organization = {Springer},
	chapter = {19},
	abstract = {The reuse of Open Source Software components available on the Internet is playing a major role in the development of Component Based Software Systems. Nevertheless, the special nature of the OSS marketplace has taken the {\textquotedblleft}classical{\textquotedblright} concept of software reuse based on centralized repositories to a completely different arena based on massive reuse over Internet. In this paper we provide an overview of the actual state of the OSS marketplace, and report preliminary findings about how companies interact with this marketplace to reuse OSS components. Such data was gathered from interviews in software companies in Spain and Norway. Based on these results we identify some challenges aimed to improve the industrial reuse of OSS components.
},
	issn = {978-3-642-02031-5},
	doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-02032-2_19},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/Challenges\%20of\%20the\%20Open\%20Source.pdf},
	author = {Ayala, Claudia and Hauge, {\O}yvind and Conradi, Reidar and Franch, Xavier and Li, Jingyue and Velle, Ketil}
}
@article {1344,
	title = {Collaboration in Open Source Domains},
	journal = {International Journal of Open Source Software and Processes},
	volume = {1},
	year = {2009},
	pages = {17 - 28},
	abstract = {Free and open source software (F/OSS) developers have a tendency to build feature-centric projects rather than following a user-centered design, ignoring the necessity of usability in the resulting product. While there are many reasons behind this, the main cause can be stated as the lack of awareness of usability from developers{\textquoteright} point of view and little interaction of project stakeholders with Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) studies. This chapter examines different types of collaboration methods of usability experts and developers focusing particularly on open source projects, together with potential issues envisaged during the communication phases. The chapter also focuses on the collaboration trends and patterns of HCI experts, developers and users with an emphasis on concerns related to inefficient exploitation of current tools and technologies and provide an open usability engineering method which could be exploited in distributed projects},
	issn = {1942-3934},
	doi = {10.4018/jossp.2009070102},
	author = {G{\"o}rkem {\c C}etin and G{\"o}kt{\"u}rk, Mehmet}
}
@booklet {511,
	title = {Competitive Implications of Software Open-Sourcing},
	year = {2008},
	month = {Aug},
	abstract = {This paper is concerned with the economic trade-offs associated with open-sourcing, the business strategy of releasing free open-source versions of commercial software products. The effect of the release of open-source versions on the customers{\textquoteright} perception of products is an important determinant of open-sourcing outcomes. We model open-sourcing as a strategic option for firms that compete in the market for software products. Of particular importance in our model is the effect of open-sourcing on customer values and the possibility for better customization offered by the open-source products. We show that open-sourcing can arise as an equilibrium outcome in our simple two-stage game. If the enhancement of customer values from open-sourcing is moderate or high, firms may find it optimal to release open-source versions of their products.},
	url = {http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1185374},
	author = {Jai Asundi and Octavian Carare and Kutsal Dogan}
}
@conference {1005,
	title = {Comparing Approaches to Mining Source Code for Call-Usage Patterns},
	booktitle = {Fourth International Workshop on Mining Software Repositories (MSR{\textquoteright}07:ICSE Workshops 2007)},
	year = {2007},
	pages = {20 - 20},
	publisher = {IEEE},
	organization = {IEEE},
	address = {Minneapolis, MN, USA},
	abstract = {Two approaches for mining function-call usage patterns from source code are compared. The first approach, itemset mining, has recently been applied to this problem. The other approach, sequential-pattern mining, has not been previously applied to this problem. Here, a call-usage pattern is a composition of function calls that occur in a function definition. Both approaches look for frequently occurring patterns that represent standard usage of functions and identify possible errors. Itemset mining produces unordered patterns, i.e., sets of function calls, whereas, sequential-pattern mining produces partially ordered patterns, i.e., sequences of function calls. The trade-off between the additional ordering context given by sequential-pattern mining and the efficiency of itemset mining is investigated. The two approaches are applied to the Linux kernel v2.6.14 and results show that mining ordered patterns is worth the additional cost.},
	keywords = {function calls, functions, kernel, linux, sequence, sequencing, sequential-pattern mining},
	isbn = {0-7695-2950-X},
	doi = {10.1109/MSR.2007.3},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/28300020.pdf},
	author = {Kagdi, Huzefa and Collard, Michael L. and Maletic, Jonathan I.}
}
@conference {648,
	title = {Context-Dependent Evaluation Methodology for Open Source Software},
	booktitle = {OSS2007: Open Source Development, Adoption and Innovation (IFIP 2.13)},
	series = {IFIP International Federation for Information Processing },
	volume = {234/2007},
	year = {2007},
	month = {2007///},
	pages = {301 - 306},
	publisher = {Springer},
	organization = {Springer},
	chapter = {32},
	abstract = {Many evaluation methodologies have been proposed to mitigate the risks of choosing Open Source Software as an effective solution to an enterprise{\textquoteright}s problem. This work extracts the shared traits from the most important and widely known evaluation models, and re-applies them to create a new methodology. This methodology has been designed both to be used for the creation of a common knowledge base, and to be specialized for application in the context of the particular breed of small and medium-size enterprises found on the Italian ground.
},
	issn = {978-0-387-72485-0},
	doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-72486-7_32},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/Context-Dependent\%20Evaluation.pdf},
	author = {Cabano, Michele and Monti, Cesare and Piancastelli, Giulio}
}
@conference {882,
	title = {Creating, Destroying, and Restoring Value in Wikipedia},
	booktitle = {Conference on Supporting Group Work},
	year = {2007},
	author = {Reid Priedhorsky and Jilin Chen and Shyong K. Lam and Katherine Panciera and Loren Terveen and John Riedl}
}
@article {90,
	title = {Core and periphery in Free/Libre and Open Source software team communications},
	journal = {Proceedings of the 39th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences-Volume 06},
	year = {2006},
	abstract = {The concept of the core group of developers is important and often discussed in empirical studies of FLOSS projects. This paper examines the question, "how does one empirically distinguish the core?" Being able to identify the core members of a FLOSS development project is important because many of the processes necessary for successful projects likely involve core members differently than peripheral members, so analyses that mix the two groups will likely yield invalid results. 

We compare 3 analysis approaches to identify the core: the named list of developers, a Bradford{\textquoteright}s law analysis that takes as the core the most frequent contributors and a social network analysis of the interaction pattern that identifies the core in a core-and-periphery structure. We apply these measures to the interactions around bug fixing for 116 SourceForge projects. The 3 techniques identify different individuals as core members; examination of which individuals are identified leads to suggestions for refining the measures. All 3 measures though suggest that the core of FLOSS projects is a small fraction of the total number of contributors.},
	keywords = {bug fixing, contributions, contributors, core, developers, social network analysis, sourceforge, team},
	author = {Kevin Crowston and Kangning Wei and Li, Qing and Howison, James}
}
@conference {795,
	title = {The challenges of creating open source education software: the Gild experience},
	booktitle = {OSS2005: Open Source Systems },
	year = {2005},
	pages = {338-340},
	keywords = {COMMUNITY, eclipse, learning environment, novice programmers, open source, programming environment},
	url = {http://pascal.case.unibz.it/handle/2038/1539},
	author = {Daniel M. German and Rigby, Peter and Cubranic, Davor and Storey, Margaret-Anne and Thomson, Suzanne}
}
@conference {78,
	title = {Collaboration Using OSSmole: A repository of FLOSS data and analyses},
	booktitle = {Symposium on Mining Software Repositories},
	year = {2005},
	month = {17 May},
	address = {St. Louis},
	author = {Conklin, Megan and James Howison and Kevin Crowston}
}
@conference {743,
	title = {Communication from scratch: towards accessible open source information systems},
	booktitle = {OSS2005: Open Source Systems },
	year = {2005},
	pages = {179-186},
	abstract = {This paper is intended to provide an overview of a unifying and inclusive approach to open source information systems. In this respect the paper matches the fundamental aims of the Open Source Systems (2005) Conference. This approach can be characterised as communication from scratch. Firstly, we will provide an explanation of our approach to inclusive design and consider emerging perspectives on the nature of accessibility in the wider sense. Secondly, we will introduce the concept of communication from scratch and provide an explanation of the benefits of a convergent gradualism. Thirdly we will explain how these ideas have helped to shape our understanding of open source information processing, a concept which encompasses several of the conference themes and provides a unifying interface to our earlier work on accessible system design. Lastly, we will provide some concrete examples of the communication from scratch approach (crossing several domains) and introduce, ...},
	url = {http://pascal.case.unibz.it/handle/2038/759},
	author = {Crombie, David and Lenoir, Roger and McKenzie, Neil}
}
@proceedings {89,
	title = {Coordination of Free/Libre Open Source Software development},
	year = {2005},
	note = {"The data used for the study were interactions on the main developer communication venue, either a developer mailing list or online forum"
sourceforge
},
	address = {Las Vegas, NV, USA},
	abstract = {The apparent success of free/libre open source software (FLOSS) development projects such as Linux, Apache, and many others has raised the question, what lessons from FLOSS development can be transferred to mainstream software development? In this paper, we use coordination theory to analyze coordination mechanisms in FLOSS development and compare our analysis with existing literature on coordination in proprietary software development. We examined developer interaction data from three active and successful FLOSS projects and used content analysis to identify the coordination mechanisms used by the participants. We found that there were similarities between the FLOSS groups and the reported practices of the proprietary project in the coordination mechanisms used to manage task-task dependencies. However, we found clear differences in the coordination mechanisms used to manage task-actor dependencies. While published descriptions of proprietary software development involved an elaborate system to locate the developer who owned the relevant piece of code, we found that {\textquotedblleft}self-assignment{\textquotedblright} was the most common mechanism across three FLOSS projects. This coordination mechanism is consistent with expectations for distributed and largely volunteer teams. We conclude by discussing whether these emergent practices can be usefully transferred to mainstream practice and indicating directions for future research.},
	keywords = {case study, compiere, coordination, egroupware, email, email archives, FLOSS, gaim, mailing list},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/CrowstonWeiLiEseryelHowison.pdf},
	author = {Kevin Crowston and Kangning Wei and Li, Qing and Eseryel, U. Yeliz and Howison, James}
}
@article {flosswp146,
	title = {A Comparative Study of Online User Communities Involvement In Product Innovation and Development},
	year = {2004},
	month = {February},
	abstract = {The literature lacks a conceptual understanding on how different types of online user communities can influence the product innovation and development. Therefore, this research attempts to understand this phenomenon by re-classifying the current online user communities from the perspective of product innovation and development and has resulted in five different models of user communities. We compare and discuss of the five models. Lastly, we will further discuss the deficiencies of the User Collaboration Innovation Communities, theoretically and practically, to suggest the feasibility of the research direction in the future.},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/chanlee.pdf},
	author = {Tzu-Ying Chan}
}
@conference {Crowston:2004,
	title = {Coordination practices for bug fixing within FLOSS development teams},
	booktitle = {1st International Workshop on Computer Supported Activity Coordination, 6th International Conference on Enterprise Information Systems},
	year = {2004},
	note = {"First, we chose projects for which data we need for our analysis are publicly available (not all projects allow public access to the bug tracking system). Second, we chose teams with more than 8 members...we tried to select more and less suc- cessful development teams. To this aim we used the definitions of success proposed by [9], who suggest that a project is successful if it is active, the resulting software is downloaded and used and the code matures"

"Kicq, Gaim and PhPmyAdmin were chosen" - effective
DynAPI was chosen as an example of a less effective project" 

"We collected data indicative of the success of each project, such as its level of activity, number of downloads and development status. We then collected data from the archives of the bug tracking system, the tool used to support the bug fixing process"},
	address = {Porto, Portugal},
	abstract = {Free/Libre Open Source Software (FLOSS) is primarily developed by distributed teams. Developers contribute from around the world and coordinate their activity almost exclusively by means of email and bulletin boards. FLOSS development teams some how profit from the advantages and evade the challenges of distributed software development. Despite the relevance of the FLOSS both for research and practice, few studies have investigated the work practices adopted by these development teams. In this paper we investigate the structure and the coordination practices adopted by development teams during the bug-fixing process, which is considered one of main areas of FLOSS project success. In particular, based on a codification of the messages recorded in the bug tracking system of four projects, we identify the accomplished tasks, the adopted coordination mechanisms, and the role undertaken by both the FLOSS development team and the FLOSS community. We conclude with suggestions for further research.},
	keywords = {activity, bug fixing, bug reports, bug tracker, coordination, downloads, dynapi, FLOSS, gaim, kicq, phpmyadmin, status},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/CrowstonScozzi04coordination.pdf},
	author = {Kevin Crowston and Barbara Scozzi}
}
@conference {DBLP:conf/csmr/CapiluppiLM03,
	title = {Characteristics of Open Source Projects},
	booktitle = {7th European Conference on Software Maintenance and Reengineering (CSMR{\textquoteright}03)},
	year = {2003},
	note = {"We analyze a sample of around 400 projects from a popular OS project repository. "
no pdf to confirm what projects these are or what the repository is.[ms]},
	pages = {317-},
	abstract = {Most empirical studies about Open Source (OS)projects or products are vertical and usually deal with the flagship, successful projects. There is a substantial lack of horizontal studies to shed light on the whole population of projects, including failures. This paper presents a horizontal study aimed at characterizing OS projects. We analyze a sample of around 400 projects from a popular OS project repository. Each project is characterized by a number of attributes. We analyze these attributes statically and over time. The main results show that few projects are capable of attracting a meaningful community of developers. The majority of projects is made by few (in many cases one) person with a very slow pace of evolution.},
	keywords = {evolution, project success, repository},
	author = {Capiluppi, Andrea and Patricia Lago and Maurizio Morisio}
}
@article {flosswp109,
	title = {Code, Coding and Coded Perspectives},
	year = {2003},
	month = {January},
	abstract = {Building on computer science I consider code (as opposed to the Web, an instantiation of code) as a new technology of communication. Using the historical and sociological analyses of others, which have examined the results of print on perspectives and society, I offer four scenarios for the results of code. The four scenarios focus on the results of code on quantitative thought: the divergence of scientific perspective with popular reasoning resulting in reduced innovation; a broad-based popular explosion in innovation expanding the basis of reasoning; cypto-anarchy with those empowered by science corrupted with the power; and a loss of certainty of information with a return to tribalism. The last suggests a new era of ignorance, a moment in modern Dark Ages {\textendash} in that an excess of the light of information causes blindness as effectively as its absence. The openness of code is a determinant in the resulting social structure.},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/aoir.html},
	author = {L. Jean Camp}
}
@conference {1153,
	title = {Characterizing the OSS process},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2nd ICSE Workshop on Open Source},
	year = {2002},
	note = {"We have considered two well-known Open Source portals (FreshMeat [1] and SourceForge [2] )."
"Using pseudo-random sampling we have selected a sample of 400 projects (mostly from FreshMeat). Each project is described by several variables (programming language, type of license, size of source code, type of documentation available and others). By indirect means (analysis of the Changelog file, or CVS) it is also possible to compute the number of people working on the project, and the number of external contributors. From FreshMeat we get both a vitality index, that considers the number of releases per time period, and a popularity index, which is a first measure of the interest of users to the project (project URL hits, mixed with subscriptions to it)."},
	abstract = {The Open Source model of software development has gained the attention of both the business, the practitioners{\textquoteright} and the research communities. The Open Source process has been described by the seminal paper by Eric Raymond [4] and [5]. However, sound empirical studies are still very limited [3], [6].
Our goal is to investigate the OS process by empirical means, to analyze, characterize it, and possibly model it with quantitative models. It should be noted that the Open Source process provides open process and product data, and therefore is a rare opportunity for empirical research.
Our initial research focus is on the characterization of the process, starting from the evolution of OS projects. In traditional projects, a significant number of releases in a short time is usually considered an instability factor [7] and [8], while in the OSS community, it is an evidence of vitality, shows the commitment of the authors and the power of attraction of other programmers [9]. Is it possible to characterize the vitality of projects? And, can vitality be traced to some other characteristics of a project?},
	keywords = {bugs, change log, classification, cvs, downloads, freshmeat, metadata, patches, popularity, project success, release history, sourceforge, vitality},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/CapiluppiLagoMorisio.pdf},
	author = {Capiluppi, Andrea and Patricia Lago and Maurizio Morisio}
}
