@proceedings {1501,
	title = {The Impact of Tangled Code Changes},
	year = {2013},
	month = {05/2013},
	abstract = {When interacting with version control systems, developers often commit unrelated or loosely related code changes
in a single transaction. When analyzing the version history, such
tangled changes will make all changes to all modules appear
related, possibly compromising the resulting analyses through
noise and bias. In an investigation of five open-source JAVA
projects, we found up to 15\% of all bug fixes to consist of multiple
tangled changes. Using a multi-predictor approach to untangle
changes, we show that on average at least 16.6\% of all source
files are incorrectly associated with bug reports. We recommend
better change organization to limit the impact of tangled changes.},
	keywords = {bias, data quality, history, java, mining software repositories, noise, tangled code changes, version control},
	url = {http://www.kim-herzig.de/wp-content/uploads/2013/03/msr2013-untangling.pdf},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/msr2013-untangling.pdf},
	author = {Kim Herzig and Zeller, Andreas}
}
@proceedings {1289,
	title = {Cliff Walls: An Analysis of Monolithic Commits Using Latent Dirichlet Allocation},
	year = {2011},
	note = {"Our data set consists of the version control logs of almost 10,000 projects from SourceForge, acquired in late 2006"},
	month = {10/2011},
	pages = {282-298},
	publisher = {Springer},
	abstract = {Artifact-based research provides a mechanism whereby researchers may study the creation of software yet avoid many of the difficulties of direct observation and experimentation. However, there are still many challenges that can affect the quality of artifact-based studies, especially those studies examining software evolution. Large commits, which we refer to as {\textquotedblleft}Cliff Walls,{\textquotedblright} are one significant threat to studies of software evolution because they do not appear to represent incremental development. We used Latent Dirichlet Allocation to extract topics from over 2 million commit log messages, taken from 10,000 SourceForge projects. The topics generated through this method were then analyzed to determine the causes of over 9,000 of the largest commits. We found that branch merges, code imports, and auto-generated documentation were significant causes of large commits. We also found that corrective maintenance tasks, such as bug fixes, did not play a significant role in the creation of large commits.},
	keywords = {artifacts, commit, cvs, LDA, lines of code, log files, scm, sloc, sourceforge, version control},
	author = {Pratt, Landon J. and MacLean, Alexander C. and Knutson, Charles D. and Ringger, Eric K.}
}
@conference {953,
	title = {When process data quality affects the number of bugs: Correlations in software engineering datasets},
	booktitle = {2010 7th IEEE Working Conference on Mining Software Repositories (MSR 2010)2010 7th IEEE Working Conference on Mining Software Repositories (MSR 2010)},
	year = {2010},
	pages = {62 - 71},
	publisher = {IEEE},
	organization = {IEEE},
	address = {Cape Town, South Africa},
	abstract = {Software engineering process information extracted from version control systems and bug tracking databases are widely used in empirical software engineering. In prior work, we showed that these data are plagued by quality deficiencies, which vary in its characteristics across projects. In addition, we showed that those deficiencies in the form of bias do impact the results of studies in empirical software engineering. While these findings affect software engineering researchers the impact on practitioners has not yet been substantiated. In this paper we, therefore, explore (i) if the process data quality and characteristics have an influence on the bug fixing process and (ii) if the process quality as measured by the process data has an influence on the product (i.e., software) quality. Specifically, we analyze six Open Source as well as two Closed Source projects and show that process data quality and characteristics have an impact on the bug fixing process: the high rate of empty commit messages in Eclipse, for example, correlates with the bug report quality. We also show that the product quality - measured by number of bugs reported - is affected by process data quality measures. These findings have the potential to prompt practitioners to increase the quality of their software process and its associated data quality.},
	keywords = {apache, bug reports, eclipse, gnome, log files, mozilla, netbeans, openoffice.org, version control},
	isbn = {978-1-4244-6802-7},
	doi = {10.1109/MSR.2010.5463286},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/62bachmann-msr10.pdf},
	author = {Bachmann, Adrian and Bernstein, Abraham}
}
@conference {839,
	title = {Amassing and indexing a large sample of version control systems: towards the census of public source code history},
	booktitle = {6th IEEE Working Conference on Mining Software Repositories},
	year = {2009},
	note = {Related work: "For example, FLOSSMole [8]
collects the list of projects and their metadata from SourceForge,
FreshMeat, Free Software Foundation (FSF), RubyForge,
and ObjectWeb. "

"The list of
home pages from open source directories such as FSF or
FLOSSMole could provide a focused set of web pages for
the search"

"To get the list of projects for SourceForge we used
FLOSSMole project [8] that collects the list of SourceForge
projects and their metadata. We use project ID, because it
was used to specify the VCS URL within the SourceForge
repository."},
	month = {May 16{\textendash}17},
	abstract = {The source code and its history represent the output and process of software development activities and are an in- valuable resource for study and improvement of software development practice. While individual projects and groups of projects have been extensively analyzed, some fundamental questions, such as the spread of innovation or genealogy of the source code, can be answered only by considering the entire universe of publicly available source code and its history. We describe methods we developed over the last six years to gather, index, and update an approximation of such a universal repository for publicly accessible version control systems and for the source code inside a large corporation. While challenging, the task is achievable with limited resources. The bottlenecks in network bandwidth, processing, and disk access can be dealt with using inherent parallelism of the tasks and suitable tradeoffs between the amount of storage and computations, but a completely automated discovery of public version control systems may require enticing participation of the sampled projects. Such universal repository would allow studies of global properties and origins of the source code that are not possible through other means.},
	keywords = {bazaar, cvs, flossmole, git, mercurial, source code, sourceforge, subversion, version control},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/11amassing.pdf},
	author = {Audris Mockus}
}
@conference {Orsila:2009:TIO:1527033.1527037,
	title = {Trust issues in open source software development},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the Warm Up Workshop for ACM/IEEE ICSE 2010},
	series = {WUP {\textquoteright}09},
	year = {2009},
	note = {"We have selected two highly reusable libraries, zlib and FFmpeg. The software repository of the projects were downloaded, but mining the information is not an easy task and we considered various sources {\textemdash} such as bug reports, mailing lists, IRC conversations, and source code comments {\textemdash} in addition to the revision history. "},
	pages = {9{\textendash}12},
	publisher = {ACM},
	organization = {ACM},
	address = {New York, NY, USA},
	abstract = {Open source software and the associated development model holds great promise, but the issue of trust is a major challenge. This applies to companies wishing to adopt the open source model but also within open source projects. We investigate this issue by data mining open source repositories to study two related phenomena: update propagation and distributed version control.},
	keywords = {ffmpeg, trust, version control, zlib},
	isbn = {978-1-60558-565-9},
	doi = {10.1145/1527033.1527037},
	url = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1527033.1527037},
	author = {Orsila, Heikki and Geldenhuys, Jaco and Ruokonen, Anna and Hammouda, Imed}
}
@article {denBesten2008316,
	title = {The allocation of collaborative efforts in open-source software},
	journal = {Information Economics and Policy},
	volume = {20},
	number = {4},
	year = {2008},
	note = {"we have selected a set of 10 large open-source projects"
apache, cvs, gaim, gcc, ghostscript, mozilla, netbsd, openssh, postgresql, python
"Our data were extracted from logs of development activity generated by software version control systems. For each project in the selection, we extracted CVS development logs"
"We notably computed for each file in the sample, and for each month in its history, the number of distinct maintainers that had committed a change during that month, and the number of commits, the blocks of code addition, each file had received during that month."
"other variables used in the regressions are proxies for the size, age, and granularity of files; the size of a file is represented as its number of lines of code (LOCs), its age by its creation date (Youth), and its granularity by the number of functions it contains."},
	pages = {316 - 322},
	abstract = {The article investigates the allocation of collaborative efforts among core developers (maintainers) of open-source software by analyzing on-line development traces (logs) for a set of 10 large projects. Specifically, we investigate whether the division of labor within open-source projects is influenced by characteristics of software code. We suggest that the collaboration among maintainers tends to be influenced by different measures of code complexity. We interpret these findings by providing preliminary evidence that the organization of open-source software development would self-adapt to characteristics of the code base, in a {\textquoteright}stigmergic{\textquoteright} manner.},
	keywords = {age, apache, complexity, cvs, division of labor, functions, gaim, gcc, ghostscript, lines of code, loc, log files, mozilla, netbsd, openssh, postgresql, python, revision control, scm, size, source code, Stigmergy, version control},
	issn = {0167-6245},
	doi = {DOI: 10.1016/j.infoecopol.2008.06.003},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6V8J-4SSG4PN-1/2/88b3824c30a31c18929d8a5ca6d64f62},
	author = {den Besten, Matthijs and Jean-Michel Dalle and Galia, Fabrice}
}
@conference {971,
	title = {Branching and merging in the repository},
	booktitle = {the 2008 international workshopProceedings of the 2008 international workshop on Mining software repositories  - MSR {\textquoteright}08},
	year = {2008},
	month = {05/2008},
	pages = {19-22},
	publisher = {ACM Press},
	organization = {ACM Press},
	address = {New York, New York, USA},
	abstract = {Two of the most complex operations version control software allows a user to perform are branching and merging. Branching provides the user the ability to create a copy of the source code to allow changes to be stored in version control but outside of the trunk. Merging provides the user the ability to copy changes from a branch to the trunk. Performing a merge can be a tedious operation and one that may be error prone. In this paper, we compare file revisions found on branches with those found on the trunk to determine when a change that is applied to a branch is moved to the trunk. This will allow us to study how developers use merges and to determine if merges are in fact more error prone than other commits.},
	keywords = {argouml, changes, cvs2svn, diffj, revision, scm, source code, version control},
	isbn = {9781605580241},
	doi = {10.1145/1370750.1370754},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/p19-williams.pdf},
	author = {Spacco, Jamie and Williams, Chadd C.}
}
@conference {1206,
	title = {Collecting data from distributed FOSS projects},
	booktitle = {3rd Workshop on Public Data about Software Development (WoPDaSD 2008)},
	year = {2008},
	note = {"We selected three projects from the initial set of projects: Linux 2.6, an operating system kernel, gimp, a graphics program, and Blender, a 3d content creation suite."
"To acquire data from each data source, we wrote special programs based on the earlier prototypes....The first program extracts information from mailing list archives....The second program obtains bug reports from bug tracking systems....The third program obtains source code from network-accessible version control systems and runs metric calculations on it."},
	month = {2009},
	pages = {8-13},
	abstract = {A key trait of Free and Open Source Software (foss) development is its distributed nature. Nevertheless, two project-level operations, the fork and the merge of program code, are among the least well understood events in the lifespan of a foss project. Some projects have explicitly adopted these operations as the primary means of concurrent development. In this study, we examine the effect of highly distributed software development, as found in the Linux kernel project, on collection and modelling of software development data. We find that distributed development calls for sophisticated temporal modelling techniques where several versions of the source code tree can exist at once. Attention must be turned towards the methods of quality assurance and peer review that projects employ to manage these parallel source trees. Our analysis indicates that two new metrics, fork rate and merge rate, could be useful for determining the role of distributed version control systems in foss projects. The study 
presents a preliminary data set consisting of version control and mailing list data. },
	keywords = {bitkeeper, bug tracking system, cvs, distributed, email archive, fork rate, git, life cycle, linux, linux kernel, mailing list, merge rate, subversion, svn, version control},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/fagerholm.pdf},
	author = {Fagerholm, Fabian and Taina, Juha}
}
@conference {Chang:2008:ESC:1370750.1370766,
	title = {Evaluation of source code copy detection methods on freebsd},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2008 international working conference on Mining software repositories},
	series = {MSR {\textquoteright}08},
	year = {2008},
	month = {05/2008},
	pages = {61{\textendash}66},
	publisher = {ACM},
	organization = {ACM},
	address = {New York, NY, USA},
	abstract = {Studies have shown that substantial code reuse is common in open source and in commercial projects. However, the precise extent of reuse and its impact on productivity and quality are not well investigated in the open source context. Previously, we have introduced a simple-to-use method that needs only a set of file pathnames to identifies directories that share filenames and partially validated its performance on a set of closed-source projects. To evaluate this method and to improve reuse detection at the file level, we apply it and four additional file copy detection methods that utilize the underlying content of multiple versions of the source code on the FreeBSD project. The evaluation quantified unique advantages of each method and showed that the filename method detected roughly half of all reuse cases. We are still faced with a challenge to scale the content based methods to large repositories containing all versions of open source files.},
	keywords = {clone, cloning, code copying, freebsd, version control},
	isbn = {978-1-60558-024-1},
	doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1370750.1370766},
	url = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1370750.1370766},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/p61-chang.pdf},
	author = {Chang, Hung-Fu and Audris Mockus}
}
@conference {Rigby:2008:OSS:1368088.1368162,
	title = {Open source software peer review practices: a case study of the apache server},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the 30th International Conference on Software Engineering (ICSE 2008)},
	series = {ICSE {\textquoteright}08},
	year = {2008},
	note = {http://faculty.salisbury.edu/~xswang/Research/Papers/SERelated/testing/p541-rigby.pdf},
	pages = {541{\textendash}550},
	publisher = {ACM},
	organization = {ACM},
	address = {New York, NY, USA},
	abstract = {Peer review is seen as an important quality assurance mechanism in both industrial development and the open source software (OSS) community. The techniques for performing inspections have been well studied in industry; in OSS development, peer reviews are less well understood. We examine the two peer review techniques used by the successful, mature Apache server project: review-then-commit and commit-then-review. Using archival records of email discussion and version control repositories, we construct a series of metrics that produces measures similar to those used in traditional inspection experiments. Specifically, we measure the frequency of review, the level of participation in reviews, the size of the artifact under review, the calendar time to perform a review, and the number of reviews that find defects. We provide a comparison of the two Apache review techniques as well as a comparison of Apache review to inspection in an industrial project. We conclude that Apache reviews can be described as (1) early, frequent reviews (2) of small, independent, complete contributions (3) conducted asynchronously by a potentially large, but actually small, group of self-selected experts (4) leading to an efficient and effective peer review technique.},
	keywords = {apache, cvs, email, inspection, mining software repositories (email), open source software, peer review, version control},
	isbn = {978-1-60558-079-1},
	doi = {10.1145/1368088.1368162},
	url = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1368088.1368162},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/p541-rigby.pdf},
	author = {Peter C. Rigby and Daniel M. German and Storey, Margaret-Anne}
}
@conference {1004,
	title = {Release Pattern Discovery via Partitioning: Methodology and Case Study},
	booktitle = {Fourth International Workshop on Mining Software Repositories (MSR{\textquoteright}07:ICSE Workshops 2007)},
	year = {2007},
	pages = {19 - 19},
	publisher = {IEEE},
	organization = {IEEE},
	address = {Minneapolis, MN, USA},
	abstract = {The development of Open Source systems produces a variety of software artifacts such as source code, version control records, bug reports, and email discussions. Since the development is distributed across different tool environments and developer practices, any analysis of project behavior must be inferred from whatever common artifacts happen to be available. In this paper, we propose an approach to characterizing a project{\textquoteright}s behavior around the time of major and minor releases; we do this by partitioning the observed activities, such as artifact check-ins, around the dates of major and minor releases, and then look for recognizable patterns. We validate this approach by means of a case study on the MySQL database system; in this case study, we found patterns which suggested MySQL was behaving consistently within itself. These patterns included testing and documenting that took place more before a release than after and that the rate of source code changes dipped around release time.},
	keywords = {bitkeeper, bt2csv, cvs, evolution, mysql, releases, revision history, scm, softchange, version control},
	isbn = {0-7695-2950-X},
	doi = {10.1109/MSR.2007.28},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/28300019.pdf},
	author = {Hindle, Abram and Godfrey, Michael W. and Holt, Richard C.}
}
@conference {D{\textquoteright}Ambros:2006:AER:1137983.1138029,
	title = {Applying the evolution radar to PostgreSQL},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2006 international workshop on Mining software repositories},
	series = {MSR {\textquoteright}06},
	year = {2006},
	pages = {177{\textendash}178},
	publisher = {ACM},
	organization = {ACM},
	address = {New York, NY, USA},
	keywords = {cvs, documentation, evolution, evolution radar, logical coupling, makefile, mining challenge, msr challenge, postgresql, re-engineering, refactoring, release history, rhdb, source code, version control, visualization},
	isbn = {1-59593-397-2},
	doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1137983.1138029},
	url = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1137983.1138029},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/177ApplyingEvolution.pdf},
	author = {D{\textquoteright}Ambros, Marco and Lanza, Michele}
}
@conference {WeiBgerber:2006:RLE:1137983.1138011,
	title = {Are refactorings less error-prone than other changes?},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2006 international workshop on Mining software repositories},
	series = {MSR {\textquoteright}06},
	year = {2006},
	pages = {112{\textendash}118},
	publisher = {ACM},
	organization = {ACM},
	address = {New York, NY, USA},
	abstract = {Refactorings are program transformations which should preserve the program behavior. Consequently, we expect that during phases when there are mostly refactorings in the change history of a system, only few new bugs are introduced. For our case study we analyzed the version histories of several open source systems and reconstructed the refactorings performed. Furthermore, we obtained bug reports from various sources depending on the system. Based on this data we identify phases when the above hypothesis holds and those when it doesn{\textquoteright}t.},
	keywords = {argouml, bug reports, bugs, change history, jedit, junit, re-engineering, refactoring, reverse engineering, software evolution, version control},
	isbn = {1-59593-397-2},
	doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1137983.1138011},
	url = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1137983.1138011},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/112AreRefactorings.pdf},
	author = {Wei{\ss}gerber, Peter and Diehl, Stephan}
}
@conference {Beyer:2006:CVA:1137983.1138023,
	title = {Co-change visualization applied to PostgreSQL and ArgoUML: (MSR challenge report)},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2006 international workshop on Mining software repositories},
	series = {MSR {\textquoteright}06},
	year = {2006},
	pages = {165{\textendash}166},
	publisher = {ACM},
	organization = {ACM},
	address = {New York, NY, USA},
	abstract = {Co-change visualization is a method to recover the subsystem structure of a software system from the version history, based on common changes and visual clustering. This paper presents the results of applying the tool CCVisu which implements co-change visualization, to the two open-source software systems PostgreSQL and ArgoUML The input of the method is the co-change graph, which can be easily extracted by CCVisu from a Cvs version repository. The output is a graph layout that places software artifacts that were often commonly changed at close positions, and artifacts that were rarely co-changed at distant positions. This property of the layout is due to the clustering property of the underlying energy model,which evaluates the quality of a produced layout. The layout can be displayed on the screen, or saved to a file in SVG or VRML format.},
	keywords = {argouml, ccvisu, cvs, force-directed graph layout, graph, mining challenge, msr challenge, postgresql, software clustering, software structure analysis, software visualization, version control, visualization},
	isbn = {1-59593-397-2},
	doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1137983.1138023},
	url = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1137983.1138023},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/165Co-Change.pdf},
	author = {Beyer, Dirk}
}
@conference {Canfora:2006:FGI:1137983.1138009,
	title = {Fine grained indexing of software repositories to support impact analysis},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2006 international workshop on Mining software repositories},
	series = {MSR {\textquoteright}06},
	year = {2006},
	pages = {105{\textendash}111},
	publisher = {ACM},
	organization = {ACM},
	address = {New York, NY, USA},
	abstract = {Versioned and bug-tracked software systems provide a huge amount of historical data regarding source code changes and issues management. In this paper we deal with impact analysis of a change request and show that data stored in software repositories are a good descriptor on how past change requests have been resolved. A fine grained analysis method of software repositories is used to index code at different levels of granularity, such as lines of code and source files, with free text contained in software repositories. The method exploits information retrieval algorithms to link the change request description and code entities impacted by similar past change requests. We evaluate such approach on a set of three open-source projects.},
	keywords = {argouml, change analysis, Firefox, gedit, impact analysis, mining software repositories, scm, source code, version control},
	isbn = {1-59593-397-2},
	doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1137983.1138009},
	url = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1137983.1138009},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/105FineGrained.pdf},
	author = {Canfora, Gerardo and Cerulo, Luigi}
}
@conference {Knab:2006:PDD:1137983.1138012,
	title = {Predicting defect densities in source code files with decision tree learners},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2006 international workshop on Mining software repositories},
	series = {MSR {\textquoteright}06},
	year = {2006},
	pages = {119{\textendash}125},
	publisher = {ACM},
	organization = {ACM},
	address = {New York, NY, USA},
	abstract = {With the advent of open source software repositories the data available for defect prediction in source files increased tremendously. Although traditional statistics turned out to derive reasonable results the sheer amount of data and the problem context of defect prediction demand sophisticated analysis such as provided by current data mining and machine learning techniques.In this work we focus on defect density prediction and present an approach that applies a decision tree learner on evolution data extracted from the Mozilla open source web browser project. The evolution data includes different source code, modification, and defect measures computed from seven recent Mozilla releases. Among the modification measures we also take into account the change coupling, a measure for the number of change-dependencies between source files. The main reason for choosing decision tree learners, instead of for example neural nets, was the goal of finding underlying rules which can be easily interpreted by humans. To find these rules, we set up a number of experiments to test common hypotheses regarding defects in software entities. Our experiments showed, that a simple tree learner can produce good results with various sets of input data.},
	keywords = {change analysis, data mining, decision tree learner, defect density, defect prediction, mozilla, prediction, release history, scm, source code, version control},
	isbn = {1-59593-397-2},
	doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1137983.1138012},
	url = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1137983.1138012},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/119Predicting.pdf},
	author = {Knab, Patrick and Pinzger, Martin and Bernstein, Abraham}
}
@conference {German:2006:UEA:1137983.1138020,
	title = {Using evolutionary annotations from change logs to enhance program comprehension},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2006 international workshop on Mining software repositories},
	series = {MSR {\textquoteright}06},
	year = {2006},
	pages = {159{\textendash}162},
	publisher = {ACM},
	organization = {ACM},
	address = {New York, NY, USA},
	abstract = {Evolutionary annotations are descriptions of how source code evolves over time. Typical source comments, given their static nature, are usually inadequate for describing how a program has evolved over time; instead, source code comments are typically a description of what a program currently does. We propose the use of evolutionary annotations as a way of describing the rationale behind changes applied to a given program (for example "These lines were added to ..."). Evolutionary annotations can assist a software developer in the understanding of how a given portion of source code works by showing him how the source has evolved into its current form.In this paper we describe a method to automatically create evolutionary annotations from change logs, defect tracking systems and mailing lists. We describe the design of a prototype for Eclipse that can filter and present these annotations alongside their corresponding source code and in workbench views. We use Apache as a test case to demonstrate the feasibility of this approach.},
	keywords = {annotations, apache, bug tracking, change history, eclipse, evolutionary, log files, mailing lists, mining software repositories, software evolution, version control},
	isbn = {1-59593-397-2},
	doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1137983.1138020},
	url = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1137983.1138020},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/159UsingEvolutionary.pdf},
	author = {Daniel M. German and Peter C. Rigby and Storey, Margaret-Anne}
}
@conference {Robles:2005:DIM:1083142.1083162,
	title = {Developer identification methods for integrated data from various sources},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2005 international workshop on Mining software repositories},
	series = {MSR {\textquoteright}05},
	year = {2005},
	pages = {106-110},
	publisher = {ACM},
	organization = {ACM},
	address = {New York, NY, USA},
	abstract = {Studying a software project by mining data from a single repository has been a very active research field in software engineering during the last years. However, few efforts have been devoted to perform studies by integrating data from various repositories, with different kinds of information, which would, for instance, track the different activities of developers. One of the main problems of these multi-repository studies is the different identities that developers use when they interact with different tools in different contexts. This makes them appear as different entities when data is mined from different repositories (and in some cases, even from a single one). In this paper we propose an approach, based on the application of heuristics, to identify the many identities of developers in such cases, and a data structure for allowing both the anonymized distribution of information, and the tracking of identities for verification purposes. The methodology will be presented in general, and applied to the GNOME project as a case example. Privacy issues and partial merging with new data sources will also be considered and discussed.},
	keywords = {anonymization, bug tracker, developers, email, email address, gnome, identity, mailing list, privacy, source code, version control},
	isbn = {1-59593-123-6},
	doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1082983.1083162},
	url = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1082983.1083162},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/106DeveloperIdentification.pdf},
	author = {Gregorio Robles and Jesus M. Gonzalez-Barahona}
}
@conference {Xinyi04fourinteresting,
	title = {Four Interesting Ways in Which History Can Teach Us About Software},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2004 international workshop on Mining software repositories  - MSR {\textquoteright}04},
	year = {2004},
	month = {05/2004},
	pages = {58-62},
	abstract = {In this position paper, we outline four kinds of studies that we have undertaken in trying to understand various aspects of a software system{\textquoteright}s evolutionary history. In each instance, the studies have involved detailed examination of real software systems based on {\textquotedblleft}facts{\textquotedblright} extracted from various kinds of source artifact repositories, as well as the development of accompanying tools to aid in the extraction, abstraction, and comprehension processes. We briefly discuss the goals, results, and methodology of each approach.},
	keywords = {ant, apache, change analysis, clone, clone detection, cvs, evolution, gcc, growth, kepler, linux, midworld, mycore, postgresql, source code, version control},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/58FourInterestingWays.pdf},
	author = {Michael Godfrey and Xinyi Dong and Cory Kapser and Lijie Zou}
}
@conference {1050,
	title = {Mining version control systems for FACs (frequently applied changes)},
	booktitle = {International Workshop on Mining Software Repositories (MSR 2004)},
	volume = {2004},
	year = {2004},
	pages = {48 - 52},
	publisher = {IEE},
	organization = {IEE},
	address = {Edinburgh, Scotland, UK},
	abstract = {Today, programmers are forced to maintain a software system based on their gut feeling and experience. This paper makes an attempt to turn the software maintenance craft into a more disciplined activity, by mining for frequently applied changes in a version control system. Next to some initial results, we show how this technique allows to recover and study successful maintenance strategies, adopted for the redesign of long{\textendash}lived systems.},
	keywords = {ccfinder, change analysis, change history, clone, clone detection, cvs, maintenance, tomcat, version control},
	doi = {10.1049/ic:20040475},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/48MiningVersion.pdf},
	author = {Van Rysselberghe, F. and Demeyer, S}
}
@article {1077,
	title = {Profiling an Open Source Project Ecology and Its Programmers},
	journal = {Electronic Markets},
	volume = {14},
	year = {2004},
	month = {6/2004},
	pages = {77 - 88},
	abstract = {While many successful and well-known open source projects produce output of high quality, a general assessment of this development paradigm is still missing. In this paper, an online community of both small and large, successful and failed projects and their programmers is analysed mainly using the version-control data of each project, also according to their productivity and estimation of expended effort. As the results show, there are indeed significant differences between this cooperative development model and the commercial organization of work in the areas explored. Both open source software projects in their size and their programmers{\textquoteright} effort differ significantly, and the evolution of projects{\textquoteright} size over time seems in part to contradict the laws of software evolution proposed for commercial systems. Both the inequality of effort distribution between programmers and an increasing number of developers in a project do not lead to a decrease in productivity, opposing Brooks{\textquoteright}s Law. Effort estimation based on the COCOMO model for commercial organizations shows a large amount of effort expended for the projects, while a more general Norden-Rayleigh modeling shows a distinctly smaller expenditure. This proposes that either a highly efficient development is achieved by this self-organizing cooperative and highly decentralized form of work, or that the participation of users besides programming tasks is enormous and constitutes an economic factor of large proportions. },
	keywords = {affiliation network, brooks law, cocomo, effort estimation, evolution, productivity, project success, scm, size, time, version control},
	issn = {1422-8890},
	doi = {10.1080/10196780410001675031},
	author = {Koch, Stefan}
}
@proceedings {104,
	title = {Economic incentives for participating in open source software projects},
	year = {2002},
	note = {"The data for this research come from two primary sources: Apache project archives and a targeted survey of Apache participants. Archival data are open source project artifacts such as e-mail and source code archives, source code version control meta-data, and developer Web sites"
independent variables: patch, committer, work experience, programming experience, education, job switch, firm size, firm public, industry},
	pages = {365{\textendash}372},
	abstract = {Using the Internet as a basis for communication, collaboration, and storage of artifacts, the open source community is producing software of a quality that was previously thought to be achievable only by professional engineers following strict software development paradigms. This accomplishment is even more astounding as developers contribute to the source code without any remuneration. Open source leaders as well as academics have proposed theories about the motivation of open source developers that are rooted in diverse fields such as social psychology and anthropology. However, Lerner and Tirole (2000) argue that developer participation in open source projects may, in part, be explained by existing economic theory regarding career concerns. This research seeks to confirm or disconfirm the existence of economic returns to participation in open source development. Our findings suggest that greater open source participation per se, as measured in contributions made, is not associated with wage increases. However, a higher status in a merit-based ranking within the Apache Project is associated with significantly higher wages. This suggests that employers do not reward the gain in experience through open source participation as an increase in human capital. The results are also consistent with the notion that a high rank within the Apache Software Foundation is a credible signal of the productive capacity of a programmer.},
	keywords = {apache, contributions, email, email archives, mailing list, organizational sponsorship, participation, patch, scm, source code, Survey, version control},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/42.pdf},
	author = {Il-Horn Hann and Jeff Roberts and Sandra Slaughter and Roy Fielding}
}
@conference {1154,
	title = {Version Control: A Case Study in the Challenges and Opportunities for Open Source Software Development},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2nd ICSE Workshop on Open Source},
	year = {2002},
	abstract = {The growth of the worldwide open source development effort, driven in part by the recent entrance of large corporations into the open source arena, offers new opportunities to improve the software engineering tools available for that effort. Indeed, the increasing difficulty of managing large open source projects, as well as that of integrating related efforts into new programming environments, represents a challenge that must be met if the rapid growth of open source software is to continue. This position paper addresses these issues in the context of software version control.},
	keywords = {cvs, kernel, linux, linux kernel, version control},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/ChuCarrollShieldsWright.pdf},
	author = {Chu-Carroll, M.C. and Sheilds, D. and Wright, J.}
}
@conference {1157,
	title = {Why Do Developers Contribute to Open Source Projects? First Evidence of Economic Incentives},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2nd ICSE Workshop on Open Source},
	year = {2002},
	note = {"The data for this research come from two primary sources: Apache project archives and a targeted survey of Apache participants. Archival data are open source project artifacts such as email and source code archives, source code version control meta-data and developer web sites."},
	abstract = {The availability of commercial quality, free software products such as the Apache HTTP (web) server or the Linux operating system has focused significant attention on the open source development process by which these products were created. One of the more perplexing aspects of open source software projects is why developers freely devote their time and energy to these projects. While many open source participants cite idealistic motives for participation, Lerner and Tirole (2000) argue that developer participation in open source projects may, in part, be explained by existing economic theory regarding career concerns. This research seeks to confirm or disconfirm the existence of economic returns to participation in open source development. Preliminary results of our empirical investigation suggest that greater open source participation per se, as measured in contributions made, does not lead to wage increases. However, a higher status in a merit-based ranking within the Apache Project does lead to significantly higher wages. This suggests that employers do not reward the gain in experience through open source participation as an increase in human capital. The results are also consistent with the notion that a high rank within the Apache Software Foundation is a credible signal of the productive capacity of a programmer.},
	keywords = {apache, contributions, cvs, developers, ECONOMICS, email, email archives, financial, Human capital, mailing list, MOTIVATION, participation, source code, version control},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/HannRobertsSlaughterFielding.pdf},
	author = {Il-Horn Hann and Jeff Roberts and Sandra Slaughter and Roy Fielding}
}
