@proceedings {1896,
	title = {Addressing Lock-in, Interoperability, and Long-Term Maintenance Challenges Through Open Source: How Can Companies Strategically Use Open Source?},
	volume = {496},
	year = {2017},
	month = {05/2017},
	pages = {80-88},
	publisher = {Springer},
	abstract = {This industry paper reports on how strategic use of open source in company contexts can provide effective support for addressing the fundamental challenges of lock-in, interoperability, and longevity of software and associated digital assets. The fundamental challenges and an overview of an ongoing collaborative research project are presented. Through a conceptual model for open source usage in company contexts we characterise how companies engage with open source and elaborate on how the fundamental challenges can be effectively addressed through open source usage in company contexts.

},
	doi = {10.1007/978-3-319-57735-7_9},
	url = {https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-319-57735-7_9},
	author = {Lundell, Bj{\"o}rn and Gamalielsson, Jonas and Stefan Tengblad and Bahram Hooshyar Yousefi and Thomas Fischer and Gert Johansson and Bengt Rodung and Mattsson, Anders and Johan Oppmark and Gustavsson, Tomas and Feist, Jonas and Stefan Landemoo and Erik L{\"o}nroth}
}
@proceedings {1903,
	title = {Release Early, Release Often and Release on Time. An Empirical Case Study of Release Management},
	volume = {496},
	year = {2017},
	month = {05/2017},
	pages = {167-181},
	publisher = {Springer},
	abstract = {The dictum of {\textquotedblleft}Release early, release often.{\textquotedblright} by Eric Raymond as the Linux modus operandi highlights the importance of release management in open source software development. Nevertheless, there are very few empirical studies addressing release management in open source software development. It is already known that most open source software communities adopt either feature-based or time-based release strategies. Each of these has its advantages and disadvantages that are context-specific. Recent research reported that many prominent open source software projects have moved from feature-based to time-based releases. In this longitudinal case study, we narrate how OpenStack shifted towards a liberal six-month release cycle. If prior research discussed why projects should adopt time-based releases and how they can adopt such a strategy, we discuss how OpenStack adapted its software development processes, its organizational design and its tools toward a hybrid release management strategy {\textemdash} a strive for balancing the benefits and drawbacks of feature-based and time-based release strategies.},
	keywords = {openstack, release management},
	doi = {10.1007/978-3-319-57735-7_16},
	url = {https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-319-57735-7_16},
	author = {Teixeira, Jose}
}
@proceedings {1819,
	title = {Analyzing the Decision Criteria of Software Developers Based on Prospect Theory},
	year = {2016},
	note = {they sent a survey to developers and used flossmole to harvest the email addresses},
	month = {03/2016},
	abstract = {To enhance the quality of software, many software development support tools and software development methodologies have been proposed. However, not all proposed tools and methodologies are widely used in software development. We assume that the evaluation of tools and methodologies by developers is different from the evaluation by researchers, and that this is one of the reasons why the tools and methodologies are not widely used. We analyzed the decision criteria of software developers as applied to the tools and methodologies, to clarify whether the difference exists or not. In behavioral economics, there are theories which assume people have biases, and they do not always act reasonably. In the experiment, we made a questionnaire based on behavioral economics, and collected answers from open source software developers. The results suggest that developers do not always act to maximize expected profit because of the certainty effect and ambiguity aversion. Therefore, we should reconsider the evaluation criteria of tools such as the f-measure or AUC, which mainly focus on the expected profit. },
	keywords = {flossmole},
	url = {http://se-naist.jp/pman3/pman3.cgi?DOWNLOAD=579},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/saner2016-kina.pdf},
	author = {Kanako Kina and Tsunoda, Masateru and Tamada, Haruaki and Hiroshi Igaki}
}
@proceedings {1826,
	title = {How Software Developers Use Work Breakdown Relationships in Issue Repositories},
	year = {2016},
	month = {05/2016},
	pages = {281-285},
	abstract = {Software developers use issues as a means to describe a range
of activities to be undertaken on a software system, including
features to be added and defects that require fixing. When
creating issues, software developers expend manual effort
to specify relationships between issues, such as one issue
blocking another or one issue being a sub-task of another.
In particular, developers use a variety of relationships to express
how work is to be broken down on a project. To better
understand how software developers use work breakdown relationships
between issues, we manually coded a sample of
work breakdown relationships from three open source systems.
We report on our findings and describe how the recognition
of work breakdown relationships opens up new ways
to improve software development techniques.},
	doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2901739.2901779},
	author = {C. Albert Thompson and Murphy, Gail C. and Palyart, Marc and Marko Ga{\v s}paric}
}
@article {1802,
	title = {Candoia: A Platform and an Ecosystem for Building and Deploying Versatile Mining Software Repositories Tools},
	year = {2015},
	note = {" In terms of its focus,
the Candoia platform is closer to Bevan et al.{\textquoteright}s Kenyon [9],
Bajracharya et al.{\textquoteright}s Sourcerer [6], Gousios and Spinellis{\textquoteright}s Alitheia
Core [32, 31], Howison et al.{\textquoteright}s FLOSSMole [39] and different from
Boetticher et al.{\textquoteright}s PROMISE Repository [69], Gonz{\'a}lez-Barahona
and Robles{\textquoteright}s open-access data repositories [29], Black Duck OpenHub
(aka Ohloh) [13], GHTorrent [30, 33], Ossher et al.{\textquoteright}s SourcererDB
[64], the SourceForge Research Data Archive (SRDA) [28],
and Boa [25]. },
	month = {11/2015},
	institution = {Iowa State University},
	abstract = {Research on mining software repositories (MSR) has shown great
promise during the last decade in solving many challenging software
engineering problems. There exists, however, a {\textquoteleft}valley of death{\textquoteright}
between these significant innovations in the MSR research and their
deployment in practice. The significant cost of converting a prototype
to software; need to provide support for a wide variety of tools
and technologies e.g. CVS, SVN, Git, Bugzilla, Jira, Issues, etc,
to improve applicability; and the high cost of customizing tools to
practitioner-specific settings are some key hurdles in transition to
practice. We describe Candoia, a platform and an ecosystem that
is aimed at bridging this valley of death between innovations in
MSR research and their deployment in practice. We have implemented
Candoia and provide facilities to build and publish MSR
ideas as Candoia apps. Our evaluation demonstrates that Candoia
drastically reduces the cost of converting an idea to an app, thus
reducing the barrier to transitioning research findings into practice.
We also see versatility, in Candoia app{\textquoteright}s ability to work with a variety
of tools and technologies that the platform supports. Finally,
we find that customizing Candoia app to fit project-specific needs
is often well within the grasp of developers.},
	keywords = {Analysis of software and its evolution, Application specific development environments, flossmole cited, msr, research to practice, software evolution, software repositories},
	url = {http://lib.dr.iastate.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1378\&context=cs_techreports},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/Candoia-\%20A\%20Platform\%20and\%20an\%20Ecosystem\%20for\%20Building\%20and\%20Deploying\%20V.pdf},
	author = {Nitin M. Tiwari and Dalton D. Mills and Ganesha Upadhyaya and Eric Lin and Rajan, Hridesh}
}
@conference {Hata:2015:CSO:2819321.2819325,
	title = {Characteristics of Sustainable OSS Projects: A Theoretical and Empirical Study},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the Eighth International Workshop on Cooperative and Human Aspects of Software Engineering},
	series = {CHASE {\textquoteright}15},
	year = {2015},
	note = {Slideshare: http://www.slideshare.net/hideakihata5/characteristics-of-sustainable-oss-projects-a-theoretical-and-empirical-study},
	pages = {15{\textendash}21},
	publisher = {IEEE Press},
	organization = {IEEE Press},
	address = {Piscataway, NJ, USA},
	abstract = {How can we attract developers? What can we do to incentivize developers to write code? We started the study by introducing the population pyramid visualization to software development communities, called software population pyramids, and found a typical pattern in shapes. This pattern comes from the differences in attracting coding contributors and discussion contributors. To understand the causes of the differences, we then build game-theoretical models of the contribution situation. Based on these results, we again analyzed the projects empirically to support the outcome of the models, and found empirical evidence. The answers to the initial questions are clear. To incentivize developers to code, the projects should prepare documents, or the projects or third parties should hire developers, and these are what sustainable projects in GitHub did in reality. In addition, making innovations to reduce the writing costs can also have an impact in attracting coding contributors.},
	url = {http://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=2819321.2819325},
	author = {Hata, Hideaki and Todo, Taiki and Onoue, Saya and Kenichi Matsumoto}
}
@proceedings {1774,
	title = {Characterization and prediction of issue-related risks in software projects},
	year = {2015},
	month = {05/2015},
	publisher = {IEEE},
	abstract = {Identifying risks relevant to a software project and
planning measures to deal with them are critical to the success
of the project. Current practices in risk assessment mostly rely
on high-level, generic guidance or the subjective judgements
of experts. In this paper, we propose a novel approach to
risk assessment using historical data associated with a software
project. Specifically, our approach identifies patterns of past
events that caused project delays, and uses this knowledge to
identify risks in the current state of the project. A set of risk
factors characterizing {\textquotedblleft}risky{\textquotedblright} software tasks (in the form of
issues) were extracted from five open source projects: Apache,
Duraspace, JBoss, Moodle, and Spring. In addition, we performed
feature selection using a sparse logistic regression model to
select risk factors with good discriminative power. Based on
these risk factors, we built predictive models to predict if an
issue will cause a project delay. Our predictive models are able
to predict both the risk impact (i.e. the extend of the delay)
and the likelihood of a risk occurring. The evaluation results
demonstrate the effectiveness of our predictive models, achieving
on average 48\%{\textendash}81\% precision, 23\%{\textendash}90\% recall, 29\%{\textendash}71\%
F-measure, and 70\%{\textendash}92\% Area Under the ROC Curve. Our
predictive models also have low error rates: 0.39{\textendash}0.75 for Macroaveraged
Mean Cost-Error and and 0.7{\textendash}1.2 for Macro-averaged
Mean Absolute Error},
	url = {http://www.uow.edu.au/~hoa/papers/msr-2015-preprint.pdf},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/msr-2015-preprint.pdf},
	author = {Morakot Choetkiertikul and Dam, Hoa Khanh and Truyen Tran and Aditya Ghose}
}
@proceedings {1771,
	title = {A Historical Analysis of Debian Package Incompatibilities},
	year = {2015},
	abstract = {Users and developers of software distributions are often confronted with installation problems due to conflicting packages. A prototypical example of this are the Linux distributions such as Debian. Conflicts between packages have been studied under different points of view in the literature, in particular for the Debian operating system, but little is known about how these package conflicts evolve over time. This article presents an extensive analysis of the evolution of package incompatibilities, spanning a decade of the life of the Debian stable and testing distributions for its most popular architecture, i386. Using the technique of survival analysis, this empirical study sheds some light on the origin and evolution of package incompatibilities, and provides the basis for building indicators that may be used to improve the quality of package-based distributions.
},
	url = {http://di.umons.ac.be/details.aspx?pub=b5a887bd-0612-4439-8f66-ec37803a32db},
	author = {Claes Maelick and Mens Tom and Di Cosmo Robert and Vouillon Jerome}
}
@article {1717,
	title = {An insight into license tools for open source software systems},
	journal = {Journal of Systems and Software},
	volume = {102},
	year = {2015},
	note = {"An additional tool can be found in FLOSSmole ( Howison et al., 2006), which is a central repository containing data and analyses about FLOSS projects collected and prepared in a decentralized manner. Content from FLOSSmole was intended to be used for the construction of an intelligent information system for FLOSS, namely FLOSSWALD (Hanft and Reichle, 2007). "},
	month = {04/2015},
	pages = {72 - 87},
	abstract = {Free/Libre/Open Source Software (FLOSS) has gained a lot of attention lately allowing organizations to incorporate third party source code into their implementations. When open source software libraries are used, software resources may be linked directly or indirectly with multiple open source licenses giving rise to potential license incompatibilities. Adequate support in license use is vital in order to avoid such violations and address how diverse licenses should be handled. In the current work we investigate software licensing giving a critical and comparative overview of existing assistive approaches and tools. These approaches are centered on three main categories: license information identification from source code and binaries, software metadata stored in code repositories, and license modeling and associated reasoning actions. We also give a formalization of the license compatibility problem and demonstrate the role of existing approaches in license use decisions.},
	keywords = {flossmole cited},
	issn = {01641212},
	doi = {10.1016/j.jss.2014.12.050},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0164121214002945},
	author = {Kapitsaki, Georgia M. and Tselikas, Nikolaos D. and Foukarakis, Ioannis E.}
}
@proceedings {1769,
	title = {Investigating Code Review Practices in Defective Files: An Empirical Study of the Qt System},
	year = {2015},
	month = {05/2015},
	publisher = {IEEE},
	abstract = {Software code review is a well-established software
quality practice. Recently, Modern Code Review (MCR) has been
widely adopted in both open source and proprietary projects.
To evaluate the impact that characteristics of MCR practices
have on software quality, this paper comparatively studies MCR
practices in defective and clean source code files. We investigate
defective files along two perspectives: 1) files that will eventually
have defects (i.e., future-defective files) and 2) files that have
historically been defective (i.e., risky files). Through an empirical
study of 11,736 reviews of changes to 24,486 files from the Qt
open source project, we find that both future-defective files and
risky files tend to be reviewed less rigorously than their clean
counterparts. We also find that the concerns addressed during
the code reviews of both defective and clean files tend to enhance
evolvability, i.e., ease future maintenance (like documentation),
rather than focus on functional issues (like incorrect program
logic). Our findings suggest that although functionality concerns
are rarely addressed during code review, the rigor of the
reviewing process that is applied to a source code file throughout
a development cycle shares a link with its defect proneness.},
	keywords = {code review, software quality},
	url = {http://sail.cs.queensu.ca/publications/pubs/msr2015-thongtanunam.pdf},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/msr2015-thongtanunam.pdf},
	author = {Patanamon Thongtanunam and McIntosh, Shane and Hassan, Ahmed E. and Hajimu Iida}
}
@booklet {1781,
	title = {Lessons Learned from Applying Social Network Analysis on an Industrial Free/Libre/Open Source Software Ecosystem},
	year = {2015},
	abstract = {Many software projects are no longer done in-house by a single organization. Instead, we are in a new age where software is developed by a networked community of individuals and organizations, which base their relations to each other on mutual interest. Paradoxically, recent research suggests that software development can actually be jointly-developed by rival firms. For instance, it is known that the mobile-device makers Apple and Samsung kept collaborating in open source projects while running expensive patent wars in the court. Taking a case study approach, we explore how rival firms collaborate in the open source arena by employing a multi-method approach that combines qualitative analysis of archival data (QA) with mining software repositories (MSR) and Social Network Analysis (SNA). While exploring collaborative processes within the OpenStack ecosystem, our research contributes to Software Engineering research by exploring the role of groups, sub-communities and business models within a high-networked open source ecosystem. Surprising results point out that competition for the same revenue model (i.e., operating conflicting business models) does not necessary affect collaboration within the ecosystem. Moreover, while detecting the different sub-communities of the OpenStack community, we found out that the expected social tendency of developers to work with developers from same firm (i.e., homophony) did not hold within the OpenStack ecosystem. Furthermore, while addressing a novel, complex and unexplored open source case, this research also contributes to the management literature in coopetition strategy and high-tech entrepreneurship with a rich description on how heterogeneous actors within a high-networked ecosystem (involving individuals, startups, established firms and public organizations) joint-develop a complex infrastructure for big-data in the open source arena.},
	keywords = {business models, cloud computing, homophily, open source, Open-Coopetition, openstack, social network analysis, Software ecosystems},
	url = {http://arxiv.org/abs/1507.04587},
	author = {Teixeira, Jose and Gregorio Robles and Jesus M. Gonzalez-Barahona}
}
@proceedings {1748,
	title = {Mining Component Repositories for Installability Issues},
	year = {2015},
	month = {05/2015},
	abstract = {Component repositories play an increasingly relevant
role in software life-cycle management, from software
distribution to end-user, to deployment and upgrade management.
Software components shipped via such repositories are
equipped with rich metadata that describe their relationship (e.g.,
dependencies and conflicts) with other components.
In this practice paper we show how to use a tool, distcheck,
that uses component metadata to identify all the components in
a repository that cannot be installed (e.g., due to unsatisfiable
dependencies), provides detailed information to help developers
understanding the cause of the problem, and fix it in the
repository.
We report about detailed analyses of several repositories: the
Debian distribution, the OPAM package collection, and Drupal
modules. In each case, distcheck is able to efficiently identify not
installable components and provide valuable explanations of the
issues. Our experience provides solid ground for generalizing the
use of distcheck to other component repositories.},
	keywords = {drupal, opam},
	url = {http://www.dicosmo.org/preprints/msr-2015-distcheck.pdf},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/msr-2015-distcheck.pdf},
	author = {Abate, Pietro and Di Cosmo, Roberto and Gesbert, Louis and Fabrice Le Fessant and Ralf Treinen and Zacchiroli, Stefano}
}
@proceedings {1787,
	title = {On the openness of digital platforms/ecosystems},
	year = {2015},
	month = {08/2015},
	abstract = {A plenitude of technology is neither developed in-house nor
simply outsourced in dyadic relationships. Instead, we are in
a new age where technologies are developed by a networked
community of actors and organizations, which base their
relations dynamically to each other on a common interest.
Such dynamic and networked complexity of technology development
is often theoretical explored around the concept
of platform, and more recently by employing the concept of
ecosystem in an analogy to natural ecosystems. Following the
success of open-source software, academics have long been
examining openness in digital platforms/ecosystems; however
most contributions take the perspective of a single stakeholder
from the many that constitute a digital platform/ecosystem.
Predominantly, they take the sole perspective of platform
providers, those bundling hardware and software or more
rarely, the perspective of third-party software developers developing
valuable software {\textquoteright}apps{\textquoteright} that add value to the overall
platform. In this conceptual article, we grasp openness more
holistically, both by acknowledging that openness means different
things to different people and involve all stakeholders
within the platforms/ecosystems. Towards the development
of a theory of openness within digital settings, we propose
six novel aspects of openness for enabling a greater understanding
of the open-source software movement with a digital
platforms/ecosystems perspective. Moreover, we invite scholars
to reconsider the more predominating product-dominant
logic in open-source software research to a more holistic logic
embracing platforms and ecosystem thinking.},
	url = {http://www.opensym.org/os2015/proceedings-files/p103-teixeira.pdf},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/p103-teixeira.pdf},
	author = {Teixeira, Jose}
}
@inbook {1739,
	title = {Surveying the Adoption of FLOSS by Public Administration Local Organizations},
	booktitle = {Open Source Systems: Adoption and Impact},
	series = {IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology},
	volume = {451},
	year = {2015},
	pages = {114-123},
	publisher = {Springer International Publishing},
	organization = {Springer International Publishing},
	abstract = {Background. The introduction of Open Source Software technologies in the Public Administration plays a key role in the spread of Open Source Software. The state of the art in the adoption of Open Source Software solutions in the Public Administration is not very well known even in areas like Lombardy, which is Italy{\textquoteright}s largest and most developed region.
Goal. The goal of the investigation documented in this paper is to obtain a clear picture about the introduction of Open Source Software technologies in the Public Administration, the obstacles to their adoption, and the willingness of stakeholders to proceed with their introduction.
Method. We carried out a qualitative and quantitative survey that was submitted to a representative part of the Public Administrations in Lombardy.
Results. The analysis of the qualitative and quantitative information shows that several Public Administrations are already using Open Source Software technologies, though not in all application areas. The savings are one frequently cited incentive to the adoption of Open Source Software. However, one obstacle is the fact that a comprehensive law on software in the Public Administration has not yet been approved.
Conclusions. Our analysis provides results that indicate a common understanding of incentives, obstacles, and opportunities for Open Source Software technologies in Public Administrations.},
	keywords = {FLOSS adoption, Italy, Public administrations, Survey},
	isbn = {978-3-319-17836-3},
	doi = {10.1007/978-3-319-17837-0_11},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-17837-0_11},
	author = {Tosi, Davide and Lavazza, Luigi and Morasca, Sandro and Chiappa, Marco},
	editor = {Damiani, Ernesto and Frati, Fulvio and Dirk Riehle and Wasserman, Anthony I.}
}
@proceedings {1786,
	title = {Utilization and Development Contribution of Open Source Software in Japanese IT Companies: An Exploratory Study of the Effect on Business Growth (2nd report based on 2014 survey)},
	year = {2015},
	month = {08/2015},
	abstract = {The usage of Open Source Software (OSS) has been extended in a
wide range of business fields not only IT industries. Behind this
current situation, there are tremendous inputs by the volunteer
engineers in the development communities. In this series of
studies, we have conducted questionnaire survey to Japanese IT
companies in 2012 and 2013, and then analyzed the relation
between OSS utilization and development contribution, and how
these affect the business growth. Our study revealed that Japanese
IT companies are rather free riders of OSS, the volume of
development contributions are far less than that of utilization.
From our previous studies, it was anticipated that some OSSrelated
factors were affecting the business growth; however, clear
evidence has not been found. In autumn 2014, we conducted the
questionnaire survey for the third time and this paper presents the
survey results as the second report of the continued research. We
constructed the simplified Logistic Model to investigate the
influential factors on business growth. However, no clear
evidence was found as the same as the previous study. In
summary, we conclude that there are some form of relationships
between OSS utilization and development contribution, but these
are not the determinant factors on the business growth in the
Japanese IT companies at present. },
	url = {http://www.opensym.org/os2015/proceedings-files/p102-tansho.pdf},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/p102-tansho.pdf},
	author = {Tansho, Terutaka and Noda, Tetsuo}
}
@conference {Tymchuk:2014:COP:2597073.2597093,
	title = {Collaboration in Open-source Projects: Myth or Reality?},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the 11th Working Conference on Mining Software Repositories},
	series = {MSR 2014},
	year = {2014},
	pages = {304{\textendash}307},
	publisher = {ACM},
	organization = {ACM},
	address = {New York, NY, USA},
	abstract = {One of the fundamental principles of open-source projects is that they foster collaboration among developers, disregarding their geographical location or personal background. When it comes to software repositories collaboration is a rather ephemeral phenomenon which lacks a clear definition, and it must therefore be mined and modeled. This throws up the question whether what is mined actually maps to reality.

In this paper we investigate collaboration by modeling it using a number of diverse approaches that we then compare to a ground truth obtained by surveying a substantial set of developers of the Pharo open-source community. Our findings indicate that the notion of collaboration must be revisited, as it is undermined by a number of factors that are often tackled in imprecise ways or not taken into account at all.},
	keywords = {COLLABORATION, Software ecosystems},
	isbn = {978-1-4503-2863-0},
	doi = {10.1145/2597073.2597093},
	url = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/2597073.2597093},
	author = {Tymchuk, Yuriy and Mocci, Andrea and Lanza, Michele}
}
@inbook {1605,
	title = {Crafting a Systematic Literature Review on Open-Source Platforms},
	booktitle = {Open Source Software: Mobile Open Source Technologies},
	series = {IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology},
	volume = {427},
	year = {2014},
	pages = {113-122},
	publisher = {Springer Berlin Heidelberg},
	organization = {Springer Berlin Heidelberg},
	abstract = {

This working paper unveils the crafting of a systematic literature review on open-source platforms. The high-competitive mobile devices market, where several players such as Apple, Google, Nokia and Microsoft run a platforms- war with constant shifts in their technological strategies, is gaining increasing attention from scholars. It matters, then, to review previous literature on past platforms-wars, such as the ones from the PC and game-console industries, and assess its implications to the current mobile devices platforms-war. The paper starts by justifying the purpose and rationale behind this literature review on open-source platforms. The concepts of open-source software and computer-based platforms were then discussed both individually and in unison, in order to clarify the core-concept of {\textquotedblleft}open-source platform{\textquotedblright} that guides this literature review. The detailed design of the employed methodological strategy is then presented as the central part of this paper. The paper concludes with preliminary findings organizing previous literature on open-source platforms for the purpose of guiding future research in this area.
},
	keywords = {Ecosystems, FLOSS, open-source, Platforms, R\&D Management},
	isbn = {978-3-642-55127-7},
	doi = {10.1007/978-3-642-55128-4_16},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-55128-4_16},
	author = {Teixeira, Jose and Baiyere, Abayomi},
	editor = {Corral, Luis and Sillitti, Alberto and Succi, Giancarlo and Vlasenko, Jelena and Wasserman, AnthonyI.}
}
@conference {1694,
	title = {Cream of the crop},
	booktitle = {The International SymposiumProceedings of The International Symposium on Open Collaboration - OpenSym {\textquoteright}14},
	year = {2014},
	pages = {1 - 10},
	publisher = {ACM Press},
	organization = {ACM Press},
	address = {Berlin, GermanyNew York, New York, USA},
	abstract = {In open content communities like Wikipedia and StackOverflow and in open source software projects, a small proportion of users produce a majority of the content and take on much of the required community maintenance work. Understanding this class of users is crucial to creating and sustaining healthy communities. We carried out a mixed-method study of core contributors to the Cyclopath geographic wiki and bicycle routing web site. We present our findings and organize our discussion using concepts from activity theory. We found that the Cyclopath core contributors aren{\textquoteright}t the dedicated cyclists and that the characteristics of the community shape the site, the rules, and the tools for contributing. Additionally, we found that numerous aspects about the surrounding ecology of related systems and communities may help to shape how the site functions and views itself. We draw implications for future research and design from these findings.
},
	isbn = {9781450330169},
	doi = {10.1145/2641580.2641609},
	author = {Katherine Panciera and Mikhil Masli and Loren Terveen}
}
@conference {Brunet:2014:DDD:2597073.2597115,
	title = {Do Developers Discuss Design?},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the 11th Working Conference on Mining Software Repositories},
	series = {MSR 2014},
	year = {2014},
	pages = {340{\textendash}343},
	publisher = {ACM},
	organization = {ACM},
	address = {New York, NY, USA},
	abstract = {Design is often raised in the literature as important to attaining various properties and characteristics in a software system. At least for open-source projects, it can be hard to find evidence of ongoing design work in the technical artifacts produced as part of the development. Although developers usually do not produce specific design documents, they do communicate about design in different ways. In this paper, we provide quantitative evidence that developers address design through discussions in commits, issues, and pull requests. To achieve this, we built a discussions{\textquoteright} classifier and automatically labeled 102,122 discussions from 77 projects. Based on this data, we make four observations about the projects: i) on average, 25\% of the discussions in a project are about design; ii) on average, 26\% of developers contribute to at least one design discussion; iii) only 1\% of the developers contribute to more than 15\% of the discussions in a project; and iv) these few developers who contribute to a broad range of design discussions are also the top committers in a project.
},
	keywords = {Design Discussions, empirical study, machine learning, mining challenge, msr challenge},
	isbn = {978-1-4503-2863-0},
	doi = {10.1145/2597073.2597115},
	url = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/2597073.2597115},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/brunet.pdf},
	author = {Brunet, Jo{\~a}o and Murphy, Gail C. and Terra, Ricardo and Figueiredo, Jorge and Serey, Dalton}
}
@conference {Murgia:2014:DFE:2597073.2597086,
	title = {Do Developers Feel Emotions? An Exploratory Analysis of Emotions in Software Artifacts},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the 11th Working Conference on Mining Software Repositories},
	series = {MSR 2014},
	year = {2014},
	pages = {262{\textendash}271},
	publisher = {ACM},
	organization = {ACM},
	address = {New York, NY, USA},
	abstract = {Software development is a collaborative activity in which developers interact to create and maintain a complex software system. Human collaboration inevitably evokes emotions like joy or sadness, which can affect the collaboration either positively or negatively, yet not much is known about the individual emotions and their role for software development stakeholders. In this study, we analyze whether development artifacts like issue reports carry any emotional information about software development. This is a first step towards verifying the feasibility of an automatic tool for emotion mining in software development artifacts: if humans cannot determine any emotion from a software artifact, neither can a tool. Analysis of the Apache Software Foundation issue tracking system shows that developers do express emotions (in particular gratitude, joy and sadness). However, the more context is provided about an issue report, the more human raters start to doubt and nuance their interpretation of emotions. More investigation is needed before building a fully automatic emotion mining tool.
},
	keywords = {Emotion Mining, Empirical Software Engineer- ing, Issue Report},
	isbn = {978-1-4503-2863-0},
	doi = {10.1145/2597073.2597086},
	url = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/2597073.2597086},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/murgia.pdf},
	author = {Murgia, Alessandro and Tourani, Parastou and Adams, Bram and Ortu, Marco}
}
@conference {1720,
	title = {Evaluating Software Product Quality: A Systematic Mapping Study},
	booktitle = {2014 Joint Conference of the International Workshop on Software Measurement IWSM-MENSURA},
	year = {2014},
	pages = {141 - 151},
	publisher = {IEEE},
	organization = {IEEE},
	address = {Rotterdam, Netherlands},
	abstract = {Evaluating software product quality (SPQ) is an important task to ensure the quality of software products. In this paper a systematic mapping study was performed to summarize the existing SPQ evaluation (SPQE) approaches in literature and to classify the selected studies according to seven classification criteria: SPQE approaches, research types, empirical types, data sets used in the empirical evaluation of these studies, artifacts, SQ models, and SQ characteristics. Publication channels and trends were also identified. 57 papers were selected. The results show that the main publication sources of the papers identified were journals. Data mining techniques are the most frequently approaches reported in literature. Solution proposals were the main research type identified. The majority of the selected papers were history-based evaluations using existing data, which were mainly obtained from open source software projects and domain specific projects. Source code was the main artifacts used by SPQE approaches. Well-known SQ models were mentioned by half of the selected papers and reliability is the SQ characteristic through which SPQE was mainly achieved. SPQE-related subjects seem to attract more interest from researchers since the past years. },
	doi = {10.1109/IWSM.Mensura.2014.30},
	url = {http://www.scielo.org.mx/pdf/cys/v19n3/v19n3a11.pdf},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/v19n3a11.pdf},
	author = {Ouhbi, Sofia and Idri, Ali and Aleman, Jose Luis Fernandez and Toval, Ambrosio}
}
@conference {Thorne:2014:YRM:2641580.2641582,
	title = {How You Run a Meeting Says a Lot About Your Values: Participatory Practices for Open Communities},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of The International Symposium on Open Collaboration},
	series = {OpenSym {\textquoteright}14},
	year = {2014},
	pages = {42:1{\textendash}42:1},
	publisher = {ACM},
	organization = {ACM},
	address = {New York, NY, USA},
	abstract = {Live events are some of the best ways to see the power dynamics and philosophical bent of a community. Many communities, open and closed, glorify sitting in a darkened room and being inspired by a sage on the stage. And then there are events about participation: making and learning with fellow participants around shared passions and interests. The session argues for the use of participatory methods at events as a way to manifest open values. We{\textquoteright}ll unpack some techniques and case studies, as well as practice ourselves.
},
	isbn = {978-1-4503-3016-9},
	doi = {10.1145/2641580.2641582},
	url = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/2641580.2641582},
	author = {Thorne, Michelle}
}
@conference {Farah:2014:OSA:2597073.2597135,
	title = {OpenHub: A Scalable Architecture for the Analysis of Software Quality Attributes},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the 11th Working Conference on Mining Software Repositories},
	series = {MSR 2014},
	year = {2014},
	pages = {420{\textendash}423},
	publisher = {ACM},
	organization = {ACM},
	address = {New York, NY, USA},
	abstract = {There is currently a vast array of open source projects available on the web, and although they are searchable by name or description in the search engines, there is no way to search for projects by how well they perform on a given set of quality attributes (e.g. usability or maintainability). With OpenHub, we present a scalable and extensible architecture for the static and runtime analysis of open source repositories written in Python, presenting the architecture and pinpointing future possibilities with it.
},
	keywords = {architecture, github, python, Quality Attributes},
	isbn = {978-1-4503-2863-0},
	doi = {10.1145/2597073.2597135},
	url = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/2597073.2597135},
	author = {Farah, Gabriel and Tejada, Juan Sebastian and Correal, Dario}
}
@inbook {1599,
	title = {Open-Source Software Entrepreneurial Business Modelling},
	booktitle = {Open Source Software: Mobile Open Source Technologies},
	series = {IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology},
	volume = {427},
	year = {2014},
	pages = {80-82},
	publisher = {Springer Berlin Heidelberg},
	organization = {Springer Berlin Heidelberg},
	abstract = {

This poster aims to facilitate business planning of bootstrapping entrepreneurs who are developing a high-tech business by open-source approach. It draws on scholarly works on business modelling and open-source software to provide a practical tool for entrepreneurs establishing a business by open-source approach. Built on top of established business modelling frameworks, the Open-Source Software Entrepreneurial Business Modelling (OSS_EBM) can be a useful strategic management and entrepreneurial tool. It enables strategists and entrepreneurs to describe, design, challenge, invent, brainstorm, pivot, analyze and improve upon open-source business models.
},
	isbn = {978-3-642-55127-7},
	doi = {10.1007/978-3-642-55128-4_10},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-55128-4_10},
	author = {Teixeira, Jose and Salminen, Joni},
	editor = {Corral, Luis and Sillitti, Alberto and Succi, Giancarlo and Vlasenko, Jelena and Wasserman, AnthonyI.}
}
@inbook {1623,
	title = {PROINFODATA: Monitoring a Large Park of Computational Laboratories},
	booktitle = {Open Source Software: Mobile Open Source Technologies},
	series = {IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology},
	volume = {427},
	year = {2014},
	pages = {226-229},
	publisher = {Springer Berlin Heidelberg},
	organization = {Springer Berlin Heidelberg},
	abstract = {

This paper briefly presents a model for monitoring a large, heterogeneous and geographically scattered computer park. The data collection is performed by a software agent. The collected data are sent to the central server over the Internet, and stored by the storage system. An on-line portal makes up the visualization system, featuring charts, reports, and other tools for assessing the state of the park. This system is currently monitoring circa 150,000 machines.
},
	isbn = {978-3-642-55127-7},
	doi = {10.1007/978-3-642-55128-4_34},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-55128-4_34},
	author = {Possamai, CleideL.B. and Pasqualin, Diego and Weingaertner, Daniel and Todt, Eduardo and Castilho, MarcosA. and Bona, LuisC.E. and Almeida, EduardoCunha},
	editor = {Corral, Luis and Sillitti, Alberto and Succi, Giancarlo and Vlasenko, Jelena and Wasserman, AnthonyI.}
}
@inbook {1621,
	title = {A Study of the Effect on Business Growth by Utilization and Contribution of Open Source Software in Japanese IT Companies},
	booktitle = {Open Source Software: Mobile Open Source Technologies},
	series = {IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology},
	volume = {427},
	year = {2014},
	pages = {216-217},
	publisher = {Springer Berlin Heidelberg},
	organization = {Springer Berlin Heidelberg},
	abstract = {

To analyze how OSS effects business growth both through simple use and by deeper engagement as a stakeholder in OSS community, we did questionnaire research to Japanese IT companies in 2012 and 2013. We analyze the progress of utilization and contribution of OSS, and the impact on business growth indicators by them.
},
	isbn = {978-3-642-55127-7},
	doi = {10.1007/978-3-642-55128-4_32},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-55128-4_32},
	author = {Noda, Tetsuo and Tansho, Terutaka},
	editor = {Corral, Luis and Sillitti, Alberto and Succi, Giancarlo and Vlasenko, Jelena and Wasserman, AnthonyI.}
}
@article {thomas2014studying,
	title = {Studying software evolution using topic models},
	journal = {Science of Computer Programming},
	volume = {80},
	year = {2014},
	pages = {457{\textendash}479},
	publisher = {Elsevier},
	abstract = {Topic models are generative probabilistic models which have been applied to information
retrieval to automatically organize and provide structure to a text corpus. Topic models
discover topics in the corpus, which represent real world concepts by frequently cooccurring
words. Recently, researchers found topics to be effective tools for structuring
various software artifacts, such as source code, requirements documents, and bug reports.
This research also hypothesized that using topics to describe the evolution of software
repositories could be useful for maintenance and understanding tasks. However, research
has yet to determine whether these automatically discovered topic evolutions describe the
evolution of source code in a way that is relevant or meaningful to project stakeholders, and
thus it is not clear whether topic models are a suitable tool for this task.
In this paper, we take a first step towards evaluating topic models in the analysis of
software evolution by performing a detailed manual analysis on the source code histories
of two well-known and well-documented systems, JHotDraw and jEdit. We define and
compute various metrics on the discovered topic evolutions and manually investigate how
and why the metrics evolve over time. We find that the large majority (87\%{\textendash}89\%) of topic
evolutions correspond well with actual code change activities by developers. We are thus
encouraged to use topic models as tools for studying the evolution of a software system.},
	keywords = {Latent Dirichlet allocation, mining software repositories, software evolution, topic model},
	url = {http://sail.cs.queensu.ca/publications/pubs/Thomas-2012-SCP.pdf},
	author = {Stephen W. Thomas and Adams, Bram and Hassan, Ahmed E. and Blostein, Dorothea}
}
@conference {Teixeira:2014:UCO:2641580.2641627,
	title = {Understanding Coopetition in the Open-Source Arena: The Cases of WebKit and OpenStack},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of The International Symposium on Open Collaboration},
	series = {OpenSym {\textquoteright}14},
	year = {2014},
	pages = {39:1{\textendash}39:5},
	publisher = {ACM},
	organization = {ACM},
	address = {New York, NY, USA},
	abstract = {In an era of software crisis, the move of firms towards distributed software development teams is being challenged by emerging collaboration issues. On this matter, the open-source phenomenon may shed some light, as successful cases on distributed collaboration in the open-source community have been recurrently reported. In our research we explore collaboration networks in the WebKit and OpenStack high-networked open-source projects, by mining their source-code version-control-systems data with Social Network Analysis (SNA). Our approach allows us to observe how key events in the industry affect open-source collaboration networks over time. With our findings, we highlight the explanatory power from network visualizations capturing the collaborative dynamics of high-networked software projects over time. Moreover, we argue that competing companies that sell similar products in the same market, can collaborate in the open-source community while publicly manifesting intense rivalry (e.g. Apple vs Samsung patent-wars). After integrating our findings with the current body of theoretical knowledge in management strategy, economics, strategic alliances and coopetition, we propose the novel notion of open-coopetition, where rival firms collaborate with competitors in the open-source community. We argue that classical coopetition management theories do not fully explain the competitive and collaborative issues that are simultaneously present and interconnected in the WebKit and OpenStack open-source communities. We propose the development of the novel open-coopetition theory for a better understanding on how rival-firms collaborate with competitors by open-source manners.
},
	keywords = {COLLABORATION, Competition, Coopetition, Ecosystems, FLOSS, Open-Coopetition, open-source, OSS, Strategic Alliances},
	isbn = {978-1-4503-3016-9},
	doi = {10.1145/2641580.2641627},
	url = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/2641580.2641627},
	author = {Teixeira, Jose}
}
@inbook {1622,
	title = {USB Device Management in GNU/Linux Systems},
	booktitle = {Open Source Software: Mobile Open Source Technologies},
	series = {IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology},
	volume = {427},
	year = {2014},
	pages = {218-225},
	publisher = {Springer Berlin Heidelberg},
	organization = {Springer Berlin Heidelberg},
	abstract = {

Protecting the access to USB ports has the same priority for information security than firewalls and antivirus software. Nowadays there are some tools that allow us to monitor and regulate the access to USB devices, but all of them are distributed under proprietary licenses. This work presents an application that solves the mentioned problem: ?{\textquoteright}How controlling the access to USB mass storage devices in GNU/Linux Operating Systems?
},
	isbn = {978-3-642-55127-7},
	doi = {10.1007/978-3-642-55128-4_33},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-55128-4_33},
	author = {Deroncel{\'e}, EdilbertoBlez and Fuentes, AllanPierra and Tejera Hern{\'a}ndez, DayanaCaridad and C{\'a}ceres Navarro, Haniel and F{\'\i}rvida Donest{\'e}vez, AbelAlfonso and Febles Parker, MichelEvaristo},
	editor = {Corral, Luis and Sillitti, Alberto and Succi, Giancarlo and Vlasenko, Jelena and Wasserman, AnthonyI.}
}
@inbook {1630,
	title = {The Babel of Software Development: Linguistic Diversity in Open Source},
	booktitle = {Social Informatics},
	series = {Lecture Notes in Computer Science},
	volume = {8238},
	year = {2013},
	pages = {391-404},
	publisher = {Springer International Publishing},
	organization = {Springer International Publishing},
	isbn = {978-3-319-03259-7},
	doi = {10.1007/978-3-319-03260-3_34},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-03260-3_34},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/socinfo13.pdf},
	author = {Vasilescu, Bogdan and Serebrenik, Alexander and Brand, MarkG.J.},
	editor = {Jatowt, Adam and Lim, Ee-Peng and Ding, Ying and Miura, Asako and Tezuka, Taro and Dias, Ga{\"e}l and Tanaka, Katsumi and Flanagin, Andrew and Dai, BingTian}
}
@proceedings {1512,
	title = {Discovering, Reporting, and Fixing Performance Bugs},
	year = {2013},
	month = {05/2013},
	abstract = {Software performance is critical for how users perceive the quality of software products. Performance bugs---programming errors that cause significant performance degradation---lead to poor user experience and low system throughput. Designing effective techniques to address performance bugs requires a deep understanding of how performance bugs are discovered, reported, and fixed. In this paper, we study how performance bugs are discovered, reported to developers, and fixed by developers, and compare the results with those for non-performance bugs. We study performance and non-performance bugs from three popular code bases: Eclipse JDT, Eclipse SWT, and Mozilla. First, we find little evidence that fixing performance bugs has a higher chance to introduce new functional bugs than fixing non-performance bugs, which implies that developers may not need to be overconcerned about fixing performance bugs. Second, although fixing performance bugs is about as error-prone as fixing nonperformance bugs, fixing performance bugs is more difficult than fixing non-performance bugs, indicating that developers need better tool support for fixing performance bugs and testing performance bug patches. Third, unlike many non-performance bugs, a large percentage of performance bugs are discovered through code reasoning, not through users observing the negative effects of the bugs (e.g., performance degradation) or through profiling. The result suggests that techniques to help developers reason about performance, better test oracles, and better profiling techniques are needed for discovering performance bugs.},
	keywords = {bugs, eclipse, mozilla, performance bugs},
	author = {Adrian Nistor and Tian Jiang and Tan, Lin}
}
@book {1544,
	title = {Effect on Business Growth by Utilization and Contribution of Open Source Software in Japanese IT Companies},
	volume = {404},
	year = {2013},
	pages = {222 - 231},
	publisher = {Springer Berlin Heidelberg},
	organization = {Springer Berlin Heidelberg},
	address = {Berlin, Heidelberg},
	abstract = {

The expanded use of Open Source Software (OSS), and the expansion of the market caused by this adoption has led to a corresponding increase in the number of businesses acting as stakeholders in the field. Some of these are pure users of OSS technology but a great number are developers of such technology, and can be understood to have a substantial investment in this paradigm. It is reasonable to assume that such businesses are rational actors, and that their investment or contribution to the field implies a positive economic benefit either currently obtained or assumed as a return in the future. This paper analyzes how OSS affects Japanese IT companies{\textquoteright} business growth both through simple use and by deeper engagement as a stakeholder in OSS community. This is the first time that such a link between the utilization of OSS and economic growth has been explored in the context of Japan, and it can hopefully lay a foundation for further study regarding the real economic value of this approach to software.
},
	isbn = {978-3-642-38928-3},
	issn = {1868-422X},
	doi = {10.1007/978-3-642-38928-3_16},
	author = {Noda, Tetsuo and Tansho, Terutaka and Coughlan, Shane},
	editor = {Petrinja, Etiel and Succi, Giancarlo and Ioini, Nabil and Sillitti, Alberto}
}
@book {1530,
	title = {IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology Open Source Software: Quality Verification Empirical Study of the Relation between Open Source Software Use and Productivity of Japan{\textquoteright}s Information Service Industries},
	volume = {404},
	year = {2013},
	pages = {18 - 29},
	publisher = {Springer Berlin Heidelberg},
	organization = {Springer Berlin Heidelberg},
	address = {Berlin, Heidelberg},
	abstract = {

This paper analyzes the relation between OSS (Open Source Software) use and the performance of Japanese information service industry. We first estimate the market value of OSS, an issue which only a few studies have specifically addressed. The results are then used to analyze the economic effect of OSS. Although our study has some methodological limitations regarding the calculation of the market value of OSS, we demonstrate that the economic effect of OSS is generally positive.},
	isbn = {978-3-642-38928-3},
	issn = {1868-422X},
	doi = {10.1007/978-3-642-38928-3_2},
	author = {Noda, Tetsuo and Tanihana, Keisuke},
	editor = {Petrinja, Etiel and Succi, Giancarlo and Ioini, Nabil and Sillitti, Alberto}
}
@proceedings {1500,
	title = {Linux Variability Anomalies: What Causes Them and How Do They Get Fixed?},
	year = {2013},
	month = {05/2013},
	abstract = {The Linux kernel is one of the largest configurable open source software systems implementing static variability. In Linux, variability is scattered over three different artifacts: source code files, Kconfig files, and Makefiles. Previous work detected inconsistencies between these artifacts that led to anomalies in the intended variability of Linux. We call these variability anomalies. However, there has been no work done to analyze how these variability anomalies are introduced in the first place, and how they get fixed. In this work, we provide an analysis of the causes and fixes of variability anomalies in Linux. We first perform an exploratory case study that uses an existing set of patches which solve variability anomalies to identify patterns for their causes. The observations we make from this dataset allow us to develop four research questions which we then answer in a confirmatory case study on the scope of the whole Linux kernel. We show that variability anomalies exist for several releases in the kernel before they get fixed, and that contrary to our initial suspicion, typos in feature names do not commonly cause these anomalies. Our results show that variability anomalies are often introduced through incomplete patches that change Kconfig definitions without properly propagating these changes to the rest of the system. Anomalies are then commonly fixed through changes to the code rather than to Kconfig files.},
	author = {Sarah Nadi and Christian Dietrich and Reinhard Tartler and Holt, Richard C. and Daniel Lohmann}
}
@conference {1721,
	title = {Orion: A Software Project Search Engine with Integrated Diverse Software Artifacts},
	booktitle = {2013 18th International Conference on Engineering of Complex Computer Systems (ICECCS)},
	year = {2013},
	note = {The FLOSSMole12, Flossmetrics [3] and
Sourcerer [1] projects collect data and/or provide statistics on
their collected data, but are not suitable for selecting a subset
or identifying a unique project based on desired properties.},
	pages = {242 - 245},
	publisher = {IEEE},
	organization = {IEEE},
	address = {Singapore, Singapore},
	abstract = {What projects contain more than 10, 000 lines of code developed by less than 10 people and are still actively maintained with a high bug-fixing rate? To address the challenges for answering such enquiries, we develop an integrated search engine architecture that combines information from different types of software repositories from multiple sources. Our search engine facilitates the construction and execution of complex search queries using a uniform interface that transparently correlates different artifacts of project development and maintenance, such as source code information, version control systems metadata, bug tracking systems elements, and metadata on developer activities and interactions extracted from hosting platforms. We have built an extensible system with an initial capability of over 100, 000 projects collected from the web, featuring various software development artifacts. Using scenarios, we illustrate the benefits of such a search engine for different kinds of project seekers. 
},
	keywords = {flossmole cited},
	doi = {10.1109/ICECCS.2013.42},
	url = {http://www.mysmu.edu/faculty/davidlo/papers/iceccs13-projectsearch.pdf},
	author = {Bissyande, Tegawende F. and Thung, Ferdian and Lo, David and Jiang, Lingxiao and Reveillere, Laurent}
}
@proceedings {1469,
	title = {The Effect of Open Source Licensing on the Evolution of Business Strategy},
	volume = {378},
	year = {2012},
	month = {09/2012},
	pages = {344-349},
	publisher = {IFIP AICT,  Springer},
	address = {Eighth International Conference on Open Source Systems},
	abstract = {This paper explores how the approach underlying Open Source development has encouraged a greater sharing of knowledge in related business and legal affairs, and subsequently leads to the emergence of Open Source-driven collaboration by enterprises to address challenges. We use an Economic approach to propose a theoretical framework for Open Source business analysis and provide a defined sample of real-world developments to support its initial findings. We conclude that the need to develop effective Open Source governance solutions has led to widespread collaboration regarding business and legal challenges by stakeholders in the field, and that this collaboration will increase to improve efficiency as the market matures.},
	author = {Noda, Tetsuo and Tansho, Terutaka and Coughlan, Shane}
}
@proceedings {1455,
	title = {Open-Source Technologies Realizing Social Networks: A Multiple Descriptive Case-Study},
	volume = {378},
	year = {2012},
	month = {09/2012},
	pages = {250-255},
	publisher = {IFIP AICT,  Springer},
	abstract = {This article aims at describing the role of the open-source software phenomenon within high-tech corporations providing social networks and applications. By taking a multiple case study approach, We address what are the open-source software technological components embedded by leading social networking players, and a rich description on how those players collaborate with the open-source community. Our findings, based on a population of three commercial providers of social networks a suggest that open-source plays an important role on the technological development of their social networking platforms. An open-source technological stack for realizing social networks is proposed and several managerial issues dealing with collaboration with open-source communities are explored.},
	keywords = {entrepreneurship, facebook, netlog, social networks, spotify},
	author = {Teixeira, Jose}
}
@conference {1523,
	title = {Social coding in GitHub},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the ACM 2012 conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work - CSCW {\textquoteright}12},
	year = {2012},
	pages = {1277},
	publisher = {ACM Press},
	organization = {ACM Press},
	address = {Seattle, Washington, USA},
	abstract = {
Social applications on the web let users track and follow the activities of a large number of others regardless of location or affiliation. There is a potential for this transparency to radically improve collaboration and learning in complex knowledge-based activities. Based on a series of in-depth interviews with central and peripheral GitHub users, we examined the value of transparency for large-scale distributed collaborations and communities of practice. We find that people make a surprisingly rich set of social inferences from the networked activity information in GitHub, such as inferring someone else{\textquoteright}s technical goals and vision when they edit code, or guessing which of several similar projects has the best chance of thriving in the long term. Users combine these inferences into effective strategies for coordinating work, advancing technical skills and managing their reputation.
},
	keywords = {github},
	isbn = {9781450310864},
	doi = {10.1145/2145204.2145396},
	url = {http://www.cs.cmu.edu/afs/cs/Web/People/xia/resources/Documents/cscw2012_Github-paper-FinalVersion-1.pdf},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/cscw2012_Github-paper-FinalVersion-1.pdf},
	author = {Laura Dabbish and Colleen Stuart and Jason Tsay and Herbsleb, Jim}
}
@proceedings {1468,
	title = {A Study on OSS Marketing and Communication Strategies},
	volume = {378},
	year = {2012},
	month = {09/2012},
	pages = {338-343},
	publisher = {IFIP AICT,  Springer},
	address = {Eighth International Conference on Open Source Systems},
	abstract = {The goal of every open source project is to gain as many satisfied users as possible. To this end, open source software producers should focus on both product development and communication. Currently, most open source projects are mainly concerned with developing code using the most appealing technologies and introducing fancy features. On the contrary, open source software producers seem to lack good communication strategies. In this paper we describe the communication strategies adopted by three successful companies that are active in open source software development. The goal of the paper is to provide some hints that could help other open source software producers identify communication strategies that are effective in promoting their products on the market.},
	author = {del Bianco, Vieri and Lavazza, Luigi and Lenarduzzi, Valentina and Morasca, Sandro and Taibi, Davide and Tosi, Davide}
}
@conference {bettenburg:csmr2012,
	title = {Using Code Search to Link Code Fragments in Discussions and Source Code},
	booktitle = {CSMR {\textquoteright}12: Proceedings of the 16th European Conference on Software Maintenance and Reengineering},
	year = {2012},
	pages = {319-329},
	publisher = {IEEE},
	organization = {IEEE},
	abstract = {When discussing software, practitioners often reference parts of the project{\textquoteright}s source code. Such references have different motivations, such as mentoring and guiding less experienced developers, pointing out code that needs changes, or proposing possible strategies for the implementation of future changes. The fact that particular parts of a source code are being discussed makes these parts of the software special. Knowing which code is being talked about the most can not only help practitioners to guide important software engineering and maintenance activities, but also act as a high-level documentation of development activities for managers. In this paper, we use clone-detection as specific instance of a code search based approach for establishing links between code fragments that are discussed by developers and the actual source code of a project. Through a case study on the Eclipse project we explore the traceability links established through this approach, both quantitatively and qualitatively, and compare fuzzy code search based traceability linking to classical approaches, in particular change log analysis and information retrieval. We demonstrate a sample application of code search based traceability links by visualizing those parts of the project that are most discussed in issue reports with a Treemap visualization. The results of our case study show that the traceability links established through fuzzy code search-based traceability linking are conceptually different than classical approaches based on change log analysis or information retrieval.},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/Bettenburg_2012_CSMR.pdf},
	author = {Bettenburg, Nicolas and Stephen W. Thomas and Hassan, Ahmed E.}
}
@article {1381,
	title = {Adopting Free/Libre/Open Source Software Practices, Techniques and Methods for Industrial Use},
	journal = {Journal of the Association for Information Systems},
	volume = {12},
	number = {1},
	year = {2011},
	abstract = {Today{\textquoteright}s software companies face the challenges of highly distributed development projects and constantly changing requirements. This paper proposes the adoption of relevant Free/Libre/Open Source Software (FLOSS) practices in order to improve software development projects in industry. Many FLOSS projects have proven to be very successful, producing high quality products with steady and frequent releases. This study aims to identify FLOSS practices that can be adapted for the corporate environment. To achieve this goal, a framework to compare FLOSS and industrial development methodologies was created. Three successful FLOSS projects were selected as study targets (the Linux Kernel, the FreeBSD operating system, and the JBoss application server), as well as two projects from Ericsson, a large telecommunications company. Based on an analysis of these projects, FLOSS best practices were tailored to fit industrial development environments. The final results consisted of a set of key adoption opportunities that aimed to improve software quality and overall development productivity by importing best practices from the FLOSS environment. The adoption opportunities were then validated at three large corporations.},
	keywords = {freebsd, jboss, linux, linux kernel},
	url = {http://aisel.aisnet.org/jais/vol12/iss1/1},
	author = {Torkar, Richard and Minoves, Pau and Garrig{\'o}s, Janina}
}
@proceedings {1288,
	title = {An Analysis of Author Contribution Patterns in Eclipse Foundation Project Source Code},
	year = {2011},
	note = {"We conducted an observational study on existing Eclipse projects by extracting author attribution data for Java source code files from git repositories."

"Specifically, we consider entropy of source code by counting the number of lines attributed to each author."},
	month = {10/2011},
	pages = {269-281},
	publisher = {Springer},
	abstract = {Collaborative development is a key tenet of open source software, but if not properly understood and managed, it can become a liability. We examine author contribution data for the newest revision of 251,633 Java source files in 592 Eclipse projects. We use this observational data to analyze collaboration patterns within files, and to explore relationships between file size, author count, and code authorship. We calculate author entropy to characterize the contributions of multiple authors to a given file, with an eye toward understanding the degree of collaboration and the most common interaction patterns.},
	keywords = {COLLABORATION, contribution, eclipse, entropy, java},
	author = {Taylor, Quinn C. and Krein, Jonathan L. and MacLean, Alexander C. and Knutson, Charles D.}
}
@conference {1309,
	title = {Do time of day and developer experience affect commit bugginess},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the 8th working conference on Mining software repositories - MSR {\textquoteright}11},
	year = {2011},
	note = {"we study the latest versions of the Linux kernel and PostgreSQL, which have 222,332 and 31,098 commits, respectively. We study the correlation between a commit{\textquoteright}s bugginess and the time of day of the commit, the day of week of the commit, and the experience and commit frequency of the commit authors. In addition, we study several other commit characteristics, such as comment-only fixes and bug lifetimes."},
	month = {05/2011},
	pages = {153-162},
	publisher = {ACM Press},
	organization = {ACM Press},
	address = {New York, New York, USA},
	abstract = {Modern software is often developed over many years with hundreds of thousands of commits. Commit metadata is a rich source of social characteristics, including the commit{\textquoteright}s time of day and the experience and commit frequency of its author. The "bugginess" of a commit is also a critical property of that commit. In this paper, we investigate the correlation between a commit{\textquoteright}s social characteristics and its "bugginess"; such results can be very useful for software developers and software engineering researchers. For instance, developers or code reviewers might be well-advised to thoroughly verify commits that are more likely to be buggy. In this paper, we study the correlation between a commit{\textquoteright}s bugginess and the time of day of the commit, the day of week of the commit, and the experience and commit frequency of the commit authors. We survey two widely-used open source projects: the Linux kernel and PostgreSQL.

Our main findings include: (1) commits submitted between midnight and 4 AM (referred to as late-night commits) are significantly buggier and commits between 7 AM and noon are less buggy, implying that developers may want to double-check their own latenight commits; (2) daily-committing developers produce less-buggy commits, indicating that we may want to promote the practice of daily-committing developers reviewing other developers{\textquoteright} commits; and (3) the bugginess of commits versus day-of-week varies for different software projects.},
	isbn = {9781450305747},
	doi = {10.1145/1985441.1985464},
	author = {Tan, Lin and Lam, Patrick and Eyolfson, Jon}
}
@conference {1216,
	title = {Experiences Mining Open Source Release Histories},
	booktitle = {International Conference on Software and Systems Process (ICSSP 2011) },
	year = {2011},
	note = {"First, we selected the projects to initially target, using several criteria to get a broad picture of the open source landscape. Second, we collected the actual data, using a framework of parsers and some manual inspection. Third, we standardized and inserted the data into a database for later use."

"but we plan to eventually cross reference our list of projects with existing open source project information (such as FLOSSmole) to take advantage of the work already done by other researchers."

"For each release, we collected the following data: the project it belonged to, the date the release was published, the type of release, the release label (version number) and the source of the data"

discussion of their difficulties

"We conclude that programmatically creating a release history database from existing open source data is not trivial,"

"We have currently collected 1579 distinct releases from 22 different open source projects"},
	month = {05/2011},
	abstract = {Software releases form a critical part of the life cycle of a software project. Typically, each project produces releases in its own way, using various methods of versioning, archiving, announcing and publishing the release. Understanding the release history of a software project can shed light on the project history, as well as the release process used by that project, and how those processes change. However, many factors make automating the retrieval of release history information difficult, such as the many sources of data, a lack of relevant standards and a disparity of tools used to create releases.

In spite of the large amount of raw data available, no attempt has been made to create a release history database of a large number of projects in the open source ecosystem. This paper presents our experiences, including the tools, techniques and pitfalls, in our early work to create a software release history database which will be of use to future researchers who want to study and model the release engineering process in greater depth.},
	keywords = {doap, flossmole cited, life cycle, release engineering, release history, release management, releases},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/icssp11short-p034-tsay.pdf},
	author = {Jason Tsay and Wright, Hyrum and Perry, Dewayne}
}
@proceedings {1296,
	title = {Open Source and Open Data: Business Perspectives from the Frontline},
	year = {2011},
	month = {10/2011},
	pages = {330-333},
	publisher = {Springer},
	abstract = {Open data initiatives on governmental data seem often to be linked to small software companies, which also use and release software under OSS licenses. This paper calls for more research to understand the similarities between open data and open source software vendors. We build a theoretical linkage between the more established OSS research and emerging research on open data in the context of small software companies.},
	author = {Juho Lindman and Tammisto, Yulia}
}
@article {1323,
	title = {OSS-TMM},
	journal = {International Journal of Open Source Software and Processes},
	volume = {3},
	year = {2011},
	pages = {1 - 22},
	abstract = {Open Source Software (OSS) products do not usually follow traditional software engineering development paradigms. Specifically, testing activities in OSS development may be quite different from those carried out in Closed Source Software (CSS) development. As testing and verification require a good deal of resources in OSS, it is necessary to have ways to assess and improve OSS testing processes. This paper provides a set of testing guidelines and issues that OSS developers can use to decide which testing techniques make most sense for their OSS products. This paper 1) provides a checklist that helps OSS developers identify the most useful testing techniques according to the main characteristics of their products, and 2) outlines a proposal for a method that helps assess the maturity of OSS testing processes. The method is a proposal of a Maturity Model for testing processes (called OSS-TMM). To show its usefulness, the authors apply the method to seven real-life projects. Specifically, the authors apply the method to BusyBox, Apache Httpd, and Eclipse Test \& Performance Tools Platform to show how the checklist supports and guides the testing process of these OSS products.},
	keywords = {testing},
	issn = {1942-3934},
	doi = {10.4018/jossp.2011040101},
	author = {Morasca, Sandro and Taibi, Davide and Tosi, Davide}
}
@proceedings {1290,
	title = {Package Upgrade Robustness: An Analysis for GNU/Linux Package Management Systems},
	year = {2011},
	month = {10/2011},
	pages = {299-306},
	publisher = {Springer},
	abstract = {GNU/Linux systems are today used in servers, desktops, mobile and embedded devices. One of the critical operations is the installation and maintenance of software packages in the system. Currently there are no frameworks or tools for evaluating Package Management Systems (PMSs), such as RPM, in Linux and for measuring their reliability. The authors perform an analysis of the robustness of the RPM engine and discuss some of the current limitations. This article contributes to the enhancement of Software Reliability in Linux by providing a framework and testing tools under an open source license. These tools can easily be extended to other PMSs such as DEB packages or Gentoo Portage.},
	keywords = {linux, package management, rpm},
	author = {Thomson, John and Guerrriro, Andre and Paulo Trezentos and Johnson, Jeff}
}
@proceedings {1275,
	title = {Preparing FLOSS for Future Network Paradigms: A Survey on Linux Network Management},
	year = {2011},
	month = {10/2011},
	pages = {75-89},
	publisher = {Springer},
	abstract = {Operating system tools must fulfill the requirements generated by the advances in networking paradigms. To understand the current state of the Free, Libre and Open Source Software (FLOSS) ecosystem, we present a survey on the main tools used to manage and interact with the network, and how they are organized in Linux-based operating systems. Based on the survey results, we present a reference Linux network stack that can serve as the basis for future heterogeneous network environments, contributing towards a standardized approach in Linux. Using this stack, and focusing on dynamic and spontaneous network interactions, we present an evolution path for network related technologies, contributing to Linux as a network research operating system and to FLOSS as a whole.},
	keywords = {linux, networking, Survey},
	author = {Matos, Alfredo and Thomson, John and Paulo Trezentos}
}
@proceedings {1301,
	title = {Standing Situations and Issues of Open Source Policy in East Asian Nations: Outcomes of Open Source Research Workshop of East Asia},
	year = {2011},
	month = {10/2011},
	pages = {379-384},
	publisher = {Springer},
	abstract = {East Asia nations have made some progress with this technology, and started to introduce OSS for e-government systems during the early part of this century. Many countries granted it a central role in their policies. The reasons for this include adoption of software based on standard specification, liberation from vender lock-in, or opposition to the market control of proprietary software. However, the primary reason is to reduce adoption costs for e-government systems. While this policy work is useful, there is a great deal more that needs to be done. The OSS adoption policy in each nation of East Asia must be accompanied by technological progress in domestic IT service industries or US multinationals will expand at the cost of local businesses. If this continues unchecked it will create a new form of lock-in for East Asian nations. Some Asian nations are trying to promote their domestic IT service industries, putting their OSS adoption policy to practical use, and this workshop will provide case studies of that work. It will also provide a forum for discussing current challenges and opportunities around both policy and practical implementation issues across Asia.},
	author = {Noda, Tetsuo and Tansho, Terutaka and Coughlan, Shane}
}
@article {1331,
	title = {An Analysis of the Adoption of Open Source Software by Local Public Administrations},
	journal = {International Journal of Open Source Software and Processes},
	volume = {2},
	year = {2010},
	pages = {1 - 29},
	abstract = {The wide diffusion of open source software (OSS) is driving discussion among scholars on a set of issues, including its adoption by public administrations (PA). Previous works discussed a few factors that drive the decision to adopt OSS and did not address the potential benefits in terms of e-government that OSS may bring to PA. This paper fills these gaps. The analysis is based on the Emilia-Romagna region of Italy and studies the adoption of software (both proprietary and open source) by local PA. The results show there is increased adoption of OSS in several different domains of application, both servers and desktop clients. Among the motivations to adopt OSS, dependence on software suppliers is important. Its adoption also positively affects the variety and extent of interactivity of local public e-services.},
	keywords = {government},
	issn = {1942-3934},
	doi = {10.4018/jossp.2010070101},
	author = {Rentocchini, Francesco and Tartari, Dimitri}
}
@article {1382,
	title = {Analysis of virtual communities supporting OSS projects using social network analysis},
	journal = {Information and Software Technology},
	volume = {52},
	year = {2010},
	month = {3/2010},
	pages = {296 - 303},
	abstract = {This paper analyses the behaviour of virtual communities for Open Source Software (OSS) projects. The development of OSS projects relies on virtual communities, which are built on relationships among members, being their final objective sharing knowledge and improving the underlying project. This study addresses the interactive collaboration in these kinds of communities applying social network analysis (SNA). In particular, SNA techniques will be used to identify those members playing a middle-man role among other community members. Results will illustrate the importance of this role to achieve successful virtual communities.},
	keywords = {arm, email, Knowledge brokers, linux, mailing list, open source software, social network analysis, virtual communities},
	issn = {09505849},
	doi = {10.1016/j.infsof.2009.10.007},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0950584909001888},
	author = {Toral, S.L. and Mart{\'\i}nez-Torres, M.R. and Barrero, F.}
}
@conference {960,
	title = {A comparative exploration of FreeBSD bug lifetimes},
	booktitle = {2010 7th IEEE Working Conference on Mining Software Repositories (MSR 2010)2010 7th IEEE Working Conference on Mining Software Repositories (MSR 2010)},
	year = {2010},
	pages = {106 - 109},
	publisher = {IEEE},
	organization = {IEEE},
	address = {Cape Town, South Africa},
	abstract = {In this paper, we explore the viability of mining the basic data provided in bug repositories to predict bug lifetimes. We follow the method of Lucas D. Panjer as described in his paper, Predicting Eclipse Bug Lifetimes. However, in place of Eclipse data, the FreeBSD bug repository is used. We compare the predictive accuracy of five different classification algorithms applied to the two data sets. In addition, we propose future work on whether there is a more informative way of classifying bugs than is considered by current bug tracking systems.},
	keywords = {bug reports, bug tracking, classification, eclipse, msr challenge, prediction},
	isbn = {978-1-4244-6802-7},
	doi = {10.1109/MSR.2010.5463291},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/106ChallengeGargi.pdf},
	author = {Bougie, Gargi and Treude, Christoph and Daniel M. German and Storey, Margaret-Anne}
}
@unpublished {1242,
	title = {Investigating the Geography of Open Source Software through Github},
	year = {2010},
	note = {"We collected our data through Github{\textquoteright}s public API, which offers the same data as available on the Github{\textquoteright}s website but presents it in a structured format for simpler processing. The data were collected from May to July of 2010"

"The data collection followed a recursive procedure. We started with a single account, belonging to one of Github{\textquoteright}s founders. We then identified accounts connected to this user, then looked for accounts connected to the newly found ones, repeating this procedure until we achieved closure. New accounts were identified through the four kinds of connections mentioned in the previous section: (1) those that follow accounts collected earlier, (2) those followed by the accounts collected earlier, (3) those whose repositories were being {\textquotedblleft}watched{\textquotedblright} by accounts collected earlier, (4) those who had made code contributions to the repositories watched by accounts collected earlier."},
	abstract = {The paper presents an empirical study of the geography of open source software development that looks at Github, a popular project hosting website. We show that developers are highly clustered and concentrated primarily in North America and Western and Northern Europe, though a substantial minority is present in other regions. Code contributions and attention show a strong local bias. Users in North America account for a larger share of received contributions than of contributions made. They also receive a disproportionate amount of attention.},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/Takhteyev-Hilts-2010.pdf},
	author = {Yuri Takhteyev and Andrew Hilts}
}
@conference {1218,
	title = {A Longitudinal Study on Collaboration Networks and Decision to Participate in a FLOSS Community},
	booktitle = {5th Workshop on Public Data about Software Development (WoPDaSD 2010)},
	year = {2010},
	note = {"we chose as a case of study Epiphany, which is the default web browser of the GNOME graphical desktop environment"

"We collected all relevant data by parsing all the bug reports in GNOME Bugzilla repository relative to Epiphany. The data collection and storing was done using Bicho (v. 0.4 rev. 7198), a software part of the FLOSSMetric project [14]."},
	abstract = {In this paper we conjecture that individual decisions of FLOSS (Free/Libre Open Source Software) developers to take on a task are influenced by network relations generated by collaboration among project members. In order to explore our conjecture we collected data on a FLOSS project team consisting of 227 developers committed since 2002 to the development of a web browser. We reconstructed 2-mode co- collaboration networks (software developer by bug) in which a tie represents an action taken by a developer in order to solve a specific bug. Co-collaboration networks were collected at five points in time during a six-month development cycle of the software. We report and discuss results of longitudinal actor-based modeling that we specify to test for the influence of local network structures on developer{\textquoteright}s decision to take action on a specific bug. The study controls for bug-specific and developer-specific characteristics that may also affect developers{\textquoteright} decisions exogenously. We also control for priority and severity levels assigned by the team to bugs in an attempt to manage voluntary contribution.},
	keywords = {bicho, bug fixing, bug reports, bugzilla, COLLABORATION, developers, epiphany, flossmetrics, gnome, social network analysis},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/wopdasd002.pdf},
	author = {Guido Conaldi and Tonellato, Marco}
}
@conference {837,
	title = {Lurking? Cyclopaths? A Quantitative Lifecyle Analysis of User Behavior in a Geowiki},
	booktitle = {ACM Conference on Computer-Human Interaction (CHI)},
	year = {2010},
	month = {04/2010},
	publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	organization = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address = {Atlanta, GA},
	keywords = {content,, geographic, geowiki,, information,, lurking, open, volunteer, volunteered, Wiki,, work,},
	author = {Panciera, K. and Priedhorsky, R. and Erickson, T. and Terveen, L.}
}
@conference {Oezbek:2010:OCS:1833272.1833274,
	title = {The onion has cancer: some social network analysis visualizations of open source project communication},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the 3rd International Workshop on Emerging Trends in Free/Libre/Open Source Software Research and Development (FLOSS {\textquoteright}10)},
	series = {FLOSS {\textquoteright}10},
	year = {2010},
	note = {paper d/l from www.inf.fu-berlin.de/~oezbek/pub/OezThiPre10-SNA.pdf

"We study the introduction of process innovations in Open Source projects [33] by manually extracting innovation episodes from arch- ives of mailing-lists and analyzing these episodes qualitatively by the Grounded Theory Method [38]."

"we took all messages from the mailing-list archives in 2007 of the projects we were studying, turned each participant into a node (unifying multi- ple e-mail addresses where needed [6]), and computed relationship strength between A and B as the number of e-mails that are a reply of B to a message from A or vice versa, according to the in-reply-to header of the e-mail."

Our data set covers 11 of the 13 projects (from 7 different do- mains, selected from mailing-list archive Gmane to build a diverse set of projects) for which we analyzed innovation episodes. They include three workflow applications (Bugzilla, Flyspray, Request Tracker), two desktop environments (Rox, Xfce), two design tools (ArgoUML, a UML CASE tool; gEDA, a set of electronic design automation tools), one bootloader (Grub), one hardware emulator (Bochs), one operating system (FreeDOS), and one database man- agement system (MonetDB).},
	pages = {5{\textendash}10},
	publisher = {ACM},
	organization = {ACM},
	address = {New York, NY, USA},
	abstract = {Background: People contribute to OSS projects in wildly different degrees, from reporting a single defect once and never coming back to spending many hours each workday on the project over several years - or anything in between. It is a common conception that these degrees of participation sort the participants into a number of similar groups which are layered like the peels of an onion: The onion model. Objective: We check whether this model of gradually different degrees of participation is valid with respect to the participation in OSS project mailing-list traffic. Methods: We perform social network analysis based on replies to mailing-list messages and use visualization to check the nature of three different groups of participants. Results: There appears to be a discontinuity with respect to core members: The degree to which very active core members (as opposed to less active co-developers) react to e-mails of senders from the project{\textquoteright}s periphery is significantly higher than would be expected from their level of activity in general. Limitations: The effect might be an artifact of the assumption that each mailing-list message can be treated the same. Conclusions: We conclude that core member status may be qualitatively (rather than just quantitatively) different and the transition of individual mailing-list participants towards ever higher participation is qualitatively discontinuous.},
	keywords = {argouml, Bochs, bugzilla, communication structure, Flyspray, gEDA, Grub, MonetDB, open source process, request tracker, Rox, social network analysis, Xfce},
	isbn = {978-1-60558-978-7},
	doi = {10.1145/1833272.1833274},
	url = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1833272.1833274},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/OezThiPre10-SNA.pdf},
	author = {Oezbek, Christopher and Prechelt, Lutz and Thiel, Florian}
}
@conference {Meirelles:2010:SRS:1915078.1916012,
	title = {A Study of the Relationships between Source Code Metrics and Attractiveness in Free Software Projects},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2010 Brazilian Symposium on Software Engineering},
	series = {SBES {\textquoteright}10},
	year = {2010},
	pages = {11{\textendash}20},
	publisher = {IEEE Computer Society},
	organization = {IEEE Computer Society},
	address = {Washington, DC, USA},
	abstract = {A significant number of Free Software projects has been widely used and considered successful. However, there is an even larger number of them that cannot overcome the initial steps towards building an active community of users and developers. In this study, we investigated whether there are relationships between source code metrics and attractiveness, i.e., the ability of a project to attract users and developers. To verify these relationships, we analyzed 6,773 Free Software projects from the SourceForge.net repository. The results indicated that attractiveness is indeed correlated to some source code metrics. This suggests that measurable attributes of the project source code somehow affect the decision to contribute to and adopt a Free Software. The findings described in this paper show that it is relevant for project leaders to monitor source code quality, particularly a few objective metrics, since these can have a positive influence in projects chances of forming a community of contributors and users around their software, enabling further enhancement in quality.},
	keywords = {source code, source code analysis, sourceforge, user satisfaction, users},
	isbn = {978-0-7695-4273-7},
	doi = {10.1109/SBES.2010.27},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/SBES.2010.27},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/sourcecode_attractiveness.pdf},
	author = {Meirelles, Paulo and Santos Jr., Carlos and Miranda, Joao and Kon, Fabio and Terceiro, Antonio and Chavez, Christina}
}
@article {1241,
	title = {Collaborative Software Development Using R-Forge},
	journal = {The R Journal},
	volume = {1},
	number = {1},
	year = {2009},
	month = {05/2009},
	pages = {9-14},
	abstract = {Open source software (OSS) is typically created in a decentralized self-organizing process by a community of developers having the same or similar interests (see the famous essay by Raymond, 1999). A key factor for the success of OSS over the last two decades is the Internet: Developers who rarely meet face-to-face can employ new means of communication, both for rapidly writing and deploying software (in the spirit of Linus Torvald{\textquoteright}s {\textquotedblleft}release early, release often paradigm{\textquotedblright}). Therefore, many tools emerged that assist a collaborative software development process, including in particular tools for source code management (SCM) and version control.
In the R world, SCM is not a new idea; in fact, the R Development Core Team has always been using SCM tools for the R sources, first by means of Concurrent Versions System (CVS, see Cederqvist et al., 2006), and then via Subversion (SVN, see Pilato et al., 2004). A central repository is hosted by ETH Zürich mainly for managing the development of the base R system. Mailing lists like R-help, R-devel and many others are currently the main communication channels in the R community.
First, we present the core features that R- Forge offers to the R community. Second, we give a hands-on tutorial on how users and developers can get started with R-Forge. In particular, we illustrate how people can register, set up new projects, use R- Forge{\textquoteright}s SCM facilities, provide their packages on R-Forge, host a project-specific website, and how package maintainers submit a package to the Compre- hensive R Archive Network (CRAN, http://CRAN. R-project.org/). Finally, we summarize recent developments and give a brief outlook to future work.},
	keywords = {forge, R, scm, source code repositories, statistics},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/rjournal.pdf},
	author = {Stefan Theu{\ss}l and Achim Zeileis}
}
@article {1352,
	title = {Identifying How Determinants Impact Security-Based Open Source Software Project Success Using Rule Induction},
	journal = {International Journal of Electronic Marketing and Retailing},
	volume = {2},
	number = {4},
	year = {2009},
	month = {2009},
	pages = {352-362},
	author = {Wray, Barry and Mathieu, Richard and Teets, J.}
}
@article {1118,
	title = {Monetary donations to an open source software platform},
	journal = {Research Policy},
	volume = {38},
	year = {2009},
	month = {03/2009},
	pages = {404 - 414},
	abstract = {Online open source software platforms, such as Sourceforge.net, play a vital role in creating an ecosystem that enables the creation and growth of open source projects. However, there is little research exploring the interactions between open source stakeholders and the platform. We believe that the sustainability of the platform crucially depends on financial incentives. While platforms can obtain these incentives through multiple means, in this paper we focus on one form of financial incentives{\textemdash}voluntary monetary donations by open source community members. We report findings from two empirical studies that examine factors that impact donations. Study 1 investigates the factors that cause some community members to donate and not others. We find that the decision to donate is impacted by relational commitment with open source software platform, donation to projects and accepting donations from others. Study 2 examines what drives the level of donation. We find that the length of association with the platform and relational commitment affects donation levels.},
	keywords = {Collective action, Donation, Identification, incentives, metadata, MOTIVATION, Open source software platform, projects, Reciprocity, Relational commitment, sourceforge},
	issn = {00487333},
	doi = {10.1016/j.respol.2008.11.004},
	author = {Sandeep Krishnamurthy and Tripathi, Arvind K.}
}
@article {1342,
	title = {Open Source and Commercial Software Platforms},
	journal = {International Journal of Open Source Software and Processes},
	volume = {1},
	year = {2009},
	pages = {67 - 80},
	abstract = {In this article, we consider the dynamics and competition between two software platforms (Open Source and proprietary software). Potential user-developers can adopt one of the two platforms in order to develop and sell new applications based on the platform. We consider the static issue first and then use a simple dynamic system where the dynamics comes from the development efforts (spillovers) made on each platforms. In this context, we first identify the conditions for the two platforms to coexist in the long run. From this baseline, we then consider different strategies for the editor. A first strategy is for the editor to {\textquotedblleft}show the code{\textquotedblright} of its software, so as to develop more compatible products. A second strategy is to strategically monitor the compatibility degree between the proprietary and OS platform. In both cases, we analyze whether a mixed industry may be sustainable in the long run.},
	issn = {1942-3934},
	doi = {10.4018/jossp.2009040105},
	author = {Darmon, Eric and Torre, Dominique}
}
@booklet {859,
	title = {Perceptions and Practices of Usability in the Free/Open Source Software (FOSS) Community},
	number = {CS-2009-26},
	year = {2009},
	publisher = {David R. Cheriton School of Computer Science, University of Waterloo},
	author = {Terry, M. and Kay, M. and Lafreniere, B.}
}
@conference {586,
	title = {Quality of Open Source Software: The QualiPSo Trustworthiness Model},
	booktitle = {OSS2009: Open Source Ecosystems: Diverse Communities Interacting (IFIP 2.13)},
	series = {IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology },
	volume = {299/2009},
	year = {2009},
	month = {2009///},
	pages = {199 - 212},
	publisher = {Springer},
	organization = {Springer},
	chapter = {18},
	abstract = {Trustworthiness is one of the main issues upon which the decision whether to adopt an Open-Source Software (OSS) product is based. The work described here is part of an activity that has the goals of 1) defining an adequate notion of trustworthiness of software products and artifacts and 2) identifying a number of factors that influence it. Specifically, this paper reports about the identification of the {\textquotedblleft}dimensions{\textquotedblright} of trustworthiness, i.e., of the high-level qualities that software products and artefacts have to posses in order to be considered trustworthy. These dimensions are described by means of a conceptual model of trustworthiness, which comprises the representation of the factors that affect the user{\textquoteright}s perception of trustworthiness, as well as the objective characteristics of the products that contribute to {\textquotedblleft}build{\textquotedblright} trustworthi-ness. The aforementioned model is equipped with a measurement plan that de-scribes, at the operational level, how to perform the evaluation of the trustwor-thiness of OSS products. The proposed model provides the basis to build quantitative models of the trustworthiness of OSS products and artifacts that are able to explain the relationships between the (objectively observable) characteristics of OSS products and the level of trustworthiness perceived by the users of such products.
},
	issn = {978-3-642-02031-5},
	doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-02032-2_18},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/Quality\%20of\%20Open\%20Source\%20Software.pdf},
	author = {del Bianco, Vieri and Lavazza, Luigi and Morasca, Sandro and Taibi, Davide}
}
@proceedings {811,
	title = {Software Informatics?},
	year = {2009},
	abstract = {The paper proposes the term {\textquoteright}software informatics{\textquoteright} to describe research on the individual, collaborative, and social aspects of software production and use, spanning multiple representations of software from design, to source code, to application. It does this with a particular focus on information processes around software development. As more applications are web-based or available online for download and increasing amounts of source code is also available online, the information processes surrounding software are changing the way that software is created, appropriated and redesigned. Traditional distinctions between software developer and end-user are blurring, with software development processes occurring along a continuum of the proportion of original code written to develop the application, from build from scratch, through library and API calls, copy-paste programming, web mashup development, end-user programming, to creative design through the selection and combination of existing applications. All these design activities have much in common and can benefit from being studied as a whole.},
	url = {http://hdl.handle.net/2142/9600},
	author = {Jones, M. Cameron and Michael B Twidale}
}
@conference {926,
	title = {Tracking concept drift of software projects using defect prediction quality},
	booktitle = {2009 6th IEEE International Working Conference on Mining Software Repositories (MSR)2009 6th IEEE International Working Conference on Mining Software Repositories},
	year = {2009},
	pages = {51 - 60},
	publisher = {IEEE},
	organization = {IEEE},
	address = {Vancouver, BC, Canada},
	abstract = {Defect prediction is an important task in the mining of software repositories, but the quality of predictions varies strongly within and across software projects. In this paper we investigate the reasons why the prediction quality is so fluctuating due to the altering nature of the bug (or defect) fixing process. Therefore, we adopt the notion of a concept drift, which denotes that the defect prediction model has become unsuitable as set of influencing features has changed - usually due to a change in the underlying bug generation process (i.e., the concept). We explore four open source projects (Eclipse, OpenOffice, Netbeans and Mozilla) and construct file-level and project-level features for each of them from their respective CVS and Bugzilla repositories. We then use this data to build defect prediction models and visualize the prediction quality along the time axis. These visualizations allow us to identify concept drifts and - as a consequence - phases of stability and instability expressed in the level of defect prediction quality. Further, we identify those project features, which are influencing the defect prediction quality using both a tree induction-algorithm and a linear regression model. Our experiments uncover that software systems are subject to considerable concept drifts in their evolution history. Specifically, we observe that the change in number of authors editing a file and the number of defects fixed by them contribute to a project{\textquoteright}s concept drift and therefore influence the defect prediction quality. Our findings suggest that project managers using defect prediction models for decision making should be aware of the actual phase of stability or instability due to a potential concept drift.},
	keywords = {bugzilla, cvs, defect prediction, eclipse, mozilla, netbeans, openoffice},
	isbn = {978-1-4244-3493-0},
	doi = {10.1109/MSR.2009.5069480},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/51MSR2009_0111_Ekanayake_Jayalath.pdf},
	author = {Ekanayake, Jayalath and Tappolet, Jonas and Gall, Harald C. and Bernstein, Abraham}
}
@conference {850,
	title = {Two peers are better than one: aggregating peer reviews for computing assignments is surprisingly accurate},
	booktitle = {ACM 2009 International Conference on Supporting Group Work},
	year = {2009},
	month = {05/10/2009},
	pages = {115-124},
	publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	organization = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address = {Sanibel Island, FL},
	isbn = {978-1-60558-500-0 },
	author = {Reily, K. and Finnerty, P.L. and Terveen, L.}
}
@conference {Yatani:2009:UWO:1518701.1518853,
	title = {Understanding how and why open source contributors use diagrams in the development of Ubuntu},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the 27th international conference on Human factors in computing systems},
	series = {CHI {\textquoteright}09},
	year = {2009},
	note = {"To examine how and why diagrams are used in any and all aspects of the software development process of an OSS project, we performed a series of semi-structured interviews with contributors to one particular effort{\textemdash}Ubuntu."
"Our study was divided into two phases. First, we asked participants to complete a questionnaire and provide us with information and materials for discussion. The questionnaire featured questions about participants{\textquoteright} OSS experience, project participation, their roles in each project, and basic demographics. We also asked participants to share diagrams they had created, modified or used as part of their work on Ubuntu. In the second phase of the study, we conducted semi-structured interviews with participants."},
	pages = {995{\textendash}1004},
	publisher = {ACM},
	organization = {ACM},
	address = {New York, NY, USA},
	abstract = {Some of the most interesting differences between Open Source Software (OSS) development and commercial co-located software development lie in the communication and collaboration practices of these two groups of developers. One interesting practice is that of diagramming. Though well studied and important in many aspects of co-located software development (including communication and collaboration among developers), its role in OSS development has not been thoroughly studied. In this paper, we report our investigation on how and why Ubuntu contributors use diagrams in their work. Our study shows that diagrams are not actively used in many scenarios where they commonly would in co-located software development efforts. We describe differences in the use and practices of diagramming, their possible reasons, and present design considerations for potential systems aimed at better supporting diagram use in OSS development.},
	keywords = {developers, diagramming, interviews, open source software (oss), software development, Ubuntu, visual representation},
	isbn = {978-1-60558-246-7},
	doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1518701.1518853},
	url = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1518701.1518853},
	author = {Yatani, Koji and Chung, Eunyoung and Jensen, Carlos and Truong, Khai N.}
}
@conference {804,
	title = {Users of Open Source Software - How do they get help?},
	booktitle = {HICSS 2009},
	year = {2009},
	abstract = {A study was conducted across multiple open source software online technical help communities. This paper presents the types of discussions that occur, the types of questions asked and the type of responses that are given. The implications for socio-technical design are considered, exploring how help requests and discussions can be used to improve future help-giving, documentation and interface and functionality redesign.},
	keywords = {technical help},
	doi = {http://doi.ieeecomputersociety.org/10.1109/HICSS.2009.489},
	author = {Singh, V and Twidale, M.B and Nichols, D.M}
}
@article {10.1109/HICSS.2009.1005,
	title = {Users of Open Source Software - How Do They Get Help?},
	journal = {42nd Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS 2009)},
	year = {2009},
	note = {"we collected twenty threads each from eight different websites making a total of 160 threads"},
	pages = {1-10},
	publisher = {IEEE Computer Society},
	address = {Los Alamitos, CA, USA},
	abstract = {A study was conducted across multiple open source software online technical help communities. This paper presents the types of discussions that occur, the types of questions asked and the type of responses that are given. The implications for socio-technical design are considered, exploring how help requests and discussions can be used to improve future help-giving, documentation and interface and functionality redesign.},
	keywords = {technical help},
	isbn = {978-0-7695-3450-3},
	doi = {http://doi.ieeecomputersociety.org/10.1109/HICSS.2009.1005},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/07-07-04.pdf},
	author = {Singh, Vandana and Michael B Twidale and David M Nichols}
}
@conference {940,
	title = {Using Latent Dirichlet Allocation for automatic categorization of software},
	booktitle = {2009 6th IEEE International Working Conference on Mining Software Repositories (MSR)2009 6th IEEE International Working Conference on Mining Software Repositories},
	year = {2009},
	pages = {163 - 166},
	publisher = {IEEE},
	organization = {IEEE},
	address = {Vancouver, BC, Canada},
	abstract = {In this paper, we propose a technique called LACT for automatically categorizing software systems in open-source repositories. LACT is based on latent Dirichlet Allocation, an information retrieval method which is used to index and analyze source code documents as mixtures of probabilistic topics. For an initial evaluation, we performed two studies. In the first study, LACT was compared against an existing tool, MUDABlue, for classifying 41 software systems written in C into problem domain categories. The results indicate that LACT can automatically produce meaningful category names and yield classification results comparable to MUDABlue. In the second study, we applied LACT to 43 software systems written in different programming languages such as C/C++, Java, C$\#$, PHP, and Perl. The results indicate that LACT can be used effectively for the automatic categorization of software systems regardless of the underlying programming language or paradigm. Moreover, both studies indicate that LACT can identify several new categories that are based on libraries, architectures, or programming languages, which is a promising improvement as compared to manual categorization and existing techniques.},
	keywords = {categorization, category mining, lact, mudablue, multiple languages, repository},
	isbn = {978-1-4244-3493-0},
	doi = {10.1109/MSR.2009.5069496},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/163MSR2009_TianPos.pdf},
	author = {Tian, Kai and Revelle, Meghan and Poshyvanyk, Denys}
}
@article {1402,
	title = {Visual querying and analysis of large software repositories},
	journal = {Empirical Software Engineering},
	volume = {14},
	year = {2009},
	month = {6/2009},
	pages = {316 - 340},
	abstract = {We present a software framework for mining software repositories. Our extensible framework enables the integration of data extraction from repositories with data analysis and interactive visualization. We demonstrate the applicability of the framework by presenting several case studies performed on industry-size software repositories. In each study we use the framework to give answers to one or several software engineering questions addressing a specific project. Next, we validate the answers by comparing them with existing project documentation, by interviewing domain experts and by detailed analyses of the source code. The results show that our framework can be used both for supporting case studies on mining software repository techniques and for building end-user tools for software maintenance support. },
	issn = {1573-7616},
	doi = {10.1007/s10664-008-9068-6},
	author = {Voinea, Lucian and Telea, Alexandru}
}
@conference {851,
	title = {Wikipedians are born, not made: a study of power editors on Wikipedia},
	booktitle = {ACM 2009 International Conference on Group Work},
	year = {2009},
	month = {05/10/2009},
	pages = {51-60},
	publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	organization = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address = {Sanibel Island, FL},
	keywords = {computer-supported, cooperative, interaction, web-based, work,},
	author = {Panciera, K. and Halfaker, A. and Terveen, L.}
}
@conference {1210,
	title = {Author Entropy: A Metric for Characterization  of Software Authorship Patterns},
	booktitle = {3rd Workshop on Public Data about Software Development (WoPDaSD 2008)},
	year = {2008},
	note = {used flossmole to get sample of SF developers},
	month = {2008},
	pages = {42-47},
	abstract = {We propose the concept of author entropy and describe how file-level entropy measures may be used to understand and characterize authorship patterns within individual files, as well as across an entire project. As a proof of concept, we compute author entropy for 28,955 files from 33 open-source projects. We explore patterns of author entropy, identify techniques for visualizing author entropy, and propose avenues for further study. },
	keywords = {developers, entropy, flossmole, sourceforge},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/entropy2008.pdf},
	author = {Taylor, Quinn C. and Stevenson, James E. and Delorey, Daniel P. and Knutson, Charles D.}
}
@conference {1206,
	title = {Collecting data from distributed FOSS projects},
	booktitle = {3rd Workshop on Public Data about Software Development (WoPDaSD 2008)},
	year = {2008},
	note = {"We selected three projects from the initial set of projects: Linux 2.6, an operating system kernel, gimp, a graphics program, and Blender, a 3d content creation suite."
"To acquire data from each data source, we wrote special programs based on the earlier prototypes....The first program extracts information from mailing list archives....The second program obtains bug reports from bug tracking systems....The third program obtains source code from network-accessible version control systems and runs metric calculations on it."},
	month = {2009},
	pages = {8-13},
	abstract = {A key trait of Free and Open Source Software (foss) development is its distributed nature. Nevertheless, two project-level operations, the fork and the merge of program code, are among the least well understood events in the lifespan of a foss project. Some projects have explicitly adopted these operations as the primary means of concurrent development. In this study, we examine the effect of highly distributed software development, as found in the Linux kernel project, on collection and modelling of software development data. We find that distributed development calls for sophisticated temporal modelling techniques where several versions of the source code tree can exist at once. Attention must be turned towards the methods of quality assurance and peer review that projects employ to manage these parallel source trees. Our analysis indicates that two new metrics, fork rate and merge rate, could be useful for determining the role of distributed version control systems in foss projects. The study 
presents a preliminary data set consisting of version control and mailing list data. },
	keywords = {bitkeeper, bug tracking system, cvs, distributed, email archive, fork rate, git, life cycle, linux, linux kernel, mailing list, merge rate, subversion, svn, version control},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/fagerholm.pdf},
	author = {Fagerholm, Fabian and Taina, Juha}
}
@conference {1460670,
	title = {The confusion of crowds: non-dyadic help interactions},
	booktitle = {CSCW {\textquoteright}08: Proceedings of the 2008 ACM conference on Computer supported cooperative work},
	year = {2008},
	pages = {699{\textendash}702},
	publisher = {ACM},
	organization = {ACM},
	address = {New York, NY, USA},
	abstract = {Help-giving interactions in open source technical support 
often involve more people than the conventional help-giver 
help-seeker pair. Contributions include lightweight but 
useful me-too contributions from fellow help-seekers. 
Problems with the reuse of help documentation may be 
resolved by contextualized discussions, and those 
discussions themselves are found to be substantially reused. },
	keywords = {help-giving, technical help},
	isbn = {978-1-60558-007-4},
	doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1460563.1460670},
	author = {Singh, V and Twidale, M.B}
}
@conference {870,
	title = {Crafting the initial user experience to achieve community goals},
	booktitle = {ACM Conference on recommender Systems},
	year = {2008},
	publisher = {ACM},
	organization = {ACM},
	address = {Lausanne, Switzerland},
	isbn = {978-1-60558-093-7},
	author = {Drenner, S. and Sen, S. and Terveen, L.}
}
@article {1091,
	title = {Evaluating the performance of open source software projects using data envelopment analysis},
	journal = {Information Management \& Computer Security},
	volume = {16},
	year = {2008},
	note = {"The data set used for this research consists of 34 OSS software projects listed on sourceforge.net." "only highly ranked projects in the security domain were considered."
"Ultimately data were collected on the 34 highest ranked security-based OSS software projects on Sourcefore.net."[sic]
fields: bug (?), developers, rank, downloads, Kperdownload (?)},
	month = {2008},
	pages = {449 - 462},
	abstract = {	

Purpose {\textendash} The purpose of this paper is to develop and test a model of the relative performance of open source software (OSS) projects.

Design/methodology/approach {\textendash} This paper evaluates the relative performance of OSS projects by evaluating multiple project inputs and multiple project outputs by using a data envelopment analysis (DEA) model. The DEA model produces an efficiency score for each project based on project inputs and outputs. The method of producing an efficiency score is based on the convex envelopment technology structure. The efficiency measure quantifies a {\textquotedblleft}distance{\textquotedblright} to an efficient frontier.

Findings {\textendash} The DEA model produced an index of corresponding intensities linking an inefficient project to its benchmark efficient project(s). The inefficiency measures produced an ordering of inefficient projects. Eight projects were found to be {\textquotedblleft}efficient{\textquotedblright} and used as benchmarking projects.

Research limitations/implications {\textendash} This research is limited to only security-based OSS projects. Future research on other areas of OSS projects is warranted.

Practical implications {\textendash} The result of this research is a practical model that can be used by OSS project developers to evaluate the relative performance of their projects and make resource decisions.

Originality/value {\textendash} This research extends the work of previous studies that have examined the relative performance of software development projects in a traditional development environment. As a result of this research, OSS projects can now be adequately benchmarked and evaluated according to project performance. An OSS project manger can effectively use these results to critically evaluate resources for their project and judge the relative efficiency of the resources.},
	keywords = {dea, efficiency, Project performance, sourceforge},
	issn = {0968-5227},
	doi = {10.1108/09685220810920530},
	author = {Wray, Barry and Mathieu, Richard and Teets, J.}
}
@article {Giuri2008305,
	title = {Explaining leadership in virtual teams: The case of open source software},
	journal = {Information Economics and Policy},
	volume = {20},
	number = {4},
	year = {2008},
	note = {Empirical Issues in Open Source Software},
	pages = {305 - 315},
	abstract = {This paper contributes to the open source software (OSS) literature by investigating the likelihood that a participant becomes a project leader. Project leaders are key actors in a virtual community and are crucial to the success of the OSS model. Knowledge of the forces that lead to the emergence of project managers among the multitude of participants is still limited. We aim to fill this gap in the literature by analyzing the association between the roles played by an individual who is registered with a project, and a set of individual-level and project-level characteristics. In line with the theory of occupational choice elaborated by (Lazear, E.P., 2002. Entrepreneurship. NBER Working Paper No. 9109, Cambridge, Mass; Lazear, E.P., 2004. Balanced skills and entrepreneurship, American Economic Review 94, pp. 208-211), we find that OSS project leaders possess diversified skill sets which are needed to select the inputs provided by various participants, motivate contributors, and coordinate their efforts. Specialists, like pure developers, are endowed with more focused skill sets. Moreover, we find that the degree of modularity of the development process is positively associated with the presence of project leaders. That result is consistent with the modern theory of modular production (Baldwin, C.Y., Clark, K.B., 1997. Managing in an age of modularity. Harvard Business Review September-October. pp. 84-93; Mateos-Garcia, J., Steinmueller, W.E., 2003. The Open Source Way of Working: A New Paradigm for the Division of Labour in Software Development? SPRU - Science and Technology Policy Studies. Open Source Movement Research INK Working Paper, No. 1; Aoki, M., 2004. An organizational architecture of T-form: Silicon Valley clustering and its institutional coherence. Industrial and Corporate Change 13, pp. 967-981).},
	keywords = {contributors, Human capital, leadership, roles, sourceforge, team},
	issn = {0167-6245},
	doi = {DOI: 10.1016/j.infoecopol.2008.06.002},
	url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6V8J-4SRW10C-1/2/5ce36096ba3947338962268b54a5a7a9},
	author = {Paola Giuri and Francesco Rullani and Salvatore Torrisi}
}
@conference {551,
	title = {Extracting Generally Applicable Patterns from Object-Oriented Programs for the Purpose of Test Case Creation},
	booktitle = {OSS2008: Open Source Development, Communities and Quality (IFIP 2.13)},
	series = {IFIP International Federation for Information Processing},
	volume = {275/2008},
	year = {2008},
	month = {2008///},
	pages = {281 - 287},
	publisher = {Springer},
	organization = {Springer},
	chapter = {24},
	abstract = {This paper presents an experiment performed on three large open source applications. The applications were instrumented automatically with a total of 10,494 instrumentation points. The purpose of the instrumentation was to collect and store data during the execution of each application that later could be analyzed off-line. Data analysis, on the collected data, allowed for the creation of test cases (test data, test fixtures and test evaluators) in addition to finding object message patterns for object-oriented software.
},
	issn = {978-0-387-09683-4},
	doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-09684-1_24},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/Extracting\%20Generally\%20Applicable\%20Patterns.pdf},
	author = {Torkar, Richard and Feldt, Robert and Gorschek, Tony}
}
@conference {Twidale2008,
	title = {Infrastructures From the Bottom-Up and the Top-Down: Can They Meet in the Middle?},
	booktitle = {Proceedings PDC 2008},
	year = {2008},
	pages = {238-241},
	abstract = {Based on a study of participatory design in the development of cyberinfrastructure involving the rapid composition of open source software and web services, we consider cases where researchers create their own ad hoc infrastructures out of available software. We compare "top- down" and "bottom-up" cyberinfrastructure development and speculate on whether the two approaches can be productively combined.},
	author = {Twidale, M.B and Floyd, I.R.}
}
@proceedings {813,
	title = {Infrastructures From the Bottom-Up and the Top-Down: Can They Meet in the Middle?},
	year = {2008},
	pages = {238-241.},
	abstract = {Based on a study of participatory design in the development of cyberinfrastructure involving the rapid composition of open source software and web services, we consider cases where researchers create their own ad hoc infrastructures out of available software. We compare "top- down" and "bottom-up" cyberinfrastructure development and speculate on whether the two approaches can be productively combined.},
	url = {http://hdl.handle.net/2142/9526},
	author = {Twidale, M.B and Floyd, I.R.}
}
@conference {530,
	title = {Mapping Linux Security Targets to Existing Test Suites},
	booktitle = {OSS2008: Open Source Development, Communities and Quality (IFIP 2.13)},
	series = {IFIP International Federation for Information Processing},
	volume = {275/2008},
	year = {2008},
	month = {2008///},
	pages = {29 - 45},
	publisher = {Springer},
	organization = {Springer},
	chapter = {3},
	abstract = {The Common Criteria standard provides an infrastructure for evaluating security functions of IT products and for certifying that security policies claimed by product suppliers are correctly enforced by the security functions themselves. Certifying Open Source software (OSS) can pave the way to OSS adoption in a number of security-conscious application environments. Recent experiences in certifying Linux distributions has pointed out the problem of finding a mapping between descriptions of OSS security functions and existingtest suites developed independently, such as the Linux Test Project. In this paper, we describe a mechanism, based on matching techniques, which semiautomatically associates security functions to existing test suite such as the ones developed by Open Source communities.
},
	issn = {978-0-387-09683-4},
	doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-09684-1_3},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/Mapping\%20Linux\%20Security\%20Targets.pdf},
	author = {Ardagna, C. and Damiani, E. and Ioini, N. and Frati, F. and Giovannini, P. and Tchokpon, R.}
}
@conference {537,
	title = {Open to Grok. How do Hackers{\textquoteright} Practices Produce Hackers?},
	booktitle = {OSS2008: Open Source Development, Communities and Quality (IFIP 2.13)},
	series = {IFIP International Federation for Information Processing},
	volume = {275/2008},
	year = {2008},
	month = {2008///},
	pages = {121 - 129},
	publisher = {Springer},
	organization = {Springer},
	chapter = {10},
	abstract = {How do hackers{\textquoteright} practices produce hackers{\textquoteright} identities? In this paper we argue that the association between science fiction and software programs is rooted in hackers{\textquoteright} practices, defining how hackers{\textquoteright} knowledge{\textquoteright} emerge. The mediation is the one of the Heinlein verb {\textquotedblleft}to grok{\textquotedblright}, part of the Jargon file and of the name of a code browser, OpenGrok, the technology mediating the relationship between OpenSolaris developers and the code base. Starting with a description of the peculiarity of the verb {\textquotedblleft}to grok{\textquotedblright}, and its connection with a non-Cartesian view of knowledge, we discuss how the history of OpenGrok and its use by developers make this knowledge part of hackers{\textquoteright} practices and identities, as someone involved in a true, deep understanding of software.
},
	issn = {978-0-387-09683-4},
	doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-09684-1_10},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/Open\%20to\%20Grok.pdf},
	author = {D{\textquoteright}Andrea, Vincenzo and De Paoli, Stefano and Teli, Maurizio}
}
@conference {Thummalapenta:2008:SDF:1370750.1370775,
	title = {SpotWeb: detecting framework hotspots via mining open source repositories on the web},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2008 international working conference on Mining software repositories},
	series = {MSR {\textquoteright}08},
	year = {2008},
	month = {05/2008},
	pages = {109{\textendash}112},
	publisher = {ACM},
	organization = {ACM},
	address = {New York, NY, USA},
	abstract = {The essentials of modern software development (such as low cost and high efficiency) demand software developers to make intensive reuse of existing open source frameworks or libraries (generally referred as frameworks) available on the web. However, developers often face challenges in reusing these frameworks due to several factors such as the complexity and lack of proper documentation. In this paper, we propose a code-search-engine-based approach that tries to detect hotspots in a given framework by mining code examples gathered from open source repositories available on the web; these hotspots are the APIs that are frequently reused.

Hotspots can serve as starting points for developers in understanding and reusing the given framework. We developed a tool, called SpotWeb, for frameworks or libraries written in Java and conducted two case studies with two open source frameworks JUnit and Log4j. We also show that the detected hotspots of Log4j and JUnit are consistent with their respective documentations.},
	keywords = {code reuse, code search engine, frameworks, hotspots, junit, log4j, repositories},
	isbn = {978-1-60558-024-1},
	doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1370750.1370775},
	url = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1370750.1370775},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/p109-thummalapenta.pdf},
	author = {Thummalapenta, Suresh and Xie, Tao}
}
@conference {564,
	title = {Towards The Evaluation of OSS Trustworthiness: Lessons Learned From The Observation of Relevant OSS Projects},
	booktitle = {OSS2008: Open Source Development, Communities and Quality (IFIP 2.13)},
	series = {IFIP International Federation for Information Processing},
	volume = {275/2008},
	year = {2008},
	month = {2008///},
	pages = {389 - 395},
	publisher = {Springer},
	organization = {Springer},
	chapter = {37},
	abstract = {To facilitate the adoption of open-source software (OSS) in industry, it is important to provide potential users (i.e., those who could decide to adopt OSS) with the means for evaluating the trustworthiness of OS products. This paper presents part of the work done in the QualiPSo project for this purpose. A set of factors that are believed to affect the perception of trustworthiness are introduced. In order to test the feasibility of deriving a correct, complete and reliable evaluation of trustworthiness on the basis of these factors, a set of well-known OSS projects have been chosen. Then, the possibility to assess the proposed factors on each project was verified: not all the factors appear to be observable or measurable. The paper reports what information is available to support the evaluation and what is not. This knowledge is considered to be useful to users, who are warned that there are still dark areas in the characterization of OSS products, and to developers, who should provide more data and characteristics on their products in order to support their adoption.
},
	issn = {978-0-387-09683-4},
	doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-09684-1_37},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/Toward\%20the\%20Evaluation\%20of\%20OSS.pdf},
	author = {Taibi, Davide and del Bianco, Vieri and Carbonare, Davide and Lavazza, Luigi and Morasca, Sandro}
}
@conference {882,
	title = {Creating, Destroying, and Restoring Value in Wikipedia},
	booktitle = {Conference on Supporting Group Work},
	year = {2007},
	author = {Reid Priedhorsky and Jilin Chen and Shyong K. Lam and Katherine Panciera and Loren Terveen and John Riedl}
}
@article {flosswp327,
	title = {An Empirical Investigation of Code Contribution, Communication Participation and Release Strategies in Open Source Software Development: A Conditional Hazard Model Approach},
	year = {2007},
	month = {January},
	abstract = {This study uses data from over 200 open source software (OSS) projects hosted at Sourceforge to empirically examine how OSS development characteristics affect project progress. Consistent with prior studies, we find that core developers (i.e., top 20 \% of the most contributing developers) develop about 80\% of the code. We also find that a group of developers that is about 50\% larger than the core group is responsible for 80\% of the communication. On average, the top 30\% developers contribute about 81\% of the messages. It is observed that projects with a clearly identified core group of developers conducting most of the coding are more efficient for project progress. We also find that highly participative peripheral group in communication positively affects project progress. In addition, high level of communication interactivity, measured by the number of email threads and average thread depth, enables a project to progress well. Our results also show that projects that draw upon the larger OSS community for beta testing progress faster. We find that the projects that do not progress well are associated with the following major factors: (i) lack of a core developer group, (ii) dormant peripheral group in communication, (iii) low communication interactivity exemplified by the lack of depth in threaded communications, and (iv) over-dependence on internal community for beta testing.},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/singh_fan_tan.pdf},
	author = {Param Vir Singh and Ming Fan and Yong Tan}
}
@conference {668,
	title = {FOSLET 07 {\textemdash} Workshop on Free and Open Source Learning Environments and Tools},
	booktitle = {OSS2007: Open Source Development, Adoption and Innovation (IFIP 2.13)},
	series = {IFIP International Federation for Information Processing },
	volume = {234/2007},
	year = {2007},
	month = {2007///},
	pages = {385 - 387},
	publisher = {Springer},
	organization = {Springer},
	chapter = {52},
	abstract = {Web-based Learning Environments supported by Course Management Systems (also known as Learning Management Systems) are nowadays a valid solution for institutions, companies, schools and universities that deliver eLearning or support blended-learning activities. Learning Environments are used to distribute information and content material to learners, prepare and deliver assignments and tests, engage in discussions, and manage distance classes without time and space restrictions.
},
	issn = {978-0-387-72485-0},
	doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-72486-7_52},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/FOSLET\%2007\%20workshop.pdf},
	author = {Botturi, Luca and Mazza, Riccardo and Tardini, Stefano}
}
@conference {653,
	title = {Free/Open Source Software Adoption, Public Policies and Development Indicators: An International Comparison},
	booktitle = {OSS2007: Open Source Development, Adoption and Innovation (IFIP 2.13)},
	series = {IFIP International Federation for Information Processing },
	volume = {234/2007},
	year = {2007},
	month = {2007///},
	pages = {331 - 336},
	publisher = {Springer},
	organization = {Springer},
	chapter = {37},
	abstract = {Despite the growing body of research on the inner workings of FOSS development, there are few studies on its relation with broader developments in society. In this study we have attempted a preliminary investigation of (1) how FOSS prevalence is related to economic and human development indicators of countries, (2) whether public policies regarding FOSS emerge in a consistent relation with these indicators in several clusters of countries constructed from the United Nation{\textquoteright}s human development index, and (3) the relation of software piracy to development indicators. Our results point to relative significance of non-economic factors in FOSS adoption, lack of consistent policies among public agencies, and irrelevance of non-economic factors on software piracy. In addition, the study demonstrates the possibility of developing FOSS indices for larger scale diagnosis and strategizing.
},
	issn = {978-0-387-72485-0},
	doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-72486-7_37},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/Free\%20OSS\%20Adoption.pdf},
	author = {Schmidbauer, Harald and Gen{\c c}er, Mehmet and Tunal{\i}o_lu, Vehbi}
}
@proceedings {149,
	title = {Investigating success of open source software projects: A social network perspective},
	year = {2007},
	keywords = {CollectedOwnData NoShare},
	author = {Jing Wu and Khim-Yong Goh and Qian Tang}
}
@conference {999,
	title = {Mining Software Repositories with iSPAROL and a Software Evolution Ontology},
	booktitle = {Fourth International Workshop on Mining Software RepositoriesFourth International Workshop on Mining Software Repositories (MSR{\textquoteright}07:ICSE Workshops 2007)},
	year = {2007},
	pages = {10 - 10},
	publisher = {IEEE},
	organization = {IEEE},
	address = {Minneapolis, MN, USA},
	abstract = {One of the most important decisions researchers face when analyzing the evolution of software systems is the choice of a proper data analysis/exchange format. Most existing formats have to be processed with special programs written specifically for that purpose and are not easily extendible. Most scientists, therefore, use their own database(s) requiring each of them to repeat the work of writing the import/export programs to their format.

We present EvoOnt, a software repository data exchange format based on the Web Ontology Language (OWL). EvoOnt includes software, release, and bug-related information. Since OWL describes the semantics of the data, EvoOnt is (1) easily extendible, (2) comes with many existing tools, and (3) allows to derive assertions through its inherent Description Logic reasoning capabilities.

The paper also shows iSPARQL -- our SPARQL-based Semantic Web query engine containing similarity joins. Together with EvoOnt, iSPARQL can accomplish a sizable number of tasks sought in software repository mining projects, such as an assessment of the amount of change between versions or the detection of bad code smells. To illustrate the usefulness of EvoOnt (and iSPARQL), we perform a series of experiments with a real-world Java project. These show that a number of software analyses can be reduced to simple iSPARQL queries on an EvoOnt dataset.},
	keywords = {database, eclipse, evoont, java, owl, semantic, sparql},
	isbn = {0-7695-2950-X},
	doi = {10.1109/MSR.2007.21},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/28300010.pdf},
	author = {Kiefer, Christoph and Bernstein, Abraham and Tappolet, Jonas}
}
@article {flosswp360,
	title = {Open Source Software and Economic Growth: A Classical Division of Labor Perspective},
	year = {2007},
	month = {August},
	abstract = {The article turns to classical economic insights on the division of labor and to institutional reasoning to identify some costs and benefits of Open Source Software (OSS) and proprietary software production. It suggests that, thanks to its licenses, OSS favors market expansion more than proprietary software does by tapping into spontaneous work input. The spontaneous tapping leads to a division of labor that exhibits what the article calls redundant economies. By generating a circle of knowledge growth, reuse, and sharing, redundant economies lead to increasing returns, which are crucial for economic growth.},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/0SSGROWTHMIT.pdf},
	author = {Giampaolo Garzarelli and Yasmina Reem Limam and Bj{\o}rn Thomassen}
}
@conference {630,
	title = {OpenBQR: a framework for the assessment of OSS},
	booktitle = {OSS2007: Open Source Development, Adoption and Innovation (IFIP 2.13)},
	series = {IFIP International Federation for Information Processing },
	volume = {234/2007},
	year = {2007},
	month = {2007///},
	pages = {173 - 186},
	publisher = {Springer},
	organization = {Springer},
	chapter = {14},
	abstract = {People and organizations that are considering the adoption of OSS, or that need to choose among different OS products face the problem of evaluating OSS in a systematic, sound and complete way. While several proposals concerning the evaluation of costs and benefits exist, little attention has been given to the evaluation of technical qualities and, in general, to the {\textquotedblleft}usage-oriented{\textquotedblright} issues. In this paper the existing proposals are examined, the different types of qualities and issues that are relevant to potential users are described, and a coherent and innovative method for the evaluation of OSS is proposed. The proposed method is expected to support the potential user in the evaluation and choice of OSS in a flexible way, taking into account all the aspects that are relevant to the user.
},
	issn = {978-0-387-72485-0},
	doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-72486-7_14},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/OpenBQR.pdf},
	author = {Taibi, Davide and Lavazza, Luigi and Morasca, Sandro}
}
@inbook {812,
	title = {Patchworks of Open-Source Software: High-Fidelity Low-cost Prototypes. },
	booktitle = {The Handbook of Research on Open Source Software. },
	year = {2007},
	pages = {126-140.},
	publisher = {Idea Group, Inc.},
	organization = {Idea Group, Inc.},
	author = {Jones, M.C. and Floyd, I.R. and Twidale, M.B}
}
@proceedings {144,
	title = {Social capital, structural holes and team composition: collaborative networks of the open source software community},
	year = {2007},
	keywords = {NotreDameArchive},
	author = {Yong Tan and Vijay Mookerjee and Param Vir Singh}
}
@conference {874,
	title = {Talk Amongst Yourselves: Inviting Users to Participate in Online Conversations.},
	booktitle = {International Conference on Intelligent User Interfaces  },
	series = {Proceedings of the 12th international conference on Intelligent user interfaces},
	year = {2007},
	month = {28/01/2007},
	pages = {62-71},
	publisher = {ACM},
	organization = {ACM},
	address = {Honolulu, Hawaii},
	isbn = {1-59593-481-2},
	author = {F. Harper and D. Frankowski and Drenner, S. and Y. Ren and S. Kiesler and Terveen, L. and Kraut, R. and Riedl, J.}
}
@article {flosswp352,
	title = {A test of Lazear{\textquoteright}s theory of entrepreneurship in the Open Source Software virtual community},
	year = {2007},
	month = {March},
	abstract = {This paper studies the emergence of entrepreneurs and their skill profile in the open source software community. We test the hypothesis that entrepreneurs, carrying out complex, multi-task activities, have more balanced skill sets compared with individuals who are less involved in project management activities. Our empirical analysis employs the SourceForge dataset containing information on 77,039 individuals working in 54,229 OSS projects. We estimate logit and ordered logit models to explore the likelihood that an individual is a project founder or manager. Our main regressors include individual attributes like skill level and diversity, and project-level controls. Results support our hypothesis.},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/giurirullanitorrisi.pdf},
	author = {Paola Giuri and Francesco Rullani and Salvatore Torrisi}
}
@conference {807,
	title = {Web Mash-ups and Patchwork Prototyping: User-driven technological innovation with Web 2.0 and Open Source Software},
	booktitle = {2007 40th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS{\textquoteright}07)2007 40th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS{\textquoteright}07)},
	year = {2007},
	pages = {86 - 86},
	publisher = {IEEE},
	organization = {IEEE},
	address = {Waikoloa, HI, USA},
	abstract = {The recent emergence of web mash-ups and open
source software is driving the development of new
practices in software and systems development. In this
paper we explore novel practices of user-driven
innovation through an examination of several case
studies which illustrate how users and developers are
exploiting the proliferation of open APIs and open
source systems. Developers can rapidly create proofs
of concept that are robust enough for actual use by
combining preexisting software components. The
underlying programming processes involved make use
of tried-and-true software development techniques,
and may not appear innovative at first. However, the
application of these practices and techniques to
problem solving by non-programmers shows a high
degree of creative innovation, giving rise to new ways
of thinking about technology design and production.},
	isbn = {0-7695-2755-8},
	issn = {1530-1605},
	doi = {10.1109/HICSS.2007.612},
	author = {Floyd, I.R. and Jones, M.C. and Rathi, D. and Twidale, M.B}
}
@conference {Tsunoda:2006:AOD:1137983.1138031,
	title = {Analyzing OSS developers{\textquoteright} working time using mailing lists archives},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2006 international workshop on Mining software repositories},
	series = {MSR {\textquoteright}06},
	year = {2006},
	pages = {181{\textendash}182},
	publisher = {ACM},
	organization = {ACM},
	address = {New York, NY, USA},
	abstract = {Our mining question is {\textquotedblleft}when OSS developers work?{\textquotedblright} OSS developers{\textquoteright} working time may be a good indicator to understand the development style of a project. (For example, if many developers work in office hour, these might be daily works in a company.)},
	keywords = {developers, email, email archives, mailing lists, mining challenge, msr challenge, overtime work, postgresql, workload},
	isbn = {1-59593-397-2},
	doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1137983.1138031},
	url = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1137983.1138031},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/181AnalyzingOSS.pdf},
	author = {Tsunoda, Masateru and Monden, Akito and Kakimoto, Takeshi and Kamei, Yasutaka and Matsumoto, Ken-ichi}
}
@conference {887,
	title = {Because I Carry My Cell Phone Anyway: Functional Location-Based Reminder Applications},
	booktitle = {ACM SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	year = {2006},
	month = {22/04/2006},
	pages = {889-898},
	publisher = {ACM},
	organization = {ACM},
	address = {Montreal, Quebec, Canada},
	isbn = {1-59593-372-7},
	author = {Ludford, P. and D. Frankowski and Reily, K. and Wilms, K. and Terveen, L.}
}
@article {flosswp322,
	title = {Developer Learning Dynamics in Open Source Software Projects: A Hidden Markov Model Analysis},
	year = {2006},
	month = {December},
	abstract = {This work proposes a dynamic model of developer learning in open source software (OSS) projects. A Hidden Markov Model (HMM) is proposed to explain how the code contribution behaviors of OSS de-velopers change as their levels of knowledge on their projects increase. In this model, discrete hidden states represent the unobserved knowledge levels of developers, and their observed code contribution be-haviors are modeled as state dependent. Developers??? knowledge levels evolve as they learn about the pro-jects over time. Two modes of learning are considered: learning-by-doing (code development) and learn-ing through interactions with peers. The model is calibrated using data spanning six years for 25 OSS pro-jects and 251 developers hosted at Sourceforge. The proposed model identifies three knowledge states (high, medium, and low) and estimates the impact of the two modes of learning on the transition of devel-opers between the three knowledge states. The model results suggest that in the low knowledge state de-velopers exhibit the greatest inertia, followed by those in the medium and high states. Both modes of learning are found to have varying impact across the three knowledge states. Interactions with peers ap-pear to be an important source of learning for developers in all states. A developer in the low state learns only through participation in threads started by others. Prior code contribution and starting discussion by initiating threads do not impact the knowledge level of a developer in the low state. Initiating threads, par-ticipating in threads started by others, and prior code contributions have positive impacts on the knowl-edge level of a developer in the medium or high state and, hence, influence his long term code contribu-tion behavior. Explanations for these varying impacts of learning activities on the transitions of develop-ers between the three states are provided. We also find a lack of persistence of knowledge in all states. The HMM better describes the data than a latent class model which would suggests that the learning ac-tivities have a long term, dynamic impact, rather than an immediate, static impact on the code contribu-tion behavior of a developer.},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/singh-youn-tan.pdf},
	author = {Param Vir Singh and Nara Youn and Yong Tan}
}
@conference {688,
	title = {Development Platforms as a Niche for Software Companies in Open Source Software},
	booktitle = {OSS2006: Open Source Systems (IFIP 2.13)},
	series = {IFIP International Federation for Information Processing },
	volume = {203/2006},
	year = {2006},
	month = {2006///},
	pages = {341 - 342},
	publisher = {Springer},
	organization = {Springer},
	abstract = {Without Abstract},
	issn = {978-0-387-34225-2},
	doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/0-387-34226-5_37},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/Development\%20Platforms\%20as\%20a\%20Niche.pdf},
	author = {Savonnet, Marinette and Leclercq, Eric and Terrasse, Marie-No{\"e}lle and Grison, Thierry and Becker, George and Farizy, Anne and Denoyelle, Ludovic}
}
@conference {888,
	title = {Insert Movie Reference Here: A System to Bridge Conversation and Item-Oriented Web Sites},
	booktitle = {ACM SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	year = {2006},
	month = {22/04/2006},
	pages = {951-954},
	publisher = {ACM},
	organization = {ACM},
	isbn = {1-59593-372-7},
	author = {Sara Drenner and Max Harper and Dan Frankowski and John Riedl and Loren Terveen}
}
@conference {Voinea:2006:MSR:1137983.1138024,
	title = {Mining software repositories with CVSgrab},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2006 international workshop on Mining software repositories},
	series = {MSR {\textquoteright}06},
	year = {2006},
	pages = {167{\textendash}168},
	publisher = {ACM},
	organization = {ACM},
	address = {New York, NY, USA},
	keywords = {argouml, cvs, cvsgrab, evolution, mining challenge, msr challenge, postgresql, software visualization, source code, team, visualization},
	isbn = {1-59593-397-2},
	doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1137983.1138024},
	url = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1137983.1138024},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/167MiningSoftware.pdf},
	author = {Voinea, Lucian and Telea, Alexandru}
}
@conference {889,
	title = {Motivating Participation by Displaying the Value of Contribution},
	booktitle = {ACM SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	year = {2006},
	month = {22/04/2006},
	pages = {955-958},
	publisher = {ACM},
	organization = {ACM},
	address = {Montreal, Quebec, Canada},
	isbn = {1-59593-372-7},
	author = {Al Mamunur Rashid and Kimberly Ling and Regina D Tassone and Paul Resnick and Robert Kraut and John Riedl}
}
@conference {698,
	title = {Networks of Open Source Health Care Action},
	booktitle = {OSS2006: Open Source Systems (IFIP 2.13)},
	series = {IFIP International Federation for Information Processing},
	year = {2006},
	pages = {135 - 141},
	publisher = {Springer},
	organization = {Springer},
	abstract = {This paper reports on an effort to create a network of both developers and users of a public health information system. Through an analysis of capacity, recruitment, and power in the network, issues related to choice of technologies, global-local tensions, and parameters of institutional collaboration, we illustrate a number of challenges. Comparing OSS principles to a {\textquotedblleft}Networks of Action{\textquotedblright} approach, conditions for learning in organizing training and development of software with participants from Africa, Asia, and Europe, as well as the involvement of advanced students in such efforts are discussed.
},
	doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/0-387-34226-5_13},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/Networks\%20of\%20Open\%20Source\%20Health\%20Care\%20Action.pdf},
	author = {Staring, Knut and Titlestad, Ola}
}
@conference {Voinea:2006:OFC:1137983.1137993,
	title = {An open framework for CVS repository querying, analysis and visualization},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2006 international workshop on Mining software repositories},
	series = {MSR {\textquoteright}06},
	year = {2006},
	pages = {33{\textendash}39},
	publisher = {ACM},
	organization = {ACM},
	address = {New York, NY, USA},
	abstract = {We present an open framework for visual mining of CVS software repositories. We address three aspects: data extraction, analysis and visualization. We first discuss the challenges of CVS data extraction and storage, and propose a flexible way to deal with CVS implementation inconsistencies. We next present a new technique to enrich the raw data with information about artifacts showing similar evolution. Finally, we propose a visualization backend and show its applicability on industry-size repositories.},
	keywords = {argouml, cvs, cvsgrab, evolution visualization, postgresql, software visualization},
	isbn = {1-59593-397-2},
	doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1137983.1137993},
	url = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1137983.1137993},
	author = {Voinea, Lucian and Telea, Alexandru}
}
@conference {814,
	title = {Open Source Technical Support: A Look at Peer Help-Giving},
	booktitle = {39th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS{\textquoteright}06)Proceedings of the 39th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS{\textquoteright}06)},
	volume = {6},
	year = {2006},
	pages = {118c},
	publisher = {IEEE},
	organization = {IEEE},
	address = {Kauia, HI, USA},
	abstract = {We explore online technical support of open source software by a study of postings to discussion boards. Our results indicate that there are several types of detail that are required by the help-givers to be able to diagnose and remediate help-seekers{\textquoteright} difficulties. As a result help interactions may iterate somewhat inefficiently. These findings are compared with studies of telephone technical help lines for commercial software, and library reference interviews. By considering certain rather problematic interactions we can identify ways to improve the process.},
	doi = {10.1109/HICSS.2006.370},
	author = {Singh, V and Twidale, M.B and Rathi, D.}
}
@conference {702,
	title = {Organization of Internet Standards},
	booktitle = {OSS2006: Open Source Systems (IFIP 2.13)},
	series = {IFIP International Federation for Information Processing},
	year = {2006},
	pages = {267 - 272},
	publisher = {Springer},
	organization = {Springer},
	abstract = {In this study we look at a body of standards documents in RFCs(Request For Comments) of IETF (Internet Engineering Task Force). The cross references between these documents form a network. Approaches from social network analysis are deployed to assess centrality of artifacts in this network and identify cohesive subgroups and levels of cohesion. Our results demonstrate major groups centered around key standard tracks, and application of network metrics reflect different levels of cohesion for these groups. As application of these techniques in such domains is unusual, possible uses in open source projects for strategizing are discussed.
},
	doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/0-387-34226-5_27},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/Organization\%20of\%20Internet\%20Standards.pdf},
	author = {Gen{\c c}er, Mehmet and Oba, Beyza and {\"O}zel, B{\"u}lent and Tunal{\i}o{\u g}lu, V.}
}
@conference {706,
	title = {Retrieving Open Source Software Licenses},
	booktitle = {OSS2006: Open Source Systems (IFIP 2.13)},
	series = {IFIP International Federation for Information Processing},
	year = {2006},
	pages = {35 - 46},
	publisher = {Springer},
	organization = {Springer},
	abstract = {Open Source Software maintenance and reuse require identifying and comprehending the applied software licenses. This paper first characterizes software maintenance, and open source software (OSS) reuse which are particularly relevant in this context. The information needs of maintainers and reusers can be supported by reverse engineering tools at different information retrieval levels. The paper presents an automated license retrieval approach called ASLA. User needs, system architecture, tool features, and tool evaluation are presented. The implemented tool features support identifying source file dependencies and licenses in source files, and adding new license templates for identifying licenses. The tool is evaluated against another tool for license information extraction. ASLA requires the source code as available input but is otherwise not limited to OSS. It supports the same programming languages as GCC. License identification coverage is good and the tool is extendable.
},
	keywords = {gaim, license, license analysis, maintenance, mozilla, reuse},
	doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/0-387-34226-5_4},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/Retrieving\%20Open\%20Source\%20Software\%20Licenses.pdf},
	author = {Tuunanen, Timo and Koskinen, Jussi and K{\"a}rkk{\"a}inen, Tommi}
}
@article {1088,
	title = {Self-Organization Patterns in Wasp and Open Source Communities},
	journal = {IEEE Intelligent Systems},
	volume = {21},
	year = {2006},
	note = {"To investigate such claims, we studied an OSS community{\textquoteright}s social network from a dataset describing the email activity of 120 different software teams"
"Our test data originated from Sourceforge (http://sourceforge.net), a large open source project repository, and included communi- ties ranging from very small networks with one or two members to large networks with thousands of members."
"we limited our consideration to email traffic associated with bug fixes and bug reporting. As other researchers have shown[5] this email subset allows an effective reconstruction of the software community{\textquoteright}s social network."
"We thank Kevin Crowston and James Howison for making their software data publicly available."},
	month = {03/2006},
	pages = {36 - 40},
	abstract = {In this paper, we conducted a comparative study of how social organization takes place in a wasp colony and OSS developer communities. Both these systems display similar global organization patterns, such as hierarchies and clear labor divisions. As our analysis shows, both systems also define interacting agent networks with similar common features that reflect limited information sharing among agents. As far as we know, this is the first research study analyzing the patterns and functional significance of these systems{\textquoteright} weighted-interaction networks. By illuminating the extent to which self-organization is responsible for patterns such as hierarchical structure, we can gain insight into the origins of organization in OSS communities.},
	keywords = {agents, decentralization, developers, email, email archives, flossmole, hierarchy, labor division, organization, self-organizing teams, social network analysis, social networks, sourceforge, teams, wasps},
	issn = {1541-1672},
	doi = {10.1109/MIS.2006.34},
	url = {http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.95.5574\&rep=rep1\&type=pdf},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/valverde.pdf},
	author = {Valverde, S. and Theraulaz, G. and Gautrais, J. and Fourcassie, V. and Sole, R.V.}
}
@article {flosswp351,
	title = {Skills, Division of Labor and Performance in Collective Inventions. Evidence from the Open Source Software},
	year = {2006},
	month = {July},
	abstract = {This paper investigates the role of skills and the division of labor among participants in collective inventions. Our analysis draws on a large sample of projects registered at Sourceforge.net, the world{\textquoteright}s largest incubator of open source software activity. We test the hypothesis that the level of skills of participants and their skill variety are important for project performance. Skill heterogeneity across participants is in line with two fundamental organizational features of the open source development model: team work and modular design. We also explore the hypothesis whether the level of modularization of project activities is an important predictor of performance. Our econometric estimations show that both skill level and skill heterogeneity positively affect projects{\textquoteright} survival and performances. However, the impact of skill diversity is non linear. Design modularity is also positively associated with the performance of the project.},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/giuriplonerrullanitorrisi.pdf},
	author = {Paola Giuri and Matteo Ploner and Francesco Rullani and Salvatore Torrisi}
}
@article {808,
	title = {Usability processes in open source projects},
	journal = {Software Process: Improvement and Practice},
	volume = {11},
	year = {2006},
	month = {03/2006},
	pages = {149 - 162},
	abstract = {We explore how some open source projects address issues of usability. We describe the mechanisms, techniques and technology used by open source communities to design and refine the interfaces to their programs. In particular we consider how these developers cope with their distributed community, lack of domain expertise, limited resources and separation from their users. We also discuss how bug reporting and discussion systems can be improved to better support bug reporters and open source developers.},
	issn = {1099-1670},
	doi = {10.1002/spip.256},
	author = {David M Nichols and Michael B Twidale}
}
@article {893,
	title = {User Choices and Regret: Understanding Users{\textquoteright} Decision Process bout Consensually Acquired Spyware},
	journal = {I/S: A Journal of Law and Policy for the Information Society},
	volume = {2},
	number = {2},
	year = {2006},
	month = {01/2006},
	author = {N. Good and J. Grossklags and Konstan, J.A. and D. Mulligan and A. Perzanowski and D. Thaw}
}
@conference {890,
	title = {Using Intelligent Task Routing and Contribution Review to Help Communities Build Artifacts of Lasting Value},
	booktitle = {ACM SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	year = {2006},
	month = {22/04/2006},
	pages = {1037-1046},
	publisher = {ACM},
	organization = {ACM},
	address = {Montreal, Quebec, Canada},
	isbn = {1-59593-372-7},
	author = {Cosley, D. and D. Frankowski and Terveen, L. and Riedl, J.}
}
@conference {Kakimoto:2006:USB:1137983.1138026,
	title = {Using software birthmarks to identify similar classes and major functionalities},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2006 international workshop on Mining software repositories},
	series = {MSR {\textquoteright}06},
	year = {2006},
	pages = {171{\textendash}172},
	publisher = {ACM},
	organization = {ACM},
	address = {New York, NY, USA},
	keywords = {argouml, class, file, mining challenge, msr challenge, multi-dimensional scaling, similarity, software birthmark, source code},
	isbn = {1-59593-397-2},
	doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1137983.1138026},
	url = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1137983.1138026},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/171UsingSoftware.pdf},
	author = {Kakimoto, Takeshi and Monden, Akito and Kamei, Yasutaka and Tamada, Haruaki and Tsunoda, Masateru and Matsumoto, Ken-ichi}
}
@conference {815,
	title = {Wikifying your interface:  Facilitating Community-Based Interface Translation},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the 6th ACM conference on Designing Interactive systems  - DIS {\textquoteright}06},
	year = {2006},
	pages = {321-330},
	publisher = {ACM Press},
	organization = {ACM Press},
	abstract = {We explore the application of a wiki-based technology and
style of interaction to enabling the incremental translation
of a collaborative application into a number of different
languages, including variant English language interfaces
better suited to the needs of particular user communities.
The development work allows us to explore in more detail
the design space of functionality and interfaces relating to
tailoring, customization, personalization and localization,
and the challenges of designing to support ongoing
incremental contributions by members of different use
communities.},
	isbn = {1595933670},
	doi = {10.1145/1142405.1142453},
	author = {Jones, M.C. and Rathi, D. and Twidale, M.B}
}
@conference {795,
	title = {The challenges of creating open source education software: the Gild experience},
	booktitle = {OSS2005: Open Source Systems },
	year = {2005},
	pages = {338-340},
	keywords = {COMMUNITY, eclipse, learning environment, novice programmers, open source, programming environment},
	url = {http://pascal.case.unibz.it/handle/2038/1539},
	author = {Daniel M. German and Rigby, Peter and Cubranic, Davor and Storey, Margaret-Anne and Thomson, Suzanne}
}
@article {10.1109/TSE.2005.89,
	title = {Comparing High-Change Modules and Modules with the Highest Measurement Values in Two Large-Scale Open-Source Products},
	journal = {IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering},
	volume = {31},
	year = {2005},
	pages = {625-642},
	publisher = {IEEE Computer Society},
	address = {Los Alamitos, CA, USA},
	abstract = {Identifying change-prone modules can enable software developers to take focused preventive actions that can reduce maintenance costs and improve quality. Some researchers observed a correlation between change proneness and structural measures, such as size, coupling, cohesion, and inheritance measures. However, the modules with the highest measurement values were not found to be the most troublesome modules by some of our colleagues in industry, which was confirmed by our previous study of six large-scale industrial products. To obtain additional evidence, we identified and compared high-change modules and modules with the highest measurement values in two large-scale open-source products, Mozilla and OpenOffice, and we characterized the relationship between them. Contrary to common intuition, we found through formal hypothesis testing that the top modules in change-count rankings and the modules with the highest measurement values were different. In addition, we observed that high-change modules had fairly high places in measurement rankings, but not the highest places. The accumulated findings from these two open-source products, together with our previous similar findings for six closed-source products, should provide practitioners with additional guidance in identifying the change-prone modules.},
	keywords = {mozilla, openoffice},
	issn = {0098-5589},
	doi = {http://doi.ieeecomputersociety.org/10.1109/TSE.2005.89},
	author = {G{\"u}nes Koru, A. and Tian, Jeff (Jianhui)}
}
@conference {796,
	title = {Development-oriented Open Source eLearning Tool Evaluation: the Edukalibre Approach},
	booktitle = {OSS2005: Open Source Systems },
	year = {2005},
	pages = {341-344},
	author = {Botturi, Luca and Chris Tebb and Vania Dimitrova and Drew Withworth and Julika Matravers and Jutta Geldermann and Isabelle Hubert}
}
@conference {800,
	title = {Evolution of Open-Source Code Bases EVOSC 2005},
	booktitle = {OSS2005: Open Source Systems },
	year = {2005},
	pages = {359},
	abstract = {The very essence of open- source software is that
it enables custom evolutions. These evolutions should be
designed and managed carefully, since merging the main
trunk with custom branches is often critical for inheriting
evolutions that are not at the core interest of the independent
developer.},
	author = {Mattia Monga and Andrea Trentini}
}
@inbook {flosswp207,
	title = {The Future of Open Source. In: Wynants, M. \& J. Cornelis (eds.) How Open is the Future? VUB Brussels University Press, pp. 429-59.},
	year = {2005},
	month = {April},
	abstract = {Open source has seen phenomenal growth in recent years. In many ways, it has been a great success story. Yet it is interesting to study the conditions that would enable the open-source movement to remain viable and thrive also in the future. This chapter explores the driving forces behind the open source model and its constraints, discussing both the factors likely to promote the continuous growth of the open-source movement and those that could lead to its downfall.},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/tuomi3_bookchapter.pdf},
	author = {Ilkka Tuomi}
}
@conference {903,
	title = {How Oversight Improves Member-Maintained Communities},
	booktitle = {ACM SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	year = {2005},
	publisher = {ACM},
	organization = {ACM},
	address = {Portland OR},
	author = {Cosley, D. and D. Frankowski and S. Kiesler and Terveen, L. and Riedl, J.}
}
@conference {904,
	title = {How Peer Photos Influence Member Participation in Online Communities},
	booktitle = {ACM SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems},
	year = {2005},
	publisher = {ACM},
	organization = {ACM},
	address = {Portland, OR},
	author = {Kapoor, N. and Konstan, J.A. and Terveen, L. G.}
}
@proceedings {117,
	title = {A human capital perspective of organizational intention to adopt open source software},
	year = {2005},
	keywords = {Survey},
	author = {Yan Li and Chuan-Hoo Tan and Hock-Hai Teo and Alex Siow}
}
@article {105,
	title = {Improving Web accessibility through an enhanced open-source browser},
	journal = {Ibm Systems Journal},
	volume = {44},
	number = {3},
	year = {2005},
	note = {Times Cited: 2},
	pages = {573-588},
	abstract = {The accessibilityWorks project provides software enhancements to the Mozilla (TM) Web browser and allows users to control their browsing environment. Although Web accessibility standards specify markup that must be incorporated for Web pages to be accessible, these standards do not ensure a good experience for all Web users. This paper discusses user controls that facilitate a number of adaptations that can greatly increase the usability of Web pages for a diverse population of users. in addition to transformations that change page presentation, innovations are discussed that enable mouse and keyboard input correction as well as vision-based control for users unable to use their hands for computer input.},
	author = {Hanson, V. L. and Brezin, J. P. and Crayne, S. and Keates, S. and Kjeldsen, R. and Richards, J. T. and Swart, C. and Trewin, S.}
}
@article {63,
	title = {The Jikes research virtual machine project: Building an open-source research community},
	journal = {Ibm Systems Journal},
	volume = {44},
	number = {2},
	year = {2005},
	note = {Times Cited: 3},
	pages = {399-417},
	abstract = {This paper describes the evolution of the Jikes (TM) Research Virtual Machine project from an IBM internal research project, called Jalapeno, into an open-source project. After summarizing the original goals of the project, we discuss the motivation for releasing it as an open-source project and the activities performed to ensure the success of the project. Throughout, we highlight the unique challenges of developing and maintaining an open-source project designed specifically to support a research community.},
	author = {Alpern, B. and Augart, S. and Blackburn, S. M. and Butrico, M. and Cocchi, A. and Cheng, P. and Dolby, J. and Fink, S. and Grove, D. and Hind, M. and McKinley, K. S. and Mergen, M. and Moss, J. E. B. and Ngo, T. and Sarkar, V. and Trapp, M.}
}
@conference {771,
	title = {Linux on the portuguese schools: the Caixa M{\'a}gica experience},
	booktitle = {OSS2005: Open Source Systems },
	year = {2005},
	pages = {279-280},
	abstract = {This article depicts the experience of Caixa M{\'a}gica
in the deployment of 14.000 computers with dual boot in the
portuguese schools. Caixa M{\'a}gica role was preparing its
Linux distribution to become friendly to students and
teachers.
This project was very successful and is now beginning with a
second phase with 5.000 more computers.
In this experience report with present some of the obstacles
and achievements accomplished in {\textquotedblleft}Salas TIC{\textquotedblright}.},
	author = {Susana Nunes, and Fl{\'a}vio Moringa and Miguel Louren{\c c}o and Paulo Trezentos}
}
@conference {791,
	title = {Looking at Free and Open Source Software: A Study about F/OSS Developers{\textquoteright} Culture},
	booktitle = {OSS2005: Open Source Systems },
	year = {2005},
	pages = {324-325},
	abstract = {My work will be a cultural study of a F/OSS development project, mixing a symmetric approach with the interaction analysis by Erving Goffman. Methodologically I will approach cyber {\textendash} ethnography.},
	keywords = {cultural analysis, cultural study, cyber, F/OSS developers, open source, software development},
	url = {http://pascal.case.unibz.it/handle/2038/968},
	author = {Teli, Maurizio}
}
@conference {734,
	title = {Open Source Software in Public Administration. A real example OSS for egovernment Observatories},
	booktitle = {OSS2005: Open Source Systems },
	year = {2005},
	pages = {119-124},
	abstract = {Open Source Software (OSS) has risen to great prominence. Briefly, OSS programs are programs whose licenses give users the freedom to run the program for any purpose, to study and modify the program, and to redistribute copies of either the original or modified program (without having to pay royalties to previous developers). In the last years the Italian Public Administrations (PA) points out the benefits of using OSS as a valid alternative to closed source software. The goal of this paper is to illustrate the state of the art of OSS in Italian PA and describe two pratical examples of the use of OSS in the e-government area. Those examples are represented by the local e-government observatories developed respectively by Emilia Romagna and Liguria Regions. A real and settled knowledge about current and past egovernment initiatives in Italy can improve the future planning. For these reasons several Italian Regions developed Observatories for e-Government and Informatio...},
	url = {http://pascal.case.unibz.it/handle/2038/1208},
	author = {Davini, Emanuela and Faggioni, Elisabetta and Granatella, Giampiero and Tartari, Dimitri and Scotto, Marco}
}
@conference {736,
	title = {Open-source software in an occupational health application: the case of Heales Medical Ltd.},
	booktitle = {OSS2005: Open Source Systems },
	year = {2005},
	pages = {130-134},
	abstract = {In this paper, we provide a case study of a small company, Heales Medical Ltd., that has chosen to use opensource software to develop an online integrated patient management system. We use this case study to examine some preconceptions of open-source technology in the light our experiences of open source in the Heales project. We identify costs and cost savings as being the primary business considerations, and identify software purchase and licensing as key advantages for open-source. We then look at development issues including software evaluation, implementation and programming, and identify these as more costly for open-source, in terms of time and effort expended. We also look at issues to do with open source licensing, which our initial investigations suggest is confusing and requires further analysis. Overall, the ability to modify the source code is regarded as a key benefit of open-source software, but in a business environment like Heales, this is of little imp...},
	url = {http://pascal.case.unibz.it/handle/2038/1257},
	author = {Tiangco, Francis and Stockwell, Alison and Sapsford, John and Rainer, Austen and Swanton, Eamonn}
}
@conference {Twidale:2005:SBF:1062455.1062468,
	title = {Silver bullet or fool{\textquoteright}s gold: supporting usability in open source software development},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the 27th international conference on Software engineering},
	series = {ICSE {\textquoteright}05},
	year = {2005},
	pages = {35{\textendash}35},
	publisher = {ACM},
	organization = {ACM},
	address = {New York, NY, USA},
	abstract = {At first glance it can look like Open Source Software development violates many, if not all, of the precepts of decades of careful research and teaching in Software Engineering. One could take a classic SE textbook and compare the activities elaborated and advocated in the various chapters with what is actually done in plain sight in the public logs of an OSS project in say SourceForge. For a Professor of Software Engineering this might make for rather depressing reading. Are the principles of SE being rendered obsolete? Has OSS really discovered Brooks{\textquoteright} Silver Bullet? Or is it just a flash in the pan or Fool{\textquoteright}s Gold.In this talk I will mainly look at one aspect of Open Source Development, the {\textquoteright}problem{\textquoteright} of creating usable interfaces, particularly for non-technical end-users. Any approach involves the challenge of how to coordinate distributed collaborative interface analysis and design, given that in conventional software development this is usually done in small teams and almost always face to face. Indeed all the methods in any HCI text just assume same-time same-place work and don{\textquoteright}t map to distributed work, let alone the looser mechanisms of OSS development. Instead what is needed is a form of participatory usability involving the coordination of end users and developers in a constantly evolving redesign process.},
	keywords = {course project, education, lifecycle model, pedagogical, software engineering education, software process},
	isbn = {1-58113-963-2},
	doi = {10.1145/1062455.1062468},
	url = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1062455.1062468},
	author = {Twidale, Michael}
}
@conference {899,
	title = {Stopping spyware at the gate: a user study of privacy, notice and spyware},
	booktitle = {2005 Symposium on Usable Privacy and Security},
	year = {2005},
	month = {07/2005},
	pages = {43-52},
	publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	organization = {Association for Computing Machinery},
	address = {Pittsburgh, PA},
	keywords = {agreement,, and, Aspects,, Design,, end, EULA,, Experimentation,, Factors,, Human, Legal, license, notice,, of, privacy,, security, service,, spyware,, terms, ToS,, usability,, user},
	isbn = {1-59593-178-3 },
	author = {N. Good and Dhamija, R. and J. Grossklags and D. Thaw and Aronowitz, S. and D. Mulligan and J. Konstan}
}
@conference {797,
	title = {Transfering Libre Software Development Practices to the Production of Educational Resources: the Edukalibre Project},
	booktitle = {OSS2005: Open Source Systems },
	year = {2005},
	pages = {341-348},
	abstract = {The transfer of methodologies common in libre (free, open source) sofware development to the domain of educational resources can radically change the way educational content is developed and used, enabling both educational practitioners and students to become actively involved in its creation and distribution. New software architectures and tools are needed to effectively support this process. This paper describes a platform aimed to support the creation of free, collaboratively constructed educational content on the web, which has been developed within the Edukalibre project. It provides easy access to core technologies: a control version system combined with conversion tools to produce several convenient formats for each document. Its modular architecture offers many different interfaces to the users. The Edukalibre platform is distributed as libre software.},
	keywords = {educational resources, information systems, open source, software development practices},
	url = {http://pascal.case.unibz.it/handle/2038/1548},
	author = {Gonz{\'a}lez-Barahona, Jes{\'u}s M. and Chris Tebb and Vania Dimitrova and Chaparro, Diego and Romera, Teo}
}
@conference {776,
	title = {Un{\textquoteright}applicazione Open Source: l{\textquoteright}Osservatorio sull{\textquoteright}e-government e la societ{\`a} dell{\textquoteright}informazione},
	booktitle = {OSS2005: Open Source Systems },
	year = {2005},
	pages = {291-293},
	abstract = {I processi d{\textquoteright}innovazione, conseguenza dei progetti di e-government, che da alcuni anni interessano gli EELL, possono essere apprezzati solo se osservati nella loro veste di azioni integrate comuni a pi{\`u} soggetti. Predisporre uno strumento logico-tecnologico che colmi le carenze informative e che sia di supporto, alle amministrazioni territoriali, in sede di programmazione e pianificazione delle politiche {\`e} quanto si {\`e} sperimentato in Regione Emilia-Romagna. Sono stati cos{\`\i} realizzati una banca dati ed un applicativo web-based, entrambi basati su componenti software Open Source. Tale scelta {\`e} stata dettata dalla volont{\`a} di diffondere e facilitare questa pratica in altre realt{\`a} territoriali. Questo esperimento, oramai attivit{\`a} consolidata, ha prodotto risultati informativi per il territorio regionale ed {\`e} punto di partenza per un{\textquoteright}evoluzione su scala nazionale.},
	url = {http://pascal.case.unibz.it/handle/2038/1550},
	author = {Tartari, Dimitri}
}
@article {flosswp165,
	title = {Usability Discussions in Open Source Development},
	year = {2004},
	month = {August},
	abstract = {The public nature of discussion in open source projects provides a valuable resource for understanding the mechanisms of open source software development. In this paper we explore how open source projects address issues of usability. We examine bug reports of several projects to characterise how developers address and resolve issues concerning user interfaces and interaction design. We discuss how bug reporting and discussion systems can be improved to better support bug reporters and open source developers.},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/twidalenichols.pdf},
	author = {Michael B Twidale}
}
@conference {DBLP:conf/ecis/TsiavosH03,
	title = {Beyond good and evil: why open source development for peer-to-peer networks does not necessarily equal to an open society is as imbalanced as copyright law and definitely is not going to make you a better person},
	booktitle = {European Conference on Information Systems (ECIS 2003)},
	year = {2003},
	note = {"In a first stage we collected data related to the development of the Gnutella protocol. The sources included: web sites that were used for hosting forums and file repositories related to the development of the protocol that could be either archived or still operational; messages posted on discussion groups, forums and newsgroups; the design documents of the Gnutella protocol.
In a second stage we gathered material related to the Limewire application. The sources included: operational and archived web sites having been used for the development of the application; applications such as Concurrent Version Systems (CVS) or Bug reporting tools (such as Issuezila), design and implementation documentation and relevant press reports.
The data gathered covered a time span from early 2000 to late November 2002."
"Other sources informed our research and also acted, at times of uncertainty, as forms of triangulation and verification (Lee 1991). These sources include websites such as Slashdot.org and WiredNews; IRC-mediated communications and private messages exchanged between the various developers."},
	month = {2003},
	abstract = {This paper interrogates the claims that open source development is an ideal form of regulatory development. We begin by presenting the literature that offers a framework of modalities of regulation where code, along with laws, markets, and norms shape and influence individual action. Within this framework, it is argued that for an Open Society we need Open Code.	We present the processes through which the Gnutella protocol and the Limewire application are developed by deconstructing the mechanisms of participation and contribution of the individual developers. The techniques of monitoring, modularization and filtering that we identify appear to be inconsistent with open society promises. Instead we suggest a different framing, that of creating nests of interests, whose creators can find refuge from inhabitants of other nests. From that perspective, we suggest that we should stop referring to the war between Copyright and peer-to-peer networks as the battle between good and evil.},
	keywords = {bug reports, cvs, design documents, discussion, discussion forums, documentation, forums, gnutella, issuezilla, limewire, web site},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/tsiavosHosein.pdf},
	author = {Prodromos Tsiavos and Ian Hosein}
}
@inbook {flosswp89,
	title = {Chapter 1- Networks of Innovation: Change and Meaning in the Age of the Internet (Oxford University Press)},
	year = {2003},
	month = {June},
	abstract = {Integrating concepts from multiple theoretical disciplines and detailed analyses of the evolution of Internet-related innovations (including computer networking, the World Wide Web and the Linux open source operating system), this book develops foundations for a new theoretical and practical understanding of innovation. It includes a detailed analysis of the Linux open source development model." The table of contents, references, and other related material is available <a href="httP://www.jrc.es/~tuomiil/moreinfo.html">here</a>},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/tuomi2.pdf},
	author = {Ilkka Tuomi}
}
@proceedings {1182,
	title = {Improving Verification, Validation, and Test of the Linux Kernel: the Linux Stabilization Project},
	year = {2003},
	pages = {133-136},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/133-136.pdf},
	author = {Craig Thomas}
}
@article {flosswp97,
	title = {Participatory Usability: supporting proactive users},
	journal = {Proceedings of the 4th Annual Conference of the ACM Special Interest Group on Computer Human Interaction - New Zealand Chapter (CHINZ{\textquoteright}03)},
	year = {2003},
	month = {June},
	pages = {63{\textendash}68},
	publisher = {ACM SIGCHI New Zealand.},
	abstract = {After software has been released the opportunities for users to influence development can often be limited. In this paper we review the research on post-deployment usability and make explicit its connections to open source software development. We describe issues involved in the design of end-user reporting tools with reference to the Safari web browser and a digital library prototype.},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/nicholsmckaytwidale.pdf},
	author = {David M Nichols and Dana McKay and Michael B Twidale}
}
@unpublished {flosswp86,
	title = {Puzzling with a top-down Blueprint and a bottom-up Network: An explorative analysis of the Open Source World using ITIL and Social Network Analysis},
	year = {2003},
	month = {February},
	abstract = {This paper explains some of the necessary tasks that need to be performed for the construction and maintenance of software. These necessary activities are abstracted from ITIL, a best- practice {\textquoteright}blueprint{\textquoteright}, that is often used by IT companies to structure their processes. Next, using Social Network Analysis, an investigation is conducted to asses how the activities that ITIL describes are performed in the open source {\textquoteright}network{\textquoteright}.},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/meerman2.pdf},
	author = {Sanne Te Meerman}
}
@conference {1248,
	title = {Supporting Distributed and Decentralized Projects: Drawing Lessons from the Open Source Community},
	booktitle = {1st Workshop on Open Source in an Industrial Context},
	year = {2003},
	note = {"We begin the remainder of the paper with discussion of a survey of open source projects, showing similarities that have arisen in tool usage"},
	month = {10/2003},
	abstract = {Open source projects are typically organized in a distributed and decentralized manner. These factors strongly determine the processes followed and constrain the types of tools that can be utilized. This paper explores how distribution and decentralization have affected processes and tools in existing open source projects with the goals of summarizing the lessons learned and identifying opportunities for improving both. Issues considered include decision-making, accountability, communication, awareness, rationale, managing source code, testing, and release management.},
	keywords = {abiword, apache, debian, freebsd, kde, linux, mozilla, mysql, perl, PHP, postgresql, python, subversion, tomcat, tools},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/erenkrantz2003.pdf},
	author = {Erenkrantz, J. and Taylor, R.N.}
}
@article {Nichols02usabilityand,
	title = {The Usability of Open Source Software},
	journal = {First Monday},
	volume = {8},
	year = {2003},
	abstract = {Open source communities have successfully developed a great deal of software although most computer users only use proprietary applications. The usability of open source software is often regarded as one reason for this limited distribution. In this paper we review the existing evidence of the usability of open source software and discuss how the characteristics of open source development influence usability. We describe how existing human-computer interaction techniques can be used to leverage distributed networked communities, of developers and users, to address issues of usability.},
	url = {http://firstmonday.org/article/view/1018/939},
	author = {David M Nichols and Michael B Twidale}
}
@inbook {Madey_Freeh_Tynan_2002,
	title = {The open source software development phenomenon: An analysis based on social network theory},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the Eighth Americas Conference on Information Systems},
	year = {2002},
	pages = {1806{\textendash}1813},
	abstract = {The OSS movement is a phenomenon that challenges many traditional theories in economics, software engineering, business strategy, and IT management. Thousands of software programmers are spending tremendous amounts of time and effort writing and debugging software, most often with no direct monetary compensation. The programs, some of which are extremely large and complex, are written without the benefit of traditional project management, change tracking, or error checking techniques. Since the programmers are working outside of a traditional organizational reward structure, accountability is an issue as well. A significant portion of internet e-commerce runs on OSS, and thus many firms have little choice but to trust mission-critical e-commerce systems to run on such software, requiring IT management to deal with new types of socio-technical problems. A better understanding of how the OSS community functions may help IT planners make more informed decisions and develop more effective strategies for using OSS software. We hypothesize that open source software development can be modeled as self-organizing, collaboration, social networks. We analyze structural data on over 39,000 open source projects hosted at SourceForge.net involving over 33,000 developers. We define two software developers to be connected part of a collaboration social network if they are members of the same project, or are connected by a chain of connected developers. Project sizes, developer project participation, and clusters of connected developers are analyzed. We find evidence to support our hypothesis, primarily in the presence of power-law relationships on project sizes (number of developers per project), project membership (number of projects joined by a developer), and cluster sizes. Potential implications for IT researchers, IT managers, and governmental policy makers are discussed.},
	keywords = {developers, social network analysis, social networks, sourceforge},
	url = {http://ais.bepress.com/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1606\&context=amcis2002},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/MadeyFreehAmcis2002.pdf},
	author = {Madey, G. and Freeh, V and Tynan, R}
}
@article {flosswp63,
	title = {The Scope of Open Source Licensing},
	journal = {Journal of Law, Economics and Organization},
	volume = {21},
	number = {1},
	year = {2002},
	month = {2005},
	pages = {20-56},
	abstract = {This paper is an initial exploration of the determinants of open source license choice. It first enumerates the various considerations that should figure into the licensor{\textquoteright}s choice of contractual terms, in particular highlighting how the decision is shaped not just by the preferences of the licensor itself, but also by that of the community of developers. The paper then presents an empirical analysis of the determinants of license choice using the SourceForge database, a compilation of nearly 40,000 open source projects. Projects geared toward end-users tend to have restrictive licenses, while those oriented toward developers are less likely to do so. Projects that are designed to run on commercial operating systems and those geared towards the Internet are less likely to have restrictive licenses. Finally, projects that are likely to be attractive to consumers such as games are more likely to have restrictive licenses.},
	keywords = {developers, license, licenses, permissive, restrictive, sourceforge},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/lernertirole2.pdf},
	author = {Josh Lerner and Jean Tirole}
}
@unpublished {flosswp54,
	title = {Software Freedom, Open Software and the Participant{\textquoteright}s Motivation - A Multidisciplinary Study},
	year = {2002},
	month = {September},
	abstract = {The success of Free/Open Source Software has demonstrated the viability and often the dominance of an alternative ? almost paradoxical ? form of software development. This innovative organisational formation and operation has, recently, been studied intensively. The current paper deals with the issue of participant?s motivation to join and then to operate in a free/open source software development process. However, it does not adopt a single perspective towards reaching a definite answer. On the contrary, building on accumulative research work, it argues that no single perspective is adequate to explain free/open source software participants? motivation, since each perspective provides a rather limited understanding of the issue.},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/tzouris.pdf},
	author = {Menelaos Tzouris}
}
@conference {Madey02understandingoss,
	title = {Understanding oss as a self-organizing process},
	booktitle = {In The 2nd Workshop on Open Source Software Engineering at the 24th International Conference on Software Engineering (ICSE2002},
	year = {2002},
	abstract = {We hypothesize that open source software development can be modeled as self-organizing, collaboration, social networks. We analyze structural data on over 39,000 open source projects hosted at SourceForge.net. We define two software developers to be connected {\textemdash} part of a collaboration social network {\textemdash} if they are members of the same project, or are connected by a chain of connected developers. Project sizes, developer project participation, and clusters of connected developers are analyzed. We find evidence to support our hypothesis, primarily in the presence of power-law relationships on project sizes (number of developers per project), project membership (number of projects joined by a developer), and cluster sizes.},
	keywords = {developers, size, social network analysis, social networks, sourceforge},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/MadeyFreehTynan.pdf},
	author = {Madey, G. and Freeh, V and Tynan, R}
}
@article {flosswp98,
	title = {Usability and Open Source Software},
	journal = {Working Paper 02/10, Department of Computer Science, University of Waikato},
	year = {2002},
	month = {December},
	publisher = {Department of Computer Science, University of Waikato},
	abstract = {Open source communities have successfully developed many pieces of software although most computer users only use proprietary applications. The usability of open source software is often regarded as one reason for this limited distribution. In this paper we review the existing evidence of the usability of open source software and discuss how the characteristics of open-source development influence usability. We describe how existing human-computer interaction techniques can be used to leverage distributed networked communities, of developers and users, to address issues of usability.},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/nicholstwidale1.pdf},
	author = {David M Nichols and Michael B Twidale}
}
@conference {Godfrey:2001:GES:602461.602482,
	title = {Growth, evolution, and structural change in open source software},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the 4th International Workshop on Principles of Software Evolution (IWPSE 2001)},
	series = {IWPSE {\textquoteright}01},
	year = {2001},
	note = {"We measured [linux] system size in uncommented LOC"
"We also examined the growth of several other open source systems, including the VIM text editor, Eric Raymond{\textquoteright}s fetchmail utility, and the GCC compiler suite. "},
	pages = {103{\textendash}106},
	publisher = {ACM},
	organization = {ACM},
	address = {New York, NY, USA},
	abstract = {Our recent work has addressed how and why software systems evolve over time, with a particular emphasis on software architecture and open source software systems [2, 3, 6]. In this position paper, we present a short summary of two recent projects. First, we have performed a case study on the evolution of the Linux kernel [3], as well as some other open source software (OSS) systems. We have found that several OSS systems appear not to obey some of "Lehman{\textquoteright}s laws" of software evolution [5, 7], and that Linux in particular is continuing to grow at a geometric rate. Currently, we are working on a detailed study of the evolution of one of the subsystems of the Linux kernel: the SCSI drivers subsystem. We have found that cloning, which is usually considered to be an indicator of lazy development and poor process, is quite common and is even considered to be a useful practice. Second, we are developing a tool called Beagle to aid software maintainers in understanding how large systems have changed over time. Beagle integrates data from various static analysis and metrics tools and provides a query engine as well as navigable visualizations. Of particular note, Beagle aims to provide help in modelling long term evolution of systems that have undergone architectural and structural change.},
	keywords = {agile methods, beagle, cloning, evolution, fetchmail, gcc, growth, kernel, lehman{\textquoteright}s laws, lines of code, linux, linux kernel, loc, open source software, software architecture, software evolution, source code, structural change, supporting environments, vim},
	isbn = {1-58113-508-4},
	doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/602461.602482},
	url = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/602461.602482},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/tu2001.pdf},
	author = {Michael Godfrey and Tu, Qiang}
}
@article {flosswp47,
	title = {Usability and open-source software development},
	journal = {Proceedings of the Symposium on Computer Human Interaction},
	year = {2001},
	month = {June},
	pages = {49{\textendash}54},
	publisher = {ACM SIGCHI New Zealand},
	abstract = {This paper reports a usability study of the open-source Greenstone Digital Library collection-building software. The problems highlighted by the study are analysed to identify their likely source within the social context of Greenstone{\textquoteright}s development environment. We discuss how characteristics of open-source software development influence the usability of resulting software products.},
	keywords = {Greenstone, user study},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/nichols.pdf},
	author = {David M Nichols and Kirsten Thomson and Stuart A Yeates}
}
@conference {Godfrey:2000:EOS:850948.853411,
	title = {Evolution in Open Source Software: A Case Study},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the International Conference on Software Maintenance (ICSM{\textquoteright}00)},
	series = {ICSM {\textquoteright}00},
	year = {2000},
	note = {"We examined 96 kernel versions..."
.c files, .h files only
loc, lines of code
number of functions
number of modules},
	pages = {131{\textendash}},
	publisher = {IEEE Computer Society},
	organization = {IEEE Computer Society},
	address = {Washington, DC, USA},
	abstract = {Most studies of software evolution have been performed on systems developed within a single company using traditional management techniques. With the widespread availability of several large software systems that have been developed using an {\textquoteright}open source{\textquoteright} development approach, we now have a chance to examine these systems in detail, and see if their evolutionary narratives are significantly different from commercially developed systems. This paper summarizes our preliminary investigations into the evolution of the best known open source system: the Linux operating system kernel. Because Linux is large (over two million lines of code in the most recent version) and because its development model is not as tightly planned and managed as most industrial software processes, we had expected to find that Linux was growing more slowly as it got bigger and more complex. Instead, we have found that Linux has been growing at a super-linear rate for several years. In this paper, we explore the evolution of the Linux kernel both at the system level and within the major subsystems, and we discuss why we think Linux continues to exhibit such strong growth.},
	keywords = {evolution, functions, growth, lines of code, linux, linux kernel, loc, source code},
	isbn = {0-7695-0753-0},
	url = {http://portal.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=850948.853411},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/godfrey00.pdf},
	author = {Godfrey, Michael W. and Tu, Qiang}
}
@article {flosswp12,
	title = {Internet Innovation and Open Source: Actors in the Network},
	year = {2000},
	month = {November},
	abstract = {The paper analyzes the growth and development of the Linux community and demonstrates how it evolves into an ecology of community-centered practices.},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/Ilkka\%2520Tuomi\%2520-\%2520Actors\%2520in\%2520the\%2520Network.pdf},
	author = {Ilkka Tuomi}
}
