@article {flosswp13, title = {Open Source Shows the Way - Innovation By and For Users - No Manufacturer Required}, year = {2001}, month = {March}, abstract = {Open source software projects are complete innovation development and consumption communities run by and for users, no manufacturer required. This essay points out that user innovation communities have existed long before and extend far beyond open source software. The example of user innovation communities as the developers of new sports, sporting techniques, and new sporting equipment is described.}, attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/evhippel-osuserinnovation.pdf}, author = {von Hippel, Eric} }