@proceedings {1926,
	title = {Open Source Communities as Liminal Ecosystems},
	year = {2017},
	abstract = {In this paper, we propose a study to explore the movement of individuals engaged in open source communities. Although there is extensive literature on open source communities and growing body of knowledge on corporate engagement in open source communities, our understanding of the movements of individuals within these communities is limited. To analyze these movements, we build on Arnold Van Gennep and Victor Turners{\textquoteright} theories on liminality. Through this lens, we build an understanding of the movements of individual members within open source communities.},
	url = {http://aisel.aisnet.org/mwais2017/45},
	author = {Kevin Lumbard and Matt Germonprez}
}
@proceedings {1893,
	title = {The Open Source Officer Role {\textendash} Experiences},
	volume = {496},
	year = {2017},
	month = {05/2017},
	pages = {55-59},
	publisher = {Springer},
	abstract = {This papers describe the Open Source Officer role and the experiences from introducing this role in several companies. We outline the role description, main responsibilities, and interfaces to other roles and organizations. We investigated the role in several organization and bring interesting discrepancies and overlaps of how companies operate with OSS.

},
	keywords = {governance, inner source, maturity models},
	doi = {10.1007/978-3-319-57735-7_6},
	url = {https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-319-57735-7_6},
	author = {Mols, CE and Wnuk, K and Lin{\r a}ker, J}
}
@proceedings {1904,
	title = {OSSpal: Finding and Evaluating Open Source Software},
	volume = {496},
	year = {2017},
	month = {05/2017},
	pages = {193-203},
	publisher = {Springer},
	abstract = {This paper describes the OSSpal project, which is aimed at helping companies, government agencies, and other organizations find high quality free and open source software (FOSS) that meets their needs. OSSpal is a successor to the Business Readiness Rating (BRR), combining quantitative and qualitative evaluation measures for software in various categories. Instead of a purely numeric calculated score OSSpal adds curation of high-quality FOSS projects and individual user reviews of these criteria. Unlike the BRR project, for which there was no automated support, OSSpal has an operational, publicly available website where users may search by project name or category, and enter ratings and reviews for projects.

},
	keywords = {Open source forges, software evaluation, software metrics, Software taxonomy},
	doi = {10.1007/978-3-319-57735-7_18},
	url = {https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-319-57735-7_18},
	author = {Wasserman, A. and Guo, X. and McMillian, B. and Qian K. and Wei M.Y. and Xu, Q.}
}
@inbook {Berger2016,
	title = {An Open Continuous Deployment Infrastructure for a Self-driving Vehicle Ecosystem},
	booktitle = {Open Source Systems: Integrating Communities: 12th IFIP WG 2.13 International Conference, OSS 2016, Gothenburg, Sweden, May 30 - June 2, 2016, Proceedings},
	year = {2016},
	pages = {177{\textendash}183},
	publisher = {Springer International Publishing},
	organization = {Springer International Publishing},
	chapter = {An Open Continuous Deployment Infrastructure for a Self-driving Vehicle Ecosystem},
	address = {Cham},
	abstract = {Self-driving vehicles are an ongoing research and engineering topic even though first automotive OEMs started to deploy such features to their premium vehicles. Chalmers University of Technology and University of Gothenburg are operating and maintaining a vehicle laboratory comprising 1/10 scaled cars, a Volvo XC90, and a Volvo FH truck to conduct studies with automated driving. This laboratory is used both from researchers from different disciplines and in education. The experimental software for all these platforms is powered by the same software environment for different hardware architectures. Therefore, maintaining and deploying new features and bugfixes to the users of this laboratory in a fast way needs to be organized in a reproducible yet easily maintainable manner. This paper outlines our open approach to encapsulate our build, test, and deployment process using VirtualBox, Docker, and Jenkins.
},
	isbn = {978-3-319-39225-7},
	doi = {10.1007/978-3-319-39225-7_14},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-39225-7_14},
	author = {Berger, Christian},
	editor = {Kevin Crowston and Hammouda, Imed and Lundell, Bj{\"o}rn and Gregorio Robles and Gamalielsson, Jonas and Juho Lindman}
}
@mastersthesis {1855,
	title = {Open Source Software Ecosystem: A Systematic Literature Review},
	year = {2016},
	month = {05/2016},
	type = {Masters Thesis},
	address = {University of Oulu},
	abstract = {Background: Currently having a software ecosystem is vital for many technology businesses. For this reason, understanding of software ecosystem and its benefits and also the elements of each software ecosystem can help business and software communities to emerge and orchestrate the products ecosystem optimally. Moreover, an interesting phenomenon in computer science and information technology is open source software and systems which enable users to participate in developing and using the software at many scales, from a simple mobile application to large-scale business systems and ICT applications.},
	doi = {10.13140/RG.2.1.2254.1049},
	url = {https://www.researchgate.net/publication/305994372_Open_Source_Software_Ecosystem_A_Systematic_Literature_Review},
	author = {Javad Nasserifar}
}
@inbook {L{\'o}pez2016,
	title = {OSSAP {\textendash} A Situational Method for Defining Open Source Software Adoption Processes},
	booktitle = {Advanced Information Systems Engineering: 28th International Conference, CAiSE 2016, Ljubljana, Slovenia, June 13-17, 2016. Proceedings},
	year = {2016},
	pages = {524{\textendash}539},
	publisher = {Springer International Publishing},
	organization = {Springer International Publishing},
	address = {Cham},
	abstract = {Organizations are increasingly becoming Open Source Software (OSS) adopters, either as a result of a strategic decision or just as a consequence of technological choices. The strategy followed to adopt OSS shapes organizations{\textquoteright} businesses; therefore methods to assess such impact are needed. In this paper, we propose OSSAP, a method for defining OSS Adoption business Processes, built using a Situational Method Engineering (SME) approach. We use SME to combine two well-known modelling methods, namely goal-oriented models (using i*) and business process models (using BPMN), with a pre-existing catalogue of goal-oriented OSS adoption strategy models. First, we define a repository of reusable method chunks, including the guidelines to apply them. Then, we define OSSAP as a composition of those method chunks to help organizations to improve their business processes in order to integrate the best fitting OSS adoption strategy. We illustrate it with an example of application in a telecommunications company.
},
	isbn = {978-3-319-39696-5},
	doi = {10.1007/978-3-319-39696-5_32},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-39696-5_32},
	author = {L{\'o}pez, Lidia and Costal, Dolors and Ralyt{\'e}, Jolita and Franch, Xavier and M{\'e}ndez, Luc{\'\i}a and Annosi, Maria Carmela},
	editor = {Nurcan, Selmin and Soffer, Pnina and Bajec, Marko and Eder, Johann}
}
@proceedings {1791,
	title = {Open Innovation for Innovation Tools: the Case of Co-Design Platforms},
	year = {2015},
	month = {08/2015},
	abstract = {This paper explores the dynamics of openness and enclosure of
innovation activities with IT artifacts on the example of co-design
platforms. While modern information and communication technologies
offer many new possibilities for innovation, they also
subject innovation to the underlying technical structures, which
can misdirect the activities on the platform. In order to avoid this,
we propose an open innovation approach for open innovation
solutions. We perform an empirical study on two co-design platforms
which become subjects of innovation themselves in an open
laboratory in the downtown area of a European city. Visitors to
the laboratory are allowed to engage in innovate activities regarding
the co-design platforms in whatever way they want. The results
show that they do not only address technical improvements
of the platforms, but also look into new directions to make the
platforms more relevant or to replace them by other ways of innovating
in the given contexts.},
	url = {http://www.opensym.org/os2015/proceedings-files/p201-fritzsche.pdf},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/p201-fritzsche.pdf},
	author = {Albrecht Fritzsche and Angela Roth and Kathrin Moslein}
}
@inbook {1782,
	title = {Open Source Technology Development},
	booktitle = {Handbook of Science and Technology Convergence},
	year = {2015},
	pages = {1-9},
	publisher = {Springer International Publishing},
	organization = {Springer International Publishing},
	abstract = {In this chapter, we introduce the practices of free/libre open source software (FLOSS) development as an instance of the convergence of technological affordances with novel social practices to create a novel mode of work. We then consider how FLOSS software might be used for various scientific applications, perhaps leading to a convergence of current distinct disciplines. We conclude by considering how the technologies and practices of FLOSS development might be applied to other settings, thus leading to further convergence of those settings.
},
	keywords = {Free/Libre Open Source Software},
	doi = {10.1007/978-3-319-04033-2_29-1},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-04033-2_29-1},
	author = {Kevin Crowston},
	editor = {Bainbridge, William Sims and Roco, Mihail C.}
}
@proceedings {1726,
	title = {Open Source-Style Collaborative Development Practices in Commercial Projects Using GitHub},
	volume = {1},
	year = {2015},
	month = {05/2015},
	pages = {574-585},
	publisher = {ACM/IEEE},
	abstract = {Researchers are currently drawn to study projects
hosted on GitHub due to its popularity, ease of obtaining data,
and its distinctive built-in social features. GitHub has been found
to create a transparent development environment, which together
with a pull request-based workflow, provides a lightweight mechanism
for committing, reviewing and managing code changes.
These features impact how GitHub is used and the benefits it
provides to teams{\textquoteright} development and collaboration. While most of
the evidence we have is from GitHub{\textquoteright}s use in open source software
(OSS) projects, GitHub is also used in an increasing number of
commercial projects. It is unknown how GitHub supports these
projects given that GitHub{\textquoteright}s workflow model does not intuitively
fit the commercial development way of working. In this paper, we
report findings from an online survey and interviews with GitHub
users on how GitHub is used for collaboration in commercial
projects. We found that many commercial projects adopted
practices that are more typical of OSS projects including reduced
communication, more independent work, and self-organization.
We discuss how GitHub{\textquoteright}s transparency and popular workflow can
promote open collaboration, allowing organizations to increase
code reuse and promote knowledge sharing across their teams.},
	keywords = {github},
	doi = {10.1109/ICSE.2015.74},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/icse-camera.pdf},
	author = {Kalliamvakou, E and Damian, Daniela and Blincoe, Kelly and Singer, L. and German, Daniel}
}
@proceedings {1787,
	title = {On the openness of digital platforms/ecosystems},
	year = {2015},
	month = {08/2015},
	abstract = {A plenitude of technology is neither developed in-house nor
simply outsourced in dyadic relationships. Instead, we are in
a new age where technologies are developed by a networked
community of actors and organizations, which base their
relations dynamically to each other on a common interest.
Such dynamic and networked complexity of technology development
is often theoretical explored around the concept
of platform, and more recently by employing the concept of
ecosystem in an analogy to natural ecosystems. Following the
success of open-source software, academics have long been
examining openness in digital platforms/ecosystems; however
most contributions take the perspective of a single stakeholder
from the many that constitute a digital platform/ecosystem.
Predominantly, they take the sole perspective of platform
providers, those bundling hardware and software or more
rarely, the perspective of third-party software developers developing
valuable software {\textquoteright}apps{\textquoteright} that add value to the overall
platform. In this conceptual article, we grasp openness more
holistically, both by acknowledging that openness means different
things to different people and involve all stakeholders
within the platforms/ecosystems. Towards the development
of a theory of openness within digital settings, we propose
six novel aspects of openness for enabling a greater understanding
of the open-source software movement with a digital
platforms/ecosystems perspective. Moreover, we invite scholars
to reconsider the more predominating product-dominant
logic in open-source software research to a more holistic logic
embracing platforms and ecosystem thinking.},
	url = {http://www.opensym.org/os2015/proceedings-files/p103-teixeira.pdf},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/p103-teixeira.pdf},
	author = {Teixeira, Jose}
}
@conference {1859,
	title = {OSSEAN: Mining Crowd Wisdom in Open Source Communities},
	booktitle = {2015 IEEE Symposium on Service-Oriented System Engineering (SOSE)},
	year = {2015},
	pages = {367 - 371},
	publisher = {IEEE},
	organization = {IEEE},
	address = {San Francisco Bay, CA, USA},
	abstract = {Nowadays open source software represents a successful crowd-based software production model and is becoming an ecosystem combining huge amounts of software producers (such as software developers) and consumers (such as software users and customers). Lots of research work has been conducted on analyzing software artifacts created by producers, but few of them reveal the power of feedback from consumers which we believe is very important for the evaluation and evolution of open source software. This paper introduces OSSEAN, a platform for Open Source Software Evaluating, Analyzing and Networking. OSSEAN divides the open source communities into two groups: software production communities and software consumption communities. The former contain structured software artifacts such as projects, source code and issues, while the latter are full of textual documents with rich semantics of user feedback. We show the power of OSSEAN with some interesting demos by analyzing more than 200 thousands of open source projects and 10 million documents.},
	keywords = {flossmole},
	doi = {10.1109/SOSE.2015.51},
	author = {Yin, Gang and Wang, Tao and Wang, Huaimin and Fan, Qiang and Zhang, Yang and Yu, Yue and Yang, Cheng}
}
@conference {1676,
	title = {OCData Hackathon @ CSCW 2014},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the 17th ACM conference on Computer supported cooperative work \& social computing},
	year = {2014},
	pages = {317 - 318},
	publisher = {ACM Press},
	organization = {ACM Press},
	address = {Baltimore, Maryland, USANew York, New York, USA},
	abstract = {Online Communities data is prevalent in CSCW research, but the approaches to collecting, managing, analyzing and visualizing large scale social data varies on a lab by lab basis. The OCData hackathon is aimed at creating a community opportunity to share approaches to online communities research at the level of data. Integrating data, tools and theories to address interesting research questions remains a challenge for the community.},
	isbn = {9781450325417},
	doi = {10.1145/2556420.2558865},
	author = {Goggins, Sean and Andrea Wiggins and Susan Winter and Brian Butler}
}
@conference {1691,
	title = {Older Adults and Free/Open Source Software},
	booktitle = {The International SymposiumProceedings of The International Symposium on Open Collaboration - OpenSym {\textquoteright}14},
	year = {2014},
	pages = {1 - 10},
	publisher = {ACM Press},
	organization = {ACM Press},
	address = {Berlin, GermanyNew York, New York, USA},
	abstract = {The global population is aging rapidly, and older adults are becoming increasingly technically savvy. This paper explores ways to engage these individuals to contribute to free/open source software (FOSS) projects. We conducted a pilot diary study to explore motivations, barriers, and the contribution processes of first-time contributors in a real time, qualitative manner. In addition, we measured their self-efficacy before and after their participation. We found that what drove participants were intrinsic motivations, altruism, and internal values, which differed from previous work with older adults and with the general FOSS population. We also found that self-efficacy did not change significantly, even when participants encountered significant barriers or setbacks. The top 3 barriers were lack of communication, installation issues, and documentation issues. We found that asking for and receiving help, and avoiding difficult development environments were more likely to lead to success. To verify these results, we encourage a future large-scale diary study that involves multiple demographics. Given our pilot study, we recommend that future outreach efforts involving older adults focus on how to effectively communicate and build community amongst older contributors.
},
	isbn = {9781450330169},
	doi = {10.1145/2641580.2641589},
	author = {Davidson, Jennifer and Umme Ayda Mannan and Rithika Naik and Ishneet Dua and Jensen, Carlos}
}
@conference {Guo:2014:ODC:2597073.2597094,
	title = {Oops! Where Did That Code Snippet Come from?},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the 11th Working Conference on Mining Software Repositories},
	series = {MSR 2014},
	year = {2014},
	pages = {52{\textendash}61},
	publisher = {ACM},
	organization = {ACM},
	address = {New York, NY, USA},
	abstract = {A kernel oops is an error report that logs the status of the Linux kernel at the time of a crash. Such a report can provide valuable first-hand information for a Linux kernel maintainer to conduct postmortem debugging. Recently, a repository has been created that systematically collects kernel oopses from Linux users. However, debugging based on only the information in a kernel oops is difficult. We consider the initial problem of finding the offending line, i.e., the line of source code that incurs the crash. For this, we propose a novel algorithm based on approximate sequence matching, as used in bioinformatics, to automatically pinpoint the offending line based on information about nearby machine-code instructions, as found in a kernel oops. Our algorithm achieves 92\% accuracy compared to 26\% for the traditional approach of using only the oops instruction pointer.},
	keywords = {debugging, linux kernel, oops, sequence alignment},
	isbn = {978-1-4503-2863-0},
	doi = {10.1145/2597073.2597094},
	url = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/2597073.2597094},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/guo.pdf},
	author = {Guo, Lisong and Lawall, Julia and Muller, Gilles}
}
@inbook {1601,
	title = {Open Source Mobile Virtual Machines: An Energy Assessment of Dalvik vs. ART},
	booktitle = {Open Source Software: Mobile Open Source Technologies},
	series = {IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology},
	volume = {427},
	year = {2014},
	pages = {93-102},
	publisher = {Springer Berlin Heidelberg},
	organization = {Springer Berlin Heidelberg},
	abstract = {

Dalvik Virtual Machine is Open Source Software and an important part of the Android OS and its better understanding and energy optimization can significantly contribute to the overall greenness of the mobile environment. With the introduction of the OSS solution, named Android Runtime (ART) an attempt of performance and energy consumption optimization was made. In this paper we investigate and compare the performance of the Dalvik virtual and ART from energy perspective. In order to answer our research questions we executed a set of benchmarks in identical experimental setup for both runtimes, while measuring the energy spent and percentage of battery discharge. The results showed that in most of the use case scenarios Ahead-Of-Time compilation process of ART is overall more energy efficient than the Just-In- Time one of Dalvik.
},
	isbn = {978-3-642-55127-7},
	doi = {10.1007/978-3-642-55128-4_12},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-55128-4_12},
	author = {Georgiev, AntonB. and Sillitti, Alberto and Succi, Giancarlo},
	editor = {Corral, Luis and Sillitti, Alberto and Succi, Giancarlo and Vlasenko, Jelena and Wasserman, AnthonyI.}
}
@conference {Farah:2014:OSA:2597073.2597135,
	title = {OpenHub: A Scalable Architecture for the Analysis of Software Quality Attributes},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the 11th Working Conference on Mining Software Repositories},
	series = {MSR 2014},
	year = {2014},
	pages = {420{\textendash}423},
	publisher = {ACM},
	organization = {ACM},
	address = {New York, NY, USA},
	abstract = {There is currently a vast array of open source projects available on the web, and although they are searchable by name or description in the search engines, there is no way to search for projects by how well they perform on a given set of quality attributes (e.g. usability or maintainability). With OpenHub, we present a scalable and extensible architecture for the static and runtime analysis of open source repositories written in Python, presenting the architecture and pinpointing future possibilities with it.
},
	keywords = {architecture, github, python, Quality Attributes},
	isbn = {978-1-4503-2863-0},
	doi = {10.1145/2597073.2597135},
	url = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/2597073.2597135},
	author = {Farah, Gabriel and Tejada, Juan Sebastian and Correal, Dario}
}
@article {1635,
	title = {Opening up to open source: looking at how Moodle was adopted in higher education},
	journal = {Open Learning: The Journal of Open, Distance and e-Learning},
	volume = {28},
	year = {2014},
	pages = {187-200},
	abstract = {The Virtual Learning Environment (VLE) has grown to become a piece of complex infrastructure that is now deemed to be critical to higher educational provision. This paper looks at Moodle and its adoption in higher education. Moodle{\textquoteright}s origins, as an open source VLE, are investigated and its growth examined in the context of how higher educational institutions adopt VLEs.

},
	issn = {1469-9958},
	doi = {10.1080/02680513.2013.856289},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/Moodle-Adoption-in-Higher-Education-Eamon_Costello.pdf},
	author = {Costello, Eamon}
}
@inbook {1599,
	title = {Open-Source Software Entrepreneurial Business Modelling},
	booktitle = {Open Source Software: Mobile Open Source Technologies},
	series = {IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology},
	volume = {427},
	year = {2014},
	pages = {80-82},
	publisher = {Springer Berlin Heidelberg},
	organization = {Springer Berlin Heidelberg},
	abstract = {

This poster aims to facilitate business planning of bootstrapping entrepreneurs who are developing a high-tech business by open-source approach. It draws on scholarly works on business modelling and open-source software to provide a practical tool for entrepreneurs establishing a business by open-source approach. Built on top of established business modelling frameworks, the Open-Source Software Entrepreneurial Business Modelling (OSS_EBM) can be a useful strategic management and entrepreneurial tool. It enables strategists and entrepreneurs to describe, design, challenge, invent, brainstorm, pivot, analyze and improve upon open-source business models.
},
	isbn = {978-3-642-55127-7},
	doi = {10.1007/978-3-642-55128-4_10},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-55128-4_10},
	author = {Teixeira, Jose and Salminen, Joni},
	editor = {Corral, Luis and Sillitti, Alberto and Succi, Giancarlo and Vlasenko, Jelena and Wasserman, AnthonyI.}
}
@article {1566,
	title = {Open Source Community Processes: Implications on Micro and Macro Level},
	journal = {it {\textendash} Information Technology},
	volume = {55},
	number = {5},
	year = {2013},
	pages = {189-194},
	abstract = {In this paper, we will discuss the existence and form of open source community processes, whether they differ between projects, and whether they have any implications on both micro and macro level. We will take a look at how different processes can impact the work and the resulting quality within projects, as well as on macro or project level outcomes like success or efficiency. We will also present as well as validate a research model to explain process adoption and implications.},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/itit.2013.1010.pdf},
	author = {Koch, Stefan}
}
@book {1543,
	title = {An Open Source Monitoring Framework for Enterprise SOA},
	series = {IFIP Advances in Information and Communication TechnologyOpen Source Software: Quality Verification},
	volume = {404},
	year = {2013},
	pages = {182 - 193},
	publisher = {Springer Berlin Heidelberg},
	organization = {Springer Berlin Heidelberg},
	address = {Berlin, Heidelberg},
	abstract = {

Web services monitoring is currently emerging as an effective way to trace faults in services at runtime. The lack of testing information provided by web services specifications was an indication that other methods need to be used to assess the quality of web services. This is mainly due to the fact that it is difficult to simulate the client infrastructure during testing of web services. Monitoring consists of inspecting services at runtime and taking adequate actions when unacceptable events occur. Monitoring could be performed by different stakeholders and could target different properties of services. Predominantly, monitoring is performed by service providers to manage their internal resources and balance their requests load. In our effort to improve the monitoring infrastructures, we propose a monitoring framework in which all the participants (services providers, services requestors) can contribute to monitoring and at the same time have direct access to the monitoring data. This paper describes a monitoring framework developed as part of NEXOF-RA project. The framework offers a set of capabilities for a collaborative monitoring of web services. The paper presents motivations, system design, implementation and usage of the framework.
},
	isbn = {978-3-642-38928-3},
	issn = {1868-422X},
	doi = {10.1007/978-3-642-38928-3_13},
	author = {El Ioini, Nabil and Garibbo, Alessandro and Sillitti, Alberto and Succi, Giancarlo},
	editor = {Petrinja, Etiel and Succi, Giancarlo and Ioini, Nabil and Sillitti, Alberto}
}
@conference {1721,
	title = {Orion: A Software Project Search Engine with Integrated Diverse Software Artifacts},
	booktitle = {2013 18th International Conference on Engineering of Complex Computer Systems (ICECCS)},
	year = {2013},
	note = {The FLOSSMole12, Flossmetrics [3] and
Sourcerer [1] projects collect data and/or provide statistics on
their collected data, but are not suitable for selecting a subset
or identifying a unique project based on desired properties.},
	pages = {242 - 245},
	publisher = {IEEE},
	organization = {IEEE},
	address = {Singapore, Singapore},
	abstract = {What projects contain more than 10, 000 lines of code developed by less than 10 people and are still actively maintained with a high bug-fixing rate? To address the challenges for answering such enquiries, we develop an integrated search engine architecture that combines information from different types of software repositories from multiple sources. Our search engine facilitates the construction and execution of complex search queries using a uniform interface that transparently correlates different artifacts of project development and maintenance, such as source code information, version control systems metadata, bug tracking systems elements, and metadata on developer activities and interactions extracted from hosting platforms. We have built an extensible system with an initial capability of over 100, 000 projects collected from the web, featuring various software development artifacts. Using scenarios, we illustrate the benefits of such a search engine for different kinds of project seekers. 
},
	keywords = {flossmole cited},
	doi = {10.1109/ICECCS.2013.42},
	url = {http://www.mysmu.edu/faculty/davidlo/papers/iceccs13-projectsearch.pdf},
	author = {Bissyande, Tegawende F. and Thung, Ferdian and Lo, David and Jiang, Lingxiao and Reveillere, Laurent}
}
@proceedings {1453,
	title = {Open Source Migration in Greek Public Sector: A Feasibility Study},
	volume = {378},
	year = {2012},
	month = {09/2012},
	pages = {233-243},
	publisher = {IFIP AICT},
	abstract = {Open Source software has been recently recognized by governments as a viable and cost effective solution. However, transition to open source is not a plug-and-play process but one that requires deep knowledge of open source dynamics and of organization{\textquoteright}s operations, budgetary constraints, capacities, ethics and political agenda. As with any IT transition, there are uncertainties and risks that need to be handled in order to maximize the gains for the organization and for the society through the provided services. In this paper we present a feasibility study conducted in 15 Greek public sector organizations with the aim to discover the value this transition brings to a typical public sector organization.},
	author = {Mavridis, Androklis and Fotakidis, Dimitrios and Ioannis Stamelos}
}
@proceedings {1463,
	title = {Open Source, Open Innovation and Intellectual Property Rights {\textendash} A Lightning Talk},
	volume = {378},
	year = {2012},
	month = {09/2012},
	pages = {298-303},
	publisher = {IFIP AICT,  Springer},
	abstract = {Open innovation projects are fast paced aiming at producing a quick proof of concept of an innovative software product. This need for speedy results makes the use of open source components as a basis for the work appealing. Open source brings with it an inherent risk of license conflicts that may become an issue when aiming to develop an innovative demo into an actual product. In this study, the first results of investigating the knowledge the participants of innovation projects have on intellectual property are presented. The effect this may have on the project results is also discussed.},
	author = {Kilamo, Terhi and Hammouda, Imed and Kairamo, Ville and Rasanen, Petri and Saarinen, Jukka P.}
}
@proceedings {1460,
	title = {Open Source Prediction Methods: A Systematic Literature Review},
	volume = {378},
	year = {2012},
	month = {09/2012},
	pages = {280-285},
	publisher = {IFIP AICT,  Springer},
	abstract = {For the adoption of Open Source Software (OSS) components, knowledge of the project development and associated risks with their use is needed. That, in turn, calls for reliable prediction models to support preventive maintenance and building quality software. In this paper, we perform a systematic literature review on the state-of-the- art on predicting OSS projects considering both code and community dimension. We also distill future direction for research in this field.},
	keywords = {Prediction Success, Systematic literature review},
	author = {Syeed, M.M. Mahbubul and Kilamo, Terhi and Hammouda, Imed and Syst{\"a}, Tarja}
}
@proceedings {1455,
	title = {Open-Source Technologies Realizing Social Networks: A Multiple Descriptive Case-Study},
	volume = {378},
	year = {2012},
	month = {09/2012},
	pages = {250-255},
	publisher = {IFIP AICT,  Springer},
	abstract = {This article aims at describing the role of the open-source software phenomenon within high-tech corporations providing social networks and applications. By taking a multiple case study approach, We address what are the open-source software technological components embedded by leading social networking players, and a rich description on how those players collaborate with the open-source community. Our findings, based on a population of three commercial providers of social networks a suggest that open-source plays an important role on the technological development of their social networking platforms. An open-source technological stack for realizing social networks is proposed and several managerial issues dealing with collaboration with open-source communities are explored.},
	keywords = {entrepreneurship, facebook, netlog, social networks, spotify},
	author = {Teixeira, Jose}
}
@proceedings {1464,
	title = {OSS Adoption in South Africa: Applying the TOE Model to a Case Study},
	volume = {378},
	year = {2012},
	month = {09/2012},
	pages = {304-309},
	publisher = {IFIP AICT,  Springer},
	abstract = {This paper presents a case study on the factors that influence the initial adoption of Open Source Software (OSS) in a large South African organization when implementing an OSS PBX platform. The theoretical foundation for this research draws on a number of academic frameworks and models, thus not only providing a practical illustration but also validating their usefulness in guiding OSS adoption.},
	author = {Van Belle, Jean-Paul and Reed, Mark}
}
@proceedings {1474,
	title = {OSS in 2012: A Long-Term Sustainable Alternative for Corporate IT},
	volume = {378},
	year = {2012},
	month = {09/2012},
	pages = {371-376},
	publisher = {IFIP AICT,  Springer},
	address = {Eighth International Conference on Open Source Systems},
	abstract = {The current internet leaders (Google, Facebook, etc.) all have OSS in their DNA. Traditional corporations still rely mostly on proprietary software for their mission-critical IT systems. But, situation is changing: as tip of the iceberg, major stock exchanges of the world have announced successful migrations to OSS. Many traditional corporations can now follow the OSS path because this market has clearly matured in many relevant aspects for them. In addition, solutions are here to achieve quick, efficient and secure mutations to OSS which must be undoubtedly considered by CIOs as the technological state of the art for 2012.},
	author = {Durand, Didier and Vuattoux, Jean-Luc and Ditscheid, Pierre-Jean}
}
@proceedings {1447,
	title = {OSS Integration Issues and Community Support: An Integrator Perspective},
	volume = {378},
	year = {2012},
	month = {09/2012},
	pages = {129-143},
	publisher = {IFIP AICT},
	abstract = {The reuse and integration of Open Source Software (OSS) components provided by OSS communities is becoming an economical and strategic need for today{\textquoteright}s organizations. The integration of OSS components provides many benefits, but also risks and challenges. One of the most important risks is the lack of effective and timely OSS community support for dealing with possible integration problems. For gaining an understanding of the common problems that organizations face when integrating OSS components, and the role played by OSS communities, we performed an exploratory study on 25 OSS integration projects from different European organizations. The results show that the main way of reducing integration problems was the use of OSS components from well-established communities; therefore very few integration problems were identified. In most of the cases these problems were successfully solved with the support from the OSS community and/or colleagues. In addition, contrary to the common belief that understanding code from someone else is a hard and undesirable task, some integrators consider OSS code even more understandable than their own code.},
	author = {Ayala, Claudia and Cruzes, Daniela S. and Nguyen, Anh Duc and Conradi, Reidar and Franch, Xavier and Höst, Martin and Ali Babar, Muhammad}
}
@proceedings {1471,
	title = {OSSLI: Architecture Level Management of Open Source Software Legality Concerns},
	volume = {378},
	year = {2012},
	month = {09/2012},
	pages = {356-361},
	publisher = {IFIP AICT,  Springer},
	address = {Eighth International Conference on Open Source Systems},
	abstract = {This paper presents a tool that addresses the legality concerns of open source at the level of software architecture, early in the development activity. The tool demonstrates the significance of licensing concerns at the architectural level by extending existing modeling tools with support for open source licensing issues.},
	author = {Lokhman, Alexander and Luoto, Antti and Abdul-Rahman, Salum and Hammouda, Imed}
}
@conference {Jergensen:2011:OPM:2025113.2025127,
	title = {The onion patch: migration in open source ecosystems},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the 19th ACM SIGSOFT symposium and the 13th European conference on Foundations of software engineering},
	series = {ESEC/FSE {\textquoteright}11},
	year = {2011},
	pages = {70{\textendash}80},
	publisher = {ACM},
	organization = {ACM},
	address = {New York, NY, USA},
	abstract = {Past research established that individuals joining an Open Source community typically follow a socialization process called "the onion model": newcomers join a project by first contributing at the periphery through mailing list discussions and bug trackers and as they develop skill and reputation within the community they advance to central roles of contributing code and making design decisions. However, the modern Open Source landscape has fewer projects that operate independently and many projects under the umbrella of software ecosystems that bring together projects with common underlying components, technology, and social norms. Participants in such an ecosystems may be able to utilize a significant amount of transferrable knowledge when moving between projects in the ecosystem and, thereby, skip steps in the onion model. In this paper, we examine whether the onion model of joining and progressing in a standalone Open Source project still holds true in large project ecosystems and how the model might change in such settings.},
	keywords = {contribution model, open source software, project ecosystem},
	isbn = {978-1-4503-0443-6},
	doi = {10.1145/2025113.2025127},
	url = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/2025113.2025127},
	author = {Jergensen, Corey and Sarma, Anita and Wagstrom, Patrick}
}
@article {1322,
	title = {The Ontology of the OSS Business Model},
	journal = {International Journal of Open Source Software and Processes},
	volume = {3},
	year = {2011},
	pages = {39 - 59},
	abstract = {This study focuses on theory building providing a holistic conceptual framework that consists of an ontology based OSS business model and an OSS business model taxonomy. The study extends existing theory in OSS business models and corresponding taxonomies, based on the structured-case methodological approach. An exploratory study is conducted in two research cycles, for the identification, validation, and evaluation of the critical constructs of an OSS business model. Results reveal that OSS business models differ from traditional software business models, having specific features that affect the software value chain, the infrastructure, and the revenue model of an OSS oriented firm.},
	issn = {1942-3934},
	doi = {10.4018/jossp.2011010103},
	author = {Lakka, Spyridoula and Stamati, Teta and Michalakelis, Christos and Martakos, Dracoulis}
}
@proceedings {1296,
	title = {Open Source and Open Data: Business Perspectives from the Frontline},
	year = {2011},
	month = {10/2011},
	pages = {330-333},
	publisher = {Springer},
	abstract = {Open data initiatives on governmental data seem often to be linked to small software companies, which also use and release software under OSS licenses. This paper calls for more research to understand the similarities between open data and open source software vendors. We build a theoretical linkage between the more established OSS research and emerging research on open data in the context of small software companies.},
	author = {Juho Lindman and Tammisto, Yulia}
}
@proceedings {1299,
	title = {Open Source Software for Model Driven Development: A Case Study},
	year = {2011},
	month = {10/2011},
	pages = {348-367},
	publisher = {Springer},
	abstract = {Model Driven Development (MDD) is widely used in the embedded systems domain, and many proprietary and Open Source tools exist that support MDD. The potential for sustainability of such tools needs to assessed prior to any organisational adoption. In this paper we report from a case study conducted in a consultancy company context aiming to investigate Open Source tools for MDD. For the company it was interesting to explore the two Open Source modelling tools Topcased and Papyrus for potential adoption. The focus for our case study is on assessing the health of the ecosystems for the two investigated Open Source projects by means of quantitative analysis of publically available data sources about Open Source projects. The health of ecosystems is an important prerequisite for a long term sustainable OSS (Open Source Software) tool-chain in the MDD area, which can aid strategic decision making for potential adoption within a company context. We have established details on the extent to which developers and users are active in two specific OSS ecosystems, and identified organisational influence for both ecosystems. We find that the investigated tools are promising regarding the health of their ecosystems, and a natural next step for the company would be to proceed with a pilot study in order to analyse the effectiveness of the investigated tools in company contexts.},
	author = {Gamalielsson, Jonas and Lundell, Bj{\"o}rn and Mattsson, Anders}
}
@article {1323,
	title = {OSS-TMM},
	journal = {International Journal of Open Source Software and Processes},
	volume = {3},
	year = {2011},
	pages = {1 - 22},
	abstract = {Open Source Software (OSS) products do not usually follow traditional software engineering development paradigms. Specifically, testing activities in OSS development may be quite different from those carried out in Closed Source Software (CSS) development. As testing and verification require a good deal of resources in OSS, it is necessary to have ways to assess and improve OSS testing processes. This paper provides a set of testing guidelines and issues that OSS developers can use to decide which testing techniques make most sense for their OSS products. This paper 1) provides a checklist that helps OSS developers identify the most useful testing techniques according to the main characteristics of their products, and 2) outlines a proposal for a method that helps assess the maturity of OSS testing processes. The method is a proposal of a Maturity Model for testing processes (called OSS-TMM). To show its usefulness, the authors apply the method to seven real-life projects. Specifically, the authors apply the method to BusyBox, Apache Httpd, and Eclipse Test \& Performance Tools Platform to show how the checklist supports and guides the testing process of these OSS products.},
	keywords = {testing},
	issn = {1942-3934},
	doi = {10.4018/jossp.2011040101},
	author = {Morasca, Sandro and Taibi, Davide and Tosi, Davide}
}
@conference {Oezbek:2010:OCS:1833272.1833274,
	title = {The onion has cancer: some social network analysis visualizations of open source project communication},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the 3rd International Workshop on Emerging Trends in Free/Libre/Open Source Software Research and Development (FLOSS {\textquoteright}10)},
	series = {FLOSS {\textquoteright}10},
	year = {2010},
	note = {paper d/l from www.inf.fu-berlin.de/~oezbek/pub/OezThiPre10-SNA.pdf

"We study the introduction of process innovations in Open Source projects [33] by manually extracting innovation episodes from arch- ives of mailing-lists and analyzing these episodes qualitatively by the Grounded Theory Method [38]."

"we took all messages from the mailing-list archives in 2007 of the projects we were studying, turned each participant into a node (unifying multi- ple e-mail addresses where needed [6]), and computed relationship strength between A and B as the number of e-mails that are a reply of B to a message from A or vice versa, according to the in-reply-to header of the e-mail."

Our data set covers 11 of the 13 projects (from 7 different do- mains, selected from mailing-list archive Gmane to build a diverse set of projects) for which we analyzed innovation episodes. They include three workflow applications (Bugzilla, Flyspray, Request Tracker), two desktop environments (Rox, Xfce), two design tools (ArgoUML, a UML CASE tool; gEDA, a set of electronic design automation tools), one bootloader (Grub), one hardware emulator (Bochs), one operating system (FreeDOS), and one database man- agement system (MonetDB).},
	pages = {5{\textendash}10},
	publisher = {ACM},
	organization = {ACM},
	address = {New York, NY, USA},
	abstract = {Background: People contribute to OSS projects in wildly different degrees, from reporting a single defect once and never coming back to spending many hours each workday on the project over several years - or anything in between. It is a common conception that these degrees of participation sort the participants into a number of similar groups which are layered like the peels of an onion: The onion model. Objective: We check whether this model of gradually different degrees of participation is valid with respect to the participation in OSS project mailing-list traffic. Methods: We perform social network analysis based on replies to mailing-list messages and use visualization to check the nature of three different groups of participants. Results: There appears to be a discontinuity with respect to core members: The degree to which very active core members (as opposed to less active co-developers) react to e-mails of senders from the project{\textquoteright}s periphery is significantly higher than would be expected from their level of activity in general. Limitations: The effect might be an artifact of the assumption that each mailing-list message can be treated the same. Conclusions: We conclude that core member status may be qualitatively (rather than just quantitatively) different and the transition of individual mailing-list participants towards ever higher participation is qualitatively discontinuous.},
	keywords = {argouml, Bochs, bugzilla, communication structure, Flyspray, gEDA, Grub, MonetDB, open source process, request tracker, Rox, social network analysis, Xfce},
	isbn = {978-1-60558-978-7},
	doi = {10.1145/1833272.1833274},
	url = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1833272.1833274},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/OezThiPre10-SNA.pdf},
	author = {Oezbek, Christopher and Prechelt, Lutz and Thiel, Florian}
}
@conference {Hissam,
	title = {On Open and Collaborative Software Development in the DoD},
	booktitle = {Seventh Annual Acquisition Research Symposium, {NPS} Proceedings -},
	volume = {1},
	number = {1},
	year = {2010},
	month = {04/2010},
	pages = {219{\textendash}235},
	publisher = {Naval Postgraduate School},
	organization = {Naval Postgraduate School},
	address = {Monterey, California},
	abstract = {The US Department of Defense (specifically, but not limited to, the DoD CIO{\textquoteright}s Clarifying Guidance Regarding Open Source Software, DISA{\textquoteright}s launch of Forge.mil and OSD{\textquoteright}s Open Technology Development Roadmap Plan) has called for increased use of open source software and the adoption of best practices from the free/open source software (F/OSS) community to foster greater reuse and innovation between programs in the DoD. In our paper, we examine some key aspects of open and collaborative software development inspired by the success of the F/OSS movement as it might manifest itself within the US DoD. This examination is made from two perspectives: the reuse potential among DoD programs sharing software and the incentives, strategies and policies that will be required to foster a culture of collaboration needed to achieve the benefits indicative of F/OSS. Our conclusion is that to achieve predictable and expected reuse, not only are technical infrastructures needed, but also a shift to the business practices in the software development and delivery pattern seen in the traditional acquisition lifecycle is needed. Thus, there is potential to overcome the challenges discussed within this paper to engender a culture of openness and community collaboration to support the DoD mission.},
	keywords = {collaborative development, open source software, reuse, software engineering},
	url = {http://www.acquisitionresearch.net/cms/_files/FY2010/NPS-AM-10-037.pdf},
	author = {Hissam, S. A. and Weinstock, C. and Bass, L.}
}
@article {1334,
	title = {Open Educational Resources in E-Learning},
	journal = {International Journal of Open Source Software and Processes},
	volume = {2},
	year = {2010},
	pages = {1 - 12},
	abstract = {According to Dr. B.R. Ambedkar{\textquoteright}s definition (Deshpande \& Mugridge, 1994), Open Educational Resources (OER) are based on the philosophical view of knowledge as a collective, social product. In the last years the relevance of OER has been widely acknowledged and a high magnitude impact is to be expected for OER in the near future (Atkins et al, 2007), (Wiley \& Gurrell, 2009), especially as a masterpiece in e-learning development. The aim of this chapter is to present an overview of OER in e-learning, focused on two fundamental aspects: (i) technical issues, mainly standards, and (ii) socio-economic and legal questions. This way the chapter deals with the most relevant issues in this matter: Which is the OER{\textquoteright}s role in education, especially for e-learning performance? Which are the technical resources and current standards needed for them? Which socio-economics and legal aspects influence the diffusion and use of OER?},
	issn = {1942-3934},
	doi = {10.4018/IJOSSP.2010100101},
	author = {Rejas-Muslera, Ricardo J. and Garc{\'\i}a-Tejedor, Alvaro J. and Rodriguez, Olga Pe{\~n}alba}
}
@article {1329,
	title = {Open for Social},
	journal = {International Journal of Open Source Software and Processes},
	volume = {2},
	year = {2010},
	pages = {49 - 64},
	abstract = {Online learning in K-12 and higher education has been growing rapidly, and open source software has the potential to improve the quality of e-learning. This paper describes how FOSS enables turning e-learning from a potentially restrictive framing of the education experience to an emergent and social experience. The authors identify several key elements of the FOSS model that position open source initiatives to contribute to the emergent and social nature of experience in e-learning. The authors also describe several challenges to developing FOSS in a community of educators for e-learning. These elements and challenges are illustrated in a brief case report about the development of an open source software system called Context-aware Activity Notification System (CANS). CANS (http://cansaware.com) is a notification system that integrates with collaborative work and learning systems and is designed around the importance of awareness of user activity, a user{\textquoteright}s social context and personal notification preferences. },
	keywords = {education},
	issn = {1942-3934},
	doi = {10.4018/jossp.2010010104},
	author = {Laffey, James and Schmidt, Matthew and Amelung, Christopher}
}
@article {1337,
	title = {Open Scientific Entrepreneurship},
	journal = {International Journal of Open Source Software and Processes},
	volume = {2},
	year = {2010},
	pages = {48 - 66},
	abstract = {The objective of this article is to conceptually transfer the concept of open source software (OSS) development to scientific entrepreneurship and to hypothetically discuss the support potentials of this rather new development philosophy for what we than call open scientific entrepreneurship. Therefore, at first the authors will go into conceptual details of scientific entrepreneurship and than of OSS development. Following, the main thrust of the article presents open scientific entrepreneurship from two points of origin: first of all, OSS development as a specific form of scientific e-entrepreneurship and further on potential benefits of opening {\textquotedblleft}traditional{\textquotedblright} scientific entrepreneurship up by looking at specific action fields. These action fields are theoretically based on the process and competence perspective of scientific entrepreneurship. Finally, the general benefits as well as downsides of the concept of openness are discussed on a generic level. It becomes obvious that there is need for balancing the tensions between an open and closed design pattern for scientific entrepreneurship with a general emphasis on the open design perspective.},
	issn = {1942-3934},
	doi = {10.4018/IJOSSP.2010100104},
	author = {von Kortzfleisch, Harald and Schaarschmidt, Mario and Magin, Philipp}
}
@article {1333,
	title = {Open Source Adoption Index},
	journal = {International Journal of Open Source Software and Processes},
	volume = {2},
	year = {2010},
	pages = {48 - 60},
	abstract = {This paper reports the preliminary results of a study conducted to assess and quantify the adoption of Free/Open Source Software (FOSS) by organisations and enterprises. While almost all organisations use FOSS in some form today, there is a wide variation in the manner and extent to which they do so, and presently no quantitative measure exists that can capture the true picture. The present work has built a model with two sets of parameters that, when fed with relevant data about an organisation, generates a single number, the FOSS Adoption Index (FAI), for that organisation. The index is so defined that the higher its value for an organisation, the greater is the extent of FOSS adoption in that organisation. Beyond the single measure FAI that gives a coarse assessment, the model also allows drilling down to finer levels of granularity that provides deeper insights into the status and role of FOSS within a given organisation. Primary data collected for two classes of organisations through questionnaire based surveys and interviews have been used to demonstrate the working of the model as well as its potential usefulness for real world situations.},
	issn = {1942-3934},
	doi = {10.4018/jossp.2010070103},
	author = {Saini, Sanjeev K. and Krishnan, C. N. and Rajaram, L. N.}
}
@book {1249,
	title = {Open Source Software Developer and Project Networks},
	series = {IFIP Advances in Information and Communication TechnologyOpen Source Software: New Horizons},
	volume = {319},
	year = {2010},
	note = {no information on data gathering procedures},
	pages = {407 - 412},
	publisher = {Springer Berlin Heidelberg},
	organization = {Springer Berlin Heidelberg},
	address = {Berlin, Heidelberg},
	abstract = {This paper outlines complex network concepts and how social networks are built from Open Source Software (OSS) data. We present an initial study of the social networks of three different OSS forges, BerliOS Developer, GNU Savannah, and SourceForge. Much research has been done on snapshot or conflated views of these networks, especially SourceForge, due to the size of the SourceForge community. The degree distribution, connectedness, centrality, and scale-free nature of SourceForge has been presented for the network at particular points in time. However, very little research has been done on how the network grows, how connections were made, especially during its infancy, and how these metrics evolve over time. },
	keywords = {berlios, savannah, sourceforge},
	isbn = {978-3-642-13244-5},
	issn = {1861-2288},
	doi = {10.1007/978-3-642-13244-5_39},
	author = {Madey, G. and van Antwerp, M.},
	editor = {{\r A}gerfalk, P{\"a}r and Boldyreff, Cornelia and Gonz{\'a}lez-Barahona, Jes{\'u}s M. and Madey, Gregory R. and Noll, John}
}
@article {1336,
	title = {Open Source Software Systems},
	journal = {International Journal of Open Source Software and Processes},
	volume = {2},
	year = {2010},
	pages = {28 - 47},
	abstract = {Complex software systems and the huge amounts of data they produce are becoming an integral part of our organizations. We are also becoming increasingly dependent on high quality software products in our everyday lives. These systems {\textquoteleft}evolve{\textquoteright} as we identify and correct existing defects, provide new functionalities, or increase their nonfunctional qualities - such as security, maintainability, performance, etc. Simultaneously, more software development projects are distributed over multiple locations (often globally) and are often several millions of dollars in development costs. Consequently, as the Internet continually eliminates geographic boundaries, the concept of doing business within a single country has given way to companies focusing on competing in an international marketplace. The digitalization of work and the reorganization of work processes across many organizations have resulted in routine and/or commodity components being outsourced.},
	issn = {1942-3934},
	doi = {10.4018/IJOSSP.2010100103},
	author = {Lenin, R. B. and Ramaswamy, S. and Yu, Liguo and Govindan, R. B.}
}
@conference {962,
	title = {OSS developers context-specific Preferred Representational systems: A initial Neurolinguistic text analysis of the Apache mailing list},
	booktitle = {2010 7th IEEE Working Conference on Mining Software Repositories (MSR 2010)2010 7th IEEE Working Conference on Mining Software Repositories (MSR 2010)},
	year = {2010},
	pages = {126 - 129},
	publisher = {IEEE},
	organization = {IEEE},
	address = {Cape Town, South Africa},
	abstract = {Open Source Software (OSS) mailing lists are used by developers to discuss software engineering tasks performed in the project. In the last years, researchers have been conducting mailing lists linguistic analyses for understanding the intricacies of OSS development. An unpublished approach for that is to use NeuroLinguistic Theory (NT). NT postulates the use of a Preferred Representational cognitive System (PRS) in specific contexts. This means that different resources and cognitive channels are used by developers in order to understand software, but what types of representational systems are the preferred by software engineers? This paper introduces a psychometrically-based neuro-linguistic analysis tool to classify developers, and presents early results of an experiment to assess the PRS of four top developers against a baseline of the Apache server mailing list.},
	keywords = {apache, email, email archives, mailing lists, neurolinguistics},
	isbn = {978-1-4244-6802-7},
	doi = {10.1109/MSR.2010.5463339},
	author = {Junior, Methanias Colaco and Mendonca, Manoel and Farias, Mario and Henrique, Paulo}
}
@article {1342,
	title = {Open Source and Commercial Software Platforms},
	journal = {International Journal of Open Source Software and Processes},
	volume = {1},
	year = {2009},
	pages = {67 - 80},
	abstract = {In this article, we consider the dynamics and competition between two software platforms (Open Source and proprietary software). Potential user-developers can adopt one of the two platforms in order to develop and sell new applications based on the platform. We consider the static issue first and then use a simple dynamic system where the dynamics comes from the development efforts (spillovers) made on each platforms. In this context, we first identify the conditions for the two platforms to coexist in the long run. From this baseline, we then consider different strategies for the editor. A first strategy is for the editor to {\textquotedblleft}show the code{\textquotedblright} of its software, so as to develop more compatible products. A second strategy is to strategically monitor the compatibility degree between the proprietary and OS platform. In both cases, we analyze whether a mixed industry may be sustainable in the long run.},
	issn = {1942-3934},
	doi = {10.4018/jossp.2009040105},
	author = {Darmon, Eric and Torre, Dominique}
}
@conference {569,
	title = {Open Source Is Changing the Way Work Gets Done},
	booktitle = {OSS2009: Open Source Ecosystems: Diverse Communities Interacting (IFIP 2.13)},
	series = {IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology },
	volume = {299/2009},
	year = {2009},
	month = {2009///},
	pages = {1 },
	publisher = {Springer},
	organization = {Springer},
	chapter = {1},
	abstract = {Open source software is changing not only the way the software industry works, but also the way work gets done. In the open source software model, individuals and companies collaborate together to produce software. They learn new ways of getting work done that are based on meritocracy and little management. In addition, they learn ways of communication that work well across large groups and virtual environments. These new ways of communicating and getting work done are changing the nature of work across all industries, not just the software industry, industries like mobile technology providers and medical equipment. Come learn how the open source software model is changing the way individuals and companies work and collaborate.
},
	issn = {978-3-642-02031-5},
	doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-02032-2_1},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/Open\%20Source\%20is\%20Changing.pdf},
	author = {Peters, Stormy}
}
@article {1235,
	title = {Open Source Software Adoption: Anatomy of Success and Failure},
	journal = {International Journal of Open Source Software and Processes},
	volume = {1},
	number = {1},
	year = {2009},
	month = {01/2009},
	pages = {1-23},
	abstract = {Current estimates suggest widespread adoption of open source software (OSS) in organizations worldwide. However, the problematic nature of OSS adoption is readily evidenced in the fairly frequent reports of problems, unforeseen hold-ups, and outright abandonment of OSS implementation over time. Hibernia Hospital, an Irish public sector organization, have embarked on the adoption of a range of OSS applications over several years, some of which have been successfully deployed and remain in live use within the organisation, whereas others, despite achieving high levels of assimilation over a number of years, have not been ultimately retained in live use in the organization. Using a longitudinal case study, we discuss in depth the deployment process for two OSS applications {\textendash} the desktop application suite whose deployment was unsuccessful ultimately, and the email application which was successfully deployed. To our knowledge, this is the first such in-depth study into successful and unsuccessful OSS implementation.},
	keywords = {adoption, project failure, project success},
	doi = {10.4018/jossp.2009010101},
	author = {Fitzgerald, Brian}
}
@article {1339,
	title = {Open Source Software Governance Serving Technological Agility},
	journal = {International Journal of Open Source Software and Processes},
	volume = {1},
	year = {2009},
	pages = {14 - 27},
	abstract = {The development of open source software is currently arousing increasing interest in the IT world. This research inquires some specific paths enlarging the traditional view over open source software in inquiring the US Department of Defense (DoD) and the dynamics associated its front- and back-office activities. We explain how distinguishing basic administration from operational constraints and weapon R\&D dynamics introduces specific governance concerns among public and private stakeholders. By no longer defining open source solutions as mere goods, but as services characterized by a flow of knowledge, we particularly highlight new emerging strategies of technological acquisition. Our analysis leads to revise the traditional role focusing mainly on cost issues and introduces open source software with distinctive properties serving the management of innovation and technological agility at the level of complex systems, exemplified here with the constraints associated to weapon systems and the Network centric warfare doctrine},
	issn = {1942-3934},
	doi = {10.4018/jossp.2009040102},
	author = {Le Texier, Thomas and Versailles, David W.}
}
@conference {575,
	title = {Opening Industrial Software: Planting an Onion},
	booktitle = {OSS2009: Open Source Ecosystems: Diverse Communities Interacting (IFIP 2.13)},
	series = {IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology },
	volume = {299/2009},
	year = {2009},
	month = {2009///},
	pages = {57 - 69},
	publisher = {Springer},
	organization = {Springer},
	chapter = {7},
	abstract = {This paper studies the problem of building open source communities for industrial software that was originally developed as closed source. We present a conceptual framework for planning the early stages of the release process highlighting the main stakeholders and concerns involved. The framework is illustrated by means of three industrial software platforms reporting first experiences of the community building process. In order to measure the effectiveness of the approach, the use of a quantitative and qualitative evaluation framework is advocated.
},
	issn = {978-3-642-02031-5},
	doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-02032-2_7},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/Opening\%20Industrial\%20Software.pdf},
	author = {Sirkkala, Petri and Aaltonen, Timo and Hammouda, Imed}
}
@conference {596,
	title = {Openness to Standard Document Formats in Swedish Public Sector Organisations},
	booktitle = {OSS2009: Open Source Ecosystems: Diverse Communities Interacting (IFIP 2.13)},
	series = {IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology },
	volume = {299/2009},
	year = {2009},
	month = {2009///},
	pages = {320 - 329},
	publisher = {Springer},
	organization = {Springer},
	chapter = {28},
	abstract = {There is a strong movement in Europe to promote products that support open, well-documented standards. Directives and proposals at European and national levels have been developed in this area. There is in particular an increasing recognition of the need for governmental organisations to support and promote standard document formats. This vision can stand in stark contrast with the reality of those document formats which can currently be accepted and produced by those organisations. In this paper we address the question: to what extent can and do Swedish governmental organisations respond appropriately when presented with a document in a format that conforms to an open standard? We find that a small minority of organisations can actually do so, whereas all are willing and able to accept documents in a proprietary format. The study also highlights a lack of transparency in organisations regarding formats which should be accepted and used for communication with the general public.
},
	issn = {978-3-642-02031-5},
	doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-02032-2_28},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/Openness\%20to\%20Standard\%20Document\%20Formats.pdf},
	author = {Lundell, Bj{\"o}rn and Lings, Brian}
}
@booklet {526,
	title = {The Open and Closed Styles of Talent Acquisition and Management:  Which takes an edge where},
	year = {2008},
	abstract = {The phenomenal success of Free/Open Source Software during the recent years has led researchers in all related fields to re-think and re-evaluate the studies and concepts, especially those which the open source violates. Talent management and talent acquisition is no exception to this. The sudden rise in open source projects and their success is a cause of motivation for all of us to evaluate their philosophy and implement the same. Proper talent management and acquisition of talent can play a key role in strengthening the industry. Traditional closed management with their classic way of functioning may still look at the open source model as a big mystery. Open source has violated many of the theories of Software Engineering like limited team size, decentralized project management, etc. The concepts of self-motivated individuals, adaptive division of labor, informal or indirect leadership, etc. are the contributions of the open source to the world.

In this paper we discuss these concepts and state their differences with the way of working of closed talent management. Even though open source has various benefits in working, but requirement of a good coordination process, redundancy of development, versioning problems, etc. pose a limitation. We present an analogy of the talent management in the two concepts with that of the natural ecosystem. Talent in open source works in a manner similar to the ant colonies. Here the process is more community oriented and there is no single dictator power. The proprietary, on the other hand, works on talent as the lions ruling the den. There is a hierarchy and that needs to be respected. Only the leader has the right to make final decision, and that is binding. We also take a look into the present conditions of meltdown and show how the open source way is better suited for this scenario. Even though the present firms may be seeing a setback at this time of recession, the impact on firms with an open source way of working is much lighter or none at all. We also discuss the interactions between the two styles of talent management and present a model that can be adopted by the proprietary companies to benefit from open model. Our arguments of the paper not only deal with software, but also on content that comes under the domain of Creative Commons. We have taken the examples of Wikipedia, Sourceforge.net, Linux etc. for the various issues we discuss.},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/paper.pdf},
	author = {Rahul Kala}
}
@conference {547,
	title = {An Open Integrated Environment for Transparent Fuzzy Agents Design},
	booktitle = {OSS2008: Open Source Development, Communities and Quality (IFIP 2.13)},
	series = {IFIP International Federation for Information Processing},
	volume = {275/2008},
	year = {2008},
	month = {2008///},
	pages = {249 - 255},
	publisher = {Springer},
	organization = {Springer},
	chapter = {20},
	abstract = {Recently, computational agents received significant attention in computer science research community. In fact, intelligent agents is a powerful artificial intelligence technology showing considerable promise as a new paradigm for mainstream software development and able to offer new ways of abstraction, decomposition, and organization that fit well with our natural view of the world. However, despite their promise, intelligent agents are still scarce in the market place. A key reason for this is that developing intelligent agent software requires significant training and skill. Artificial Intelligence methodologies and computer networking tools represent the necessary basic knowledge to design and implement advanced agents oriented systems. This papers introduces an integrated development environment supporting the agents developers to design fuzzy-based agents in a simple and fast way. Proposed framework has been realized by integration of theoretical methodologies as fuzzy logic and labeled tree, together with OSS tools as JaxMe2.
},
	issn = {978-0-387-09683-4},
	doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-09684-1_20},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/An\%20Open\%20Integrated\%20Environment.pdf},
	author = {Acampora, Giovanni and Loia, Vincenzo}
}
@conference {568,
	title = {Open Source Environments for Collaborative Experiments in e-Science},
	booktitle = {OSS2008: Open Source Development, Communities and Quality (IFIP 2.13)},
	series = {IFIP International Federation for Information Processing},
	volume = {275/2008},
	year = {2008},
	month = {2008///},
	pages = {415 - 416},
	publisher = {Springer},
	organization = {Springer},
	chapter = {41},
	abstract = {Open Source Software (OSS) for e-Science should make reference to the paradigm of a distributed surrounding over a multi system mix of Web Services and Grid technologies, allowing data exchanging through services, according to standards in the area of the Grid and of Service Oriented Computing (SOC). In fact, biologists, medical doctors, and scientists are often involved in time consuming experiments and are aware of the degree of difficulty in validating or rejecting a given hypothesis by lab experiments. The benefits of OSS for e-Science consider that as many operating nodes as possible can work cooperatively sharing data, resources, and software, thus avoiding the bottleneck of licenses for distributed use of tools needed to perform cooperative scientific experiments. In particular, this chapter presents an architecture based on nodes equipped with a Grid and with Web Services in order to access OSS, showing how scientific experiments can be enacted through the use of a cooperation among OSS sites. Such a choice, besides reducing the cost of the experiments, would support distributed introduction of OSS among other actors of the dynamical networks, thus supporting the awareness about OSS and their diffusion. An OSS environment for cooperative scientific experiments (e-experiments) can effectively support the distributed execution of different classes of experiments, from visualization to model identification through clustering and rules generation, in various application fields, such as bioinformatics, neuro-informatics, tele-monitoring,or drug discovery. By applying Web Services and Grid computing, an experiment or a simulation can be executed in a cooperative way on various computation nodes of a network equipped with OSS, allowing data exchange among researchers. Our environment  formalizes experiments as cooperative services on various computational nodes of a grid network. Basic elements are models, languages, and support tools creating a virtual
network of organizational responsibility of the global experiments, according to rules under which each node can execute local services to be accessed by other nodes in order to achieve the whole experiment{\textquoteright}s results.
},
	issn = {978-0-387-09683-4},
	doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-09684-1_41},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/Open\%20Source\%20Environments.pdf},
	author = {Bosin, Andrea and Dess{\'\i}, Nicoletta and Fugini, Maria and Liberati, Diego and Pes, Barbara}
}
@conference {562,
	title = {Open Source Project Categorization Based on Growth Rate Analysis and Portfolio Planning Methods},
	booktitle = {OSS2008: Open Source Development, Communities and Quality (IFIP 2.13)},
	series = {IFIP International Federation for Information Processing},
	volume = {275/2008},
	year = {2008},
	month = {2008///},
	pages = {375 - 380},
	publisher = {Springer},
	organization = {Springer},
	chapter = {35},
	abstract = {In this paper, we propose to arrive at an assessment and evaluation of open source projects based on an analysis of their growth rates in several aspects. These include code base, developer number, bug reports and downloads. Based on this analysis and assessment, a well-known portfolio planning method, the BCG matrix, is employed for arriving at a very broad classification of open source projects. While this approach naturally results in a loss of detailed information, a top-level categorization is in some domains necessary and of interest.
},
	issn = {978-0-387-09683-4},
	doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-09684-1_35},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/Open\%20Source\%20Project\%20Categorization.pdf},
	author = {Koch, Stefan and Stix, Volker}
}
@conference {565,
	title = {Open Source Reference Systems for Biometric Verification of Identity},
	booktitle = {OSS2008: Open Source Development, Communities and Quality (IFIP 2.13)},
	series = {IFIP International Federation for Information Processing},
	volume = {275/2008},
	year = {2008},
	month = {2008///},
	pages = {397 - 404},
	publisher = {Springer},
	organization = {Springer},
	chapter = {38},
	abstract = {This paper focuses on the common evaluation framework which was developed by the BioSecure Network of Excellence during the European FP6 project BioSecure (Biometrics for Secure authentication). This framework, which is composed of open-source reference systems, publicly available databases, assessment protocols and benchmarking results, introduces a new experimental methodology for conducting, reporting and comparing experiments for biometric systems, participating to standardisation efforts. Its use will permit to make a link between different published works. It provides also the necessary tools to assure the reproducibility of the benchmarking biometric experiments. This framework can be considered as a re-liable and innovative process to evaluate the progress of research in the field of bio-metrics.
},
	issn = {978-0-387-09683-4},
	doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-09684-1_38},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/Open\%20Source\%20Reference\%20Systems.pdf},
	author = {Mayoue, Aur{\'e}lien and Petrovska-Delacr{\'e}taz, Dijana}
}
@article {flosswp8,
	title = {Open Source Software: Free Provision of a Complex Public Good},
	year = {2008},
	month = {April},
	abstract = {Open source software, developed by volunteers, appears counter to conventional wisdom about private provision of public goods. Standard arguments suggest that proprietary provision should be more efficient. But complex open source products challenge commercially-developed software in quality and market share. I argue that the complexity of software changes the results. With complex software, standard products cannot address all consumer needs and proprietary custom solutions are not always offered. Open source allows consumers to create their own customizations. When such user-customizations are then shared, open source products grow in quality and features. Open source extends the market for complex products.},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/lakhanivonhippelusersupport.pdf},
	author = {Jim Bessen}
}
@article {flosswp1,
	title = {Open Source Software: Free Provision of a Complex Public Good},
	year = {2008},
	month = {April},
	abstract = {Open source software, developed by volunteers, appears counter to conventional wisdom about private provision of public goods. Standard arguments suggest that proprietary provision should be more efficient. But complex open source products challenge commercially-developed software in quality and market share. I argue that the complexity of software changes the results. With complex software, standard products cannot address all consumer needs and proprietary custom solutions are not always offered. Open source allows consumers to create their own customizations. When such user-customizations are then shared, open source products grow in quality and features. Open source extends the market for complex products.},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/opensrc.pdf},
	author = {Jim Bessen}
}
@conference {Rigby:2008:OSS:1368088.1368162,
	title = {Open source software peer review practices: a case study of the apache server},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the 30th International Conference on Software Engineering (ICSE 2008)},
	series = {ICSE {\textquoteright}08},
	year = {2008},
	note = {http://faculty.salisbury.edu/~xswang/Research/Papers/SERelated/testing/p541-rigby.pdf},
	pages = {541{\textendash}550},
	publisher = {ACM},
	organization = {ACM},
	address = {New York, NY, USA},
	abstract = {Peer review is seen as an important quality assurance mechanism in both industrial development and the open source software (OSS) community. The techniques for performing inspections have been well studied in industry; in OSS development, peer reviews are less well understood. We examine the two peer review techniques used by the successful, mature Apache server project: review-then-commit and commit-then-review. Using archival records of email discussion and version control repositories, we construct a series of metrics that produces measures similar to those used in traditional inspection experiments. Specifically, we measure the frequency of review, the level of participation in reviews, the size of the artifact under review, the calendar time to perform a review, and the number of reviews that find defects. We provide a comparison of the two Apache review techniques as well as a comparison of Apache review to inspection in an industrial project. We conclude that Apache reviews can be described as (1) early, frequent reviews (2) of small, independent, complete contributions (3) conducted asynchronously by a potentially large, but actually small, group of self-selected experts (4) leading to an efficient and effective peer review technique.},
	keywords = {apache, cvs, email, inspection, mining software repositories (email), open source software, peer review, version control},
	isbn = {978-1-60558-079-1},
	doi = {10.1145/1368088.1368162},
	url = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1368088.1368162},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/p541-rigby.pdf},
	author = {Peter C. Rigby and Daniel M. German and Storey, Margaret-Anne}
}
@booklet {525,
	title = {Open Source: The Next Big Thing In Technology Transfer to Developing Nations},
	year = {2008},
	month = {March},
	abstract = {Free Open Source (FOS) should be one of the least expensive and most effective solutions for technology and knowledge transfer to developing nations. This concept has diffused to several fields such as software, hardware, and content. FOS offers not only a low cost alternative for technology acquisition, but also for networking based on cooperation. In addition, the transaction costs of communication, licensing and negotiations are minimized, freeing up funds for real development. In this paper, FOS incentives, indicators, and measures are explained and the advantages of FOS as a viable technology and knowledge transfer tool for developing countries are highlighted.},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/1569088836.pdf},
	author = {Jamil Alkhatib and Mohab Anis and Hamid Noori}
}
@conference {537,
	title = {Open to Grok. How do Hackers{\textquoteright} Practices Produce Hackers?},
	booktitle = {OSS2008: Open Source Development, Communities and Quality (IFIP 2.13)},
	series = {IFIP International Federation for Information Processing},
	volume = {275/2008},
	year = {2008},
	month = {2008///},
	pages = {121 - 129},
	publisher = {Springer},
	organization = {Springer},
	chapter = {10},
	abstract = {How do hackers{\textquoteright} practices produce hackers{\textquoteright} identities? In this paper we argue that the association between science fiction and software programs is rooted in hackers{\textquoteright} practices, defining how hackers{\textquoteright} knowledge{\textquoteright} emerge. The mediation is the one of the Heinlein verb {\textquotedblleft}to grok{\textquotedblright}, part of the Jargon file and of the name of a code browser, OpenGrok, the technology mediating the relationship between OpenSolaris developers and the code base. Starting with a description of the peculiarity of the verb {\textquotedblleft}to grok{\textquotedblright}, and its connection with a non-Cartesian view of knowledge, we discuss how the history of OpenGrok and its use by developers make this knowledge part of hackers{\textquoteright} practices and identities, as someone involved in a true, deep understanding of software.
},
	issn = {978-0-387-09683-4},
	doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-09684-1_10},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/Open\%20to\%20Grok.pdf},
	author = {D{\textquoteright}Andrea, Vincenzo and De Paoli, Stefano and Teli, Maurizio}
}
@conference {531,
	title = {Overview on Trust in Large FLOSS Communities},
	booktitle = {OSS2008: Open Source Development, Communities and Quality (IFIP 2.13)},
	series = {IFIP International Federation for Information Processing},
	volume = {275/2008},
	year = {2008},
	month = {2008///},
	pages = {47 - 56},
	publisher = {Springer},
	organization = {Springer},
	chapter = {4},
	abstract = {The paper presents a survey of mature Free/Libre Open Source Software communities. The main focus of the survey is the collection of data related to the practices of these communities related to trust elements in their products. The survey is carried out using a structured questionnaire about thoughts and practices followed by Free/Libre Open Source Software communities. The survey focuses on the analysis of the development processes adopted by such communities. The results of the survey confirms basic ideas related to Free/Libre Open Source Software and explains in more detail specific issues related to trust and trustworthiness of the Free/Libre Open Source Software development process.
},
	issn = {978-0-387-09683-4},
	doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-09684-1_4},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/Overview\%20on\%20Trust.pdf},
	author = {Petrinja, Etiel and Sillitti, Alberto and Succi, Giancarlo}
}
@conference {995,
	title = {Open Borders? Immigration in Open Source Projects},
	booktitle = {Fourth International Workshop on Mining Software RepositoriesFourth International Workshop on Mining Software Repositories (MSR{\textquoteright}07:ICSE Workshops 2007)},
	year = {2007},
	pages = {6 - 6},
	publisher = {IEEE},
	organization = {IEEE},
	address = {Minneapolis, MN, USA},
	abstract = {Open source software is built by teams of volunteers. Each project has a core team of developers, who have the authority to commit changes to the repository; this team is the elite, committed foundation of the project, selected through a meritocratic process from a larger number of people who participate on the mailing list. Most projects carefully regulate admission of outsiders to full developer privileges; some projects even have formal descriptions of this process. Understanding the factors that influence the "who, how and when" of this process is critical, both for the sustainability of FLOSS projects, and for outside stakeholders who want to gain entry and succeed. In this paper we mount a quantitative case study of the process by which people join FLOSS projects, using data mined from the Apache web server, Postgres, and Python. We develop a theory of open source project joining, and evaluate this theory based on our data.},
	keywords = {apache, core, joining, postgresql, python, team},
	isbn = {0-7695-2950-X},
	doi = {10.1109/MSR.2007.23},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/28300006.pdf},
	author = {Christian Bird and Gourley, Alex and Devanbu, Prem and Swaminathan, Anand and Hsu, Greta}
}
@article {flosswp328,
	title = {Open Source and the software industry. How firms do business out of an open innovation paradigm},
	year = {2007},
	month = {January},
	abstract = {Open Source Software (OSS) represents an ???open innovation??? paradigm based on knowledge produced and shared by developers and users. The paper inquires how OSS challenges the three Teece???s building blocks. New findings from a large survey of European software companies, show that within the OSS paradigm: (i) OSS can be a sustainable business model even in the absence of any appropriability; (ii) complementary assets are distributed collectively and made widely available without the need for dedicated contractual arrangements; (iii) a de facto dominant design may stem from a community of users/producers even independently of the presence of powerful large companies.},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/paper_euram_2007.pdf},
	author = {Andrea Bonaccorsi and Monica Merito and Rossi Cristina and Lucia Piscitello}
}
@article {1390,
	title = {An Open Source Approach to Developing Software in a Small Organization},
	journal = {IEEE Software},
	volume = {24},
	year = {2007},
	month = {01/2007},
	pages = {46 - 53},
	abstract = {This article is part of a special issue on Software Engineering Challenges in Small Software Organizations. The software development approach that developers at Kitware use borrows techniques from agile development and Extreme Programming and emphasizes long-term, ongoing projects. The company has used this approach on open source and closed-source projects in a wide range of sizes},
	keywords = {Cross-platform, Small-business, software engineering, Software testing},
	issn = {0740-7459},
	doi = {10.1109/MS.2007.5},
	author = {Martin, Ken and Hoffman, Bill}
}
@conference {618,
	title = {Open Source Collaboration for Fostering Off-The-Shelf Components Selection},
	booktitle = {OSS2007: Open Source Development, Adoption and Innovation (IFIP 2.13)},
	series = {IFIP International Federation for Information Processing },
	volume = {234/2007},
	year = {2007},
	month = {2007///},
	pages = {17 - 30},
	publisher = {Springer},
	organization = {Springer},
	chapter = {2},
	abstract = {The use of Off-The-Shelf software components in Component- Based Development implies many challenges. One of them is the lack of available and well-suited data to support selection of suitable OTS components. This paper proposes a feasible and incremental way to federate and reuse the different efforts for finding, selecting, and maintaining OTS components in a structured way. This is done not only for supporting OTS components selection, but also to overcome reported problems with the integration and maintenance of component repositories. It is based on the {\textquotedblleft}open source collaboration{\textquotedblright} idea to incrementally build an OTS components reuse infrastructure, enabling automatic support for OTS selection processes.
},
	issn = {978-0-387-72485-0},
	doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-72486-7_2},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/Open\%20Source\%20Collaboration.pdf},
	author = {Ayala, Claudia and S{\o}ensen, Carl-Fredrik and Conradi, Reidar and Franch, Xavier and Li, Jingyue}
}
@booklet {516,
	title = {Open Source Licensing \& Scattering Opportunism in Software Standards},
	year = {2007},
	month = {Jan},
	abstract = {Despite their beneficial influence on interoperability and markets, problems of detrimental opportunism occur with technology standards, including standards implemented in software, which this Article calls "Software Standards." Inspired by new perspectives on the study of semicommons in the history of real property, this Article contemplates the substitutability of free and open source software ("FOSS") for traditional standard-setting approaches. Standards are analogous to semicommons, where public and private use interact, raising the possibility of opportunistic influence on the Software Standard to increase private gain at the expense of the public benefit in a more uniform standard.  With its source code disclosure requirement, FOSS shifts and dampens this opportunism, although various limits influence the reach of its effect. The political economy around a standard will express itself differently under a FOSS implementation, and clearing intellectual property rights in the standard is no more certain than under the traditional standard-setting approach.},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/Vetter.OSS_.ScatteringOpportunism.FINAL_.withAppendixA.pdf},
	author = {Greg R Vetter}
}
@article {flosswp360,
	title = {Open Source Software and Economic Growth: A Classical Division of Labor Perspective},
	year = {2007},
	month = {August},
	abstract = {The article turns to classical economic insights on the division of labor and to institutional reasoning to identify some costs and benefits of Open Source Software (OSS) and proprietary software production. It suggests that, thanks to its licenses, OSS favors market expansion more than proprietary software does by tapping into spontaneous work input. The spontaneous tapping leads to a division of labor that exhibits what the article calls redundant economies. By generating a circle of knowledge growth, reuse, and sharing, redundant economies lead to increasing returns, which are crucial for economic growth.},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/0SSGROWTHMIT.pdf},
	author = {Giampaolo Garzarelli and Yasmina Reem Limam and Bj{\o}rn Thomassen}
}
@conference {652,
	title = {Open Source Software and Open Data Standards as a form of Technology Adoption: a Case Study},
	booktitle = {OSS2007: Open Source Development, Adoption and Innovation (IFIP 2.13)},
	series = {IFIP International Federation for Information Processing },
	volume = {234/2007},
	year = {2007},
	month = {2007///},
	pages = {325 - 330},
	publisher = {Springer},
	organization = {Springer},
	chapter = {36},
	abstract = {The process of technology adoption has been studied for long time to give instruments to evaluate the best strategies to ease the introduction of technology. While the main research on Open Source Software focuses mainly on the development process, team collaboration and programmers{\textquoteright} motivations, very few studies consider Open Source Software in this context. In this paper, we provide an overview of literature on technology adoption that can be useful to relate the concepts. We then provide a case study with historical data about file generation and usage across time to evaluate the adoption of Open Source Software and Open Data Standards in the specific case provided.
},
	issn = {978-0-387-72485-0},
	doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-72486-7_36},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/OSS\%20and\%20Open\%20Data\%20Standards.pdf},
	author = {Rossi, Bruno and Russo, Barbara and Succi, Giancarlo}
}
@conference {665,
	title = {Open Source Software and Product Lines 2007},
	booktitle = {OSS2007: Open Source Development, Adoption and Innovation (IFIP 2.13)},
	series = {IFIP International Federation for Information Processing },
	volume = {234/2007},
	year = {2007},
	month = {2007///},
	pages = {375 - 376},
	publisher = {Springer},
	organization = {Springer},
	chapter = {49},
	abstract = {Embedded industries have invested a lot in the introduction of software product lines in their software development. In addition, using open source software appears to be a profitable way to obtain good software. This is also applicable for organizations doing product line engineering. On the other hand, because of the diverse use of open source software, product line development is an attractive way of working in open source communities. In fact, the configuration mechanisms used in open source communities may be applicable within software product lines as well. In addition, product line organisations are usually involved in distributed development, which works very efficiently within open source communities. However, at present, there is limited interaction between the open source and product line development communities. The aim for the workshop is to explore what the two communities can learn from each other and to develop a better understanding of how the two communities can benefit from each other. The workshop deals with the following issues:
 
{\textendash}Community: Ownership, control and management of product line assets in an open source community
{\textendash}Visibility of the code: when it is valuable to share proprietary code and how to take the right decision.
{\textendash}Architecture Views: Creation of different levels of architecture visibility: proprietary, among closed consortium, public.
{\textendash}Is this possible?
{\textendash}Product line requirements roadmaps and planning in open source development
{\textendash}Variability management: Using the open source community to evolve components and being explicit about variability
{\textendash}Variability representation: in an open source community
{\textendash}Deployment: Open source for the platform and in applications
{\textendash}Heterogeneous processes: Cohabitation of product line management and agile processes
{\textendash}Tools: Open source asset management tools in product line development
{\textendash}Domain and application engineering and their meaning in an open source context
{\textendash}Recovery and recognition of a product line in an open source asset base
{\textendash}Legal: Aspects dealing with evolutionary, variability or distribution of development relating to legal risks involving: liability, warranties, patent infringements etc.
},
	issn = {978-0-387-72485-0},
	doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-72486-7_49},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/OSS\%20and\%20product\%20lines\%202007.pdf},
	author = {van der Linden, Frank and Lundell, Bj{\"o}rn}
}
@proceedings {136,
	title = {Open source software development and the small world phenomenon: an empirical investigations of macro level colaboration network properties on project success},
	year = {2007},
	keywords = {NotreDameArchive},
	author = {Param Vir Singh}
}
@booklet {506,
	title = {Open Source Software Development as a Model for Internet Governance},
	year = {2007},
	month = {Sept},
	abstract = {Internet governance and open source software development alike are most effectively achieved through a balance of decentralisation and control. For Internet governance, this is found in governance by network, in which governmental and private stakeholders, and the hierarchical and decentralised mechanisms of governance they respectively favour, are brought together. However if the stakeholders{\textquoteright} power is unequal, so will be the balance of the network. The case of open source software development provides the key to ensuring that stakeholders are not oppressed in a network unbalanced by hierarchical power. This relies on the phenomenon of exit-based empowerment that flows from the open source software licence. However, it can be extended to the design of governance networks given certain idealising assumptions, and even when these do not hold, useful lessons for the future reform of Internet governance arrangements remain.},
	author = {Jeremy Malcolm}
}
@article {springerlink:10.1007/s10368-007-0086-4,
	title = {Open source software: Motivation and restrictive licensing},
	journal = {International Economics and Economic Policy},
	volume = {4},
	year = {2007},
	note = {"We employ a unique data set consisting of 71 open source projects hosted at the SourceForge web site. The 71 projects in the sample were chosen (in January 2000)"
"This sample was observed over an 18-month period from January 2002 through the middle of 2003, with data collected at 2-month intervals."
"We are grateful to NERA for providing us with the data."
"Although we only have data on a relatively small sample of the projects hosted SourceForge, the sample is unique because of data on lines of code as well as data on different versions of the program. The latter is a potentially important control variable, since a change in version may necessitate additional lines of code.
Our data set contains information on the size of the open source projects in the form of source lines of code (SLOC). Using SLOC as a performance measure is not always ideal; nevertheless, this performance measure is employed in the profession and the literature.15 For our purposes, SLOC is in fact an ideal measure, because we want to measure the effort that is put into the project, rather than whether a project succeeds."
},
	pages = {209-225},
	publisher = {Springer Berlin / Heidelberg},
	abstract = {Open source software (OSS) is an economic paradox. Development of open source software is often done by unpaid volunteers and the source code is typically freely available. Surveys suggest that status, signaling, and intrinsic motivations play an important role in inducing developers to invest effort. Contribution to an OSS project is rewarded by adding one{\textquoteright}s name to the list of contributors which is publicly observable. Such incentives imply that programmers may have little incentive to contribute beyond the threshold level required for being listed as a contributor. Using a unique data set we empirically examine this hypothesis. We find that the output per contributor in open source projects is much higher when licenses are less restrictive and more commercially oriented. These results indeed suggest a status, signaling, or intrinsic motivation for participation in OSS projects with restrictive licenses.},
	keywords = {contributions, contributors, developers, incentives, license analysis, licenses, lines of code, loc, MOTIVATION, restrictive, scm, size, status, version history},
	issn = {1612-4804},
	url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10368-007-0086-4},
	author = {Fershtman, Chaim and Gandal, Neil}
}
@mastersthesis {486,
	title = {Open Source Software: The use of open source},
	year = {2007},
	abstract = {This thesis explores the reasons behind the poor level of adoption of open source web GIS software, and whether it is due to poor awareness about open source concepts or due to technical deficiencies in the open source tools. The research was done in 2 major phases; the first phase involved conducting surveys to measure the awareness and attitudes towards open source. The surveys examined three categories of people involved in the IT industry, namely: decision makers, software developers, and end users. The measurement of awareness was done by developing an Awareness Indicator and a Sentiment Indicator for each category. These indicators were developed by the author during the course of the study in order to provide a measurable and descriptive indication of the results. The second phase involved performing a comparative analysis between MapServer a leading open source web GIS tool, and three of the leading proprietary web GIS software, namely: ESRI{\textquoteright}s ArcIMS, Intergraph{\textquoteright}s GeoMedia WebMap, and MapInfo{\textquoteright}s MapXtreme.

The results of the research provide an insight on how different categories of people view open source, and demonstrate that lack of awareness about open source concepts and its competencies may be a major reason behind the poor adoption of open source solutions. The results of the comparative analysis also demonstrate that MapServer is technically equivalent to its commercial counter parts.},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/OpenSourceGIS.pdf},
	author = {Mahmoud Refaat Nasr}
}
@conference {638,
	title = {Open source technologies for visually impaired people},
	booktitle = {OSS2007: Open Source Development, Adoption and Innovation (IFIP 2.13)},
	series = {IFIP International Federation for Information Processing },
	volume = {234/2007},
	year = {2007},
	month = {2007///},
	pages = {241 - 246},
	publisher = {Springer},
	organization = {Springer},
	chapter = {22},
	abstract = {We describe two open source applications which we have experienced as very useful aids for the integration of people suffering from visual impairments, from hypovision to actual blindness. The first application is based on speech synthesis and has been experienced by disabled university students. The second experience is oriented to schoolchildren with low residual vision, and it provides their educators and parents with easy to use tools for image manipulation, especially designed for exploiting
residual visual abilities.
},
	issn = {978-0-387-72485-0},
	doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-72486-7_22},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/Open\%20Source\%20Technologies\%20for\%20Visually\%20.pdf},
	author = {Boccacci, Patrizia and Carrega, Veronica and Dodero, Gabriella}
}
@article {ford2007open,
	title = {Open vs. closed: which source is more secure?},
	journal = {Queue},
	volume = {5},
	number = {1},
	year = {2007},
	pages = {32{\textendash}38},
	publisher = {ACM},
	abstract = {There is no better way to start an argument among a group of developers than proclaiming Operating System A to be {\textquotedblleft}more secure{\textquotedblright} than Operating System B. I know this from first-hand experience, as previous papers I have published on this topic have led to reams of heated e-mails directed at me{\textemdash}including some that were, quite literally, physically threatening. Despite the heat (not light!) generated from attempting to investigate the relative security of different software projects, investigate we must.

Understanding why products are (and are not) secure is a critical stepping stone toward building better software.

Before wading into these dangerous waters, we should clarify the question. All too often when comparing open and closed source approaches, the question is unconsciously interpreted as Windows versus Linux. While that{\textquoteright}s a fantastic question to knock around, doing so is a very narrow way of looking at the world, as it ignores many other projects in both the open and closed source worlds. Although it{\textquoteright}s foolish to ignore the data points the Windows/Linux world provides, they are simply examples of the process. So, let us first strip away the misconception that the question is about these particular platforms and recognize its real breadth.

With this in mind, our answer requires three crucial definitions in order to have meaning: {\textquotedblleft}What is open source?{\textquotedblright}; {\textquotedblleft}What is closed source?{\textquotedblright}; and, surprisingly, {\textquotedblleft}What is security?{\textquotedblright} The first two we can deal with quickly; the third is a lot subtler, however, so we shall tackle it first.},
	url = {http://queue.acm.org/detail.cfm?id=1217267},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/p32-ford.pdf},
	author = {Ford, Richard}
}
@conference {630,
	title = {OpenBQR: a framework for the assessment of OSS},
	booktitle = {OSS2007: Open Source Development, Adoption and Innovation (IFIP 2.13)},
	series = {IFIP International Federation for Information Processing },
	volume = {234/2007},
	year = {2007},
	month = {2007///},
	pages = {173 - 186},
	publisher = {Springer},
	organization = {Springer},
	chapter = {14},
	abstract = {People and organizations that are considering the adoption of OSS, or that need to choose among different OS products face the problem of evaluating OSS in a systematic, sound and complete way. While several proposals concerning the evaluation of costs and benefits exist, little attention has been given to the evaluation of technical qualities and, in general, to the {\textquotedblleft}usage-oriented{\textquotedblright} issues. In this paper the existing proposals are examined, the different types of qualities and issues that are relevant to potential users are described, and a coherent and innovative method for the evaluation of OSS is proposed. The proposed method is expected to support the potential user in the evaluation and choice of OSS in a flexible way, taking into account all the aspects that are relevant to the user.
},
	issn = {978-0-387-72485-0},
	doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-72486-7_14},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/OpenBQR.pdf},
	author = {Taibi, Davide and Lavazza, Luigi and Morasca, Sandro}
}
@article {flosswp361,
	title = {Out of Box Experience Issues of Free and Open Source Software},
	year = {2007},
	month = {July},
	abstract = {Abstract. This study addresses the Out-Of-Box Experience (OOBE) usability issues of Free and Open Source Software (F/OSS) considering outcomes of distributed development process and high number of available product choices. A methodology is presented, usability experiments are conducted and results are discussed. The objective was to determine key factors that affect usability of F/OSS during OOBE and first hours of use. We concluded that OOBE of F/OSS was significant in software usability perception and possible adoption. User experience, visible structure, consistency and functionality of the interface had significant impact on OOBE and first hours of use. Neither online support, nor product box appearance appeared as important.},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/gokturkcetin},
	author = {G{\"o}kt{\"u}rk Mehmet and G{\"o}rkem {\c C}etin}
}
@conference {Voinea:2006:OFC:1137983.1137993,
	title = {An open framework for CVS repository querying, analysis and visualization},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2006 international workshop on Mining software repositories},
	series = {MSR {\textquoteright}06},
	year = {2006},
	pages = {33{\textendash}39},
	publisher = {ACM},
	organization = {ACM},
	address = {New York, NY, USA},
	abstract = {We present an open framework for visual mining of CVS software repositories. We address three aspects: data extraction, analysis and visualization. We first discuss the challenges of CVS data extraction and storage, and propose a flexible way to deal with CVS implementation inconsistencies. We next present a new technique to enrich the raw data with information about artifacts showing similar evolution. Finally, we propose a visualization backend and show its applicability on industry-size repositories.},
	keywords = {argouml, cvs, cvsgrab, evolution visualization, postgresql, software visualization},
	isbn = {1-59593-397-2},
	doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1137983.1137993},
	url = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1137983.1137993},
	author = {Voinea, Lucian and Telea, Alexandru}
}
@article {1234,
	title = {Open Source in Web-Based Applications},
	journal = {International Journal of Information Technology and Web Engineering},
	volume = {1},
	year = {2006},
	month = {33/2006},
	pages = {81 - 94},
	abstract = {Business and recreational activities on the global communication infrastructure are increasingly based on the use of remote resources and services, and on the interaction between different, remotely located parties. In such a context, Single Sign-On technologies simplify the log-on process allowing automatic access to secondary domains through a unique log-on operation to the primary domain. In this article, we evaluate different Single Sign-On implementations focusing on the central role of Open Source in the development of Web-based systems. We outline requirements for Single Sign-On systems and evaluate four existing Open Source implementations in terms of degree of fulfilment of those requirements. Finally we compare those Open Source systems with respect to some specific Open Source community patterns.},
	issn = {1554-1053},
	doi = {10.4018/jitwe.2006070106},
	author = {Ardagna, Claudio Agostino and Frati, Fulvio and Gabriele Gianini}
}
@conference {700,
	title = {Open Source in Web-based Periodicals},
	booktitle = {OSS2006: Open Source Systems (IFIP 2.13)},
	series = {IFIP International Federation for Information Processing },
	volume = {203/2006},
	year = {2006},
	month = {2006///},
	pages = {347 - 348},
	publisher = {Springer},
	organization = {Springer},
	abstract = {In this paper we aim to investigate the role of the media in the diffusion of Open Source, analysing three web-based periodicals from Italy, United Kingdom and USA. The influence of the media in our society is wide and we have to look to that direction if we want to seriously investigate the in-depth causes of the different trends. Nevertheless, our results show a picture that may not be familiar to many researchers of the field.
},
	issn = {978-0-387-34225-2},
	doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/0-387-34226-5_40},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/Open\%20Source\%20in\%20Web-based\%20Periodicals.pdf},
	author = {Baravalle, Andres and Chambers, Sarah}
}
@conference {701,
	title = {Open Source Software Development (OSSD) Based On Software Engineering},
	booktitle = {OSS2006: Open Source Systems (IFIP 2.13)},
	series = {IFIP International Federation for Information Processing },
	volume = {203/2006},
	year = {2006},
	month = {2006///},
	pages = {345 - 346},
	publisher = {Springer},
	organization = {Springer},
	abstract = {With the advent of Open Source Software (OSS) at the end of last century, many proponents believe that OSS is a new software development process and some even advocate OSS as a revolution for software engineering. The Cathedral and the Bazaar is a typical metaphor of the software development methodologies for the Closed Source Software (CSS) and the OSS. By comparing the phased (namely, requirement analysis, document design and system design, coding, testing and maintenance) software development methodology proposed by Software Engineering (SE), and by studying the management tools provided by SourceForge.net, we believe OSS development method not only follows the phased software development process, but also in return enriches the theory of SE.
},
	issn = {978-0-387-34225-2},
	doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/0-387-34226-5_39},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/Open\%20Source\%20Software\%20Development\%20\%28OSSD\%29.pdf},
	author = {Zhu, Dengya and Potdar, Vidyasagar and Chang, Elizabeth}
}
@conference {814,
	title = {Open Source Technical Support: A Look at Peer Help-Giving},
	booktitle = {39th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS{\textquoteright}06)Proceedings of the 39th Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS{\textquoteright}06)},
	volume = {6},
	year = {2006},
	pages = {118c},
	publisher = {IEEE},
	organization = {IEEE},
	address = {Kauia, HI, USA},
	abstract = {We explore online technical support of open source software by a study of postings to discussion boards. Our results indicate that there are several types of detail that are required by the help-givers to be able to diagnose and remediate help-seekers{\textquoteright} difficulties. As a result help interactions may iterate somewhat inefficiently. These findings are compared with studies of telephone technical help lines for commercial software, and library reference interviews. By considering certain rather problematic interactions we can identify ways to improve the process.},
	doi = {10.1109/HICSS.2006.370},
	author = {Singh, V and Twidale, M.B and Rathi, D.}
}
@unpublished {flosswp346,
	title = {Open Source \& The Irish Software Industry?},
	year = {2006},
	month = {September},
	abstract = {The open source software movement is a global phenomenon that is having a significant impact on the global software industry. It is changing the way in which software companies and people view the software development process. It is changing the way in which software companies capture value. It is commoditizing segments of the software market and is creating new business models and new ways of capturing value. It is lauded by some and vilified by others. It is often painted in a biblical light ??? David taking on Goliath. Yet, many of the Goliaths??? are also benefiting from this movement. This dissertation explores this - How can companies manage the impacts of the open source software movement to their advantage? This research examines the phenomenon in the context of the Irish Industry. Through a review of the existing literature this dissertation develops and exploratory framework for investigating different factors that might be influential in looking at how Indigenous Irish Software firms might manage the impacts of open source software movement. It weaves facets of different research areas together to produce this framework. The framework is then tested using several techniques including a qualitative survey. The dissertation includes several sections that apply the framework in order to analyze and develop profiles of several different firms. These profiles are then used to look at some of the different strategies and tactics available to firms. In many cases, examples are drawn from the global software industry to illustrate these approaches. The research concludes that there are factors that influence how a firm can manage the impact of the open source movement. It also builds on the initial framework to offer a more complete approach to understanding the factors that change the way in which firms manage the impacts of the open source software movement.},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/ReducedSizeThesis.pdf},
	author = {Ed Sherwood-Smith}
}
@article {2006,
	title = {Opportunities and Challenges Applying Functional Data Analysis to the Study of Open Source Software Evolution},
	journal = {Statistical Science},
	volume = {21},
	number = {2},
	year = {2006},
	note = {"As part of a larger project, data were collected on 105 OSS	projects hosted online at Sourceforge (sf.net)." "...we limited our data collection to projects that use only the Java programming language and were listed in the Internet and System Networking domains." "... only including these projects that use an OSI approved license..." "had to have posted at least one file on the Sourceforge site as of the time of our initial project selection Fall 2002" "Data were collected on the published release history of each project thatmet the screening criteria. Each release of each project was
analyzed to calculate CplXLCoh. The size of each release was measured using a calculation of the number of lines of code (LOC)"},
	pages = {167-178},
	publisher = {Institute of Mathematical Statistics},
	abstract = {This paper explores the application of functional data analysis (FDA) as a means to study the dynamics of software evolution in the open source context. Several challenges in analyzing the data from software projects are discussed, an approach to overcoming those challenges is described, and preliminary results from the analysis of a sample of open source software (OSS) projects are provided. The results demonstrate the utility of FDA for uncovering and categorizing multiple distinct patterns of evolution in the complexity of OSS projects. These results are promising in that they demonstrate some patterns in which the complexity of software decreased as the software grew in size, a particularly novel result. The paper reports preliminary explorations of factors that may be associated with decreasing complexity patterns in these projects. The paper concludes by describing several next steps for this research project as well as some questions for which more sophisticated analytical techniques may be needed.},
	keywords = {complexity, evolution, fda, java, lines of code, loc, release history, scm, size, sourceforge},
	issn = {08834237},
	url = {http://www.jstor.org/stable/27645747},
	author = {Stewart, Katherine J. and Darcy, David P. and Daniel, Sherae L.}
}
@conference {702,
	title = {Organization of Internet Standards},
	booktitle = {OSS2006: Open Source Systems (IFIP 2.13)},
	series = {IFIP International Federation for Information Processing},
	year = {2006},
	pages = {267 - 272},
	publisher = {Springer},
	organization = {Springer},
	abstract = {In this study we look at a body of standards documents in RFCs(Request For Comments) of IETF (Internet Engineering Task Force). The cross references between these documents form a network. Approaches from social network analysis are deployed to assess centrality of artifacts in this network and identify cohesive subgroups and levels of cohesion. Our results demonstrate major groups centered around key standard tracks, and application of network metrics reflect different levels of cohesion for these groups. As application of these techniques in such domains is unusual, possible uses in open source projects for strategizing are discussed.
},
	doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/0-387-34226-5_27},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/Organization\%20of\%20Internet\%20Standards.pdf},
	author = {Gen{\c c}er, Mehmet and Oba, Beyza and {\"O}zel, B{\"u}lent and Tunal{\i}o{\u g}lu, V.}
}
@conference {712,
	title = {The Organizational Adoption of Open Source Server Software by Belgian Organizations},
	booktitle = {OSS2006: Open Source Systems (IFIP 2.13)},
	series = {IFIP International Federation for Information Processing},
	year = {2006},
	pages = {111 - 122},
	publisher = {Springer},
	organization = {Springer},
	abstract = {This study reports on five case studies in Belgian organizations that currently use open source server software. Respondents were asked about their motivation to use open source server software. Our results indicate that the lower cost, high reliability and availability of external support are the prime reasons why organizations use open source software. The often claimed advantage of open source software of having access to the source code was found relevant only for those organizations who perform development based on open source software. Some factors that were found relevant in previous studies (such as the support of standards) were however deemed less important by the organizations in our sample.
},
	doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/0-387-34226-5_11},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/The\%20Organizational\%20Adoption\%20of\%20OSS\%20Server.pdf},
	author = {Ven, Kris and Verelst, Jan}
}
@inbook {anderson2005open,
	title = {Open and Closed Systems are Equivalent (that is, in an ideal world)},
	booktitle = {Perspectives on free and open source software},
	year = {2005},
	pages = {127-142},
	publisher = {MIT Press},
	organization = {MIT Press},
	abstract = {...In May 2002, I proved a controversial theorem [8]: that, under the standard assumptions of reliability growth theory, it does not matter whether the system is open or closed. Opening a system enables the attacker to discover vulnerabilities more quickly, but it helps the defenders exactly as much.
This caused consternation in some circles, as it was interpreted as a general claim that open systems are no better than closed ones. But that is not what the theorem implies. Most real systems will deviate in important ways from the assumptions of the standard reliability growth model, and it will often be the case that open systems (or closed systems) will be better in some particular application. My theorem lets people concentrate on the differences between open and closed systems that matter in a particular case.},
	keywords = {security},
	isbn = {9780262062466},
	url = {http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~rja14/Papers/toulousebook.pdf},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/toulousebook.pdf},
	author = {Anderson, Ross}
}
@article {flosswp237,
	title = {Open and Collaborative Biomedical Research: Theory and Evidence},
	year = {2005},
	month = {January},
	abstract = {Although a few commentators have discussed briefly the application of open source-type principles to biomedical research, they have not analyzed carefully how the model is actually being used. In this paper, I draw upon an ongoing, multi-year empirical inquiry into the role of intellectual property in computational biology and associated efforts to evaluate the extent to which the open and collaborative research model may promote socially desirable biomedical innovation ? that is, innovation that produces marginal health benefits in excess of its marginal costs.},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/rai.pdf},
	author = {Arti Rai}
}
@article {flosswp217,
	title = {Open Beyond Software},
	year = {2005},
	month = {January},
	abstract = {The "community-based" model has generated many of the innovations we use on a daily basis. The social structure created by this model has cultivated many entrepreneurial ventures and even seeded new industries and product categories. In this paper, I discuss three elements of this model and present four exemplars of the model that span fields and centuries. I conclude by reframing our view of the innovation process as driven by the activities of firms and research institutions and discussing implications for firms and policy.},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/shah4.pdf},
	author = {Sonali Shah}
}
@conference {755,
	title = {Open Source, a development option},
	booktitle = {OSS2005: Open Source Systems },
	year = {2005},
	pages = {228-230},
	abstract = {The Open Source (OS) movement is one of the most amazing revolutions in last decades. It is probably the most successful collaborative project in history. Its philosophy: learn, innovate and share, has created an immense knowledge base which has been opened to everyone. It brings technology to everybody and empowers people, communities, governments and companies. The purpose of this paper is to show how OS solutions, methods and communities can support a number of key areas for a nation{\textquoteright}s development, at the same time that generates its own infrastructure which not only supports development but also has the potential to become a main business activity for that nation.},
	url = {http://pascal.case.unibz.it/handle/2038/1261},
	author = {Martinez, Arturo}
}
@conference {754,
	title = {Open Source and Business Model Innovation. The Funambol case},
	booktitle = {OSS2005: Open Source Systems },
	year = {2005},
	pages = {224-227},
	abstract = {A comprehensive theoretical framework about open source business models is still missing, notwithstanding a growing number of contributions. This lack of literature is mainly due to the relative newness of the phenomena. This paper aims at giving a contribution to the ongoing discussion about open source business implications. The research hypothesis is that open source represents a disruptive innovation for the software industry. The purpose is to understand, through case study research, how open source companies can develop successful business models. Funambol provides an interesting example of an optimized business model, able to leverage the open source advantage in an emerging market. The paper is structured in three main parts: the first one aims at outlining the research hypothesis and methodology. The second part identifies the unique competitive factors distinguishing open source business and the main business implications. The final part focuses on the analys...},
	url = {http://pascal.case.unibz.it/handle/2038/967},
	author = {Onetti, Alberto and Capobianco, Fabrizio}
}
@conference {793,
	title = {Open Source and IMS Learning Design: Building the Infrastructure for eLearning},
	booktitle = {OSS2005: Open Source Systems },
	year = {2005},
	pages = {329-333},
	abstract = {The development of open, flexible eLearning specifications has significant implications for and interactions with the FOSS movement. A short overview of eLearning specifications is provided, focusing on the difference between SCORM and Learning Design (LD). The significance of LD for FOSS is examined, and common values identified. The particular contribution made by FOSS to LD infrastructure is discussed, and the importance of reference applications described. An overview is given of the FOSS applications available, divided into design time and run time, with particular reference to LD editors and the CopperCore Learning Design engine.},
	keywords = {eLearning, eLearning specification, FOSS, infrastructure, Learning Design},
	url = {http://pascal.case.unibz.it/handle/2038/1264},
	author = {Griffiths, David and Blat, Josep and Elferink, Ray and Zondergeld, Sara}
}
@unpublished {flosswp223,
	title = {Open Source Biotechnology},
	year = {2005},
	month = {June},
	abstract = {Building on discussions with public and private sector industry participants, funding agencies, leaders of the free and open source software movement and scholars in a range of disciplines, this PhD thesis assesses the desirability and feasibility of extending open source principles to biotechnology research and development. It argues that "open source biotechnology" is both desirable and broadly feasible, and demonstrates that many of the essential elements of an embryonic open source movement are already present in this field.},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/hope.pdf},
	author = {Janet Hope}
}
@unpublished {flosswp205,
	title = {Open Source Community Building},
	year = {2005},
	month = {March},
	abstract = {Building an active and helpful community around an open source project is a complex task for its leaders. Therefore investigations in this work are intended to define the optimum starting position of an open source project and to identify recommendable promoting actions by project leaders to enlarge community size in a healthy way. For this paper eight interviews with committed representatives of successful open source projects have led to over 12 hours of conversation about community building. Analysing the statements of these experienced community members exposed helpful activities that led to the presently prospering communities of their projects. Summarizing the conclusions of this qualitative research a table with conditions for successful open source project initialisation and a subject-level promotion matrix of community building could be created. They include suggestions o?n how to start a new open source project and how to improve and increase the community of an already advanced open source project.},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/sturmer.pdf},
	author = {Matthias St{\"u}rmer}
}
@conference {803,
	title = {Open Source firms: from community to business},
	booktitle = {OSS2005: Open Source Systems },
	year = {2005},
	pages = {362-363},
	abstract = {A large body of literature is now addressing the Open Source (OS) phenomenon. Economic scholars have deeply investigated the incentives of people working within OS community projects; the software production models in absence of explicit hierarchical structures; the successful dissemination of OS programs in environments dominated by proprietary standards; the peculiarities in the management of intellectual property within the OS framework. Theoretical contributions have coupled with the collection of extensive empirical evidence mainly through surveys taken on individual developers. Nowadays a new trend is shaping the OS movement: more and more firms are entering the market by offering software solutions based on the new paradigm (Open Source firms).},
	keywords = {business, COMMUNITY, firms, Open Source firms},
	url = {http://pascal.case.unibz.it/handle/2038/1265},
	author = {Andrea Bonaccorsi and Cristina Rossi}
}
@conference {750,
	title = {Open Source for e-Government Application Integration: a PHP-based solution},
	booktitle = {OSS2005: Open Source Systems },
	year = {2005},
	pages = {204-208},
	abstract = {This paper introduces UniGeINT - University of Genoa Integration Tool -, a framework designed to provide integration between several existing tools, databases and data repositories we used in internal administrative processes, by exploiting OSS benefits in terms of costs reduction and bug reporting. Moreover, it adopts state-of-art solutions in Enterprise Application Integration, by using specific design patterns able to match existing IT marrow. So we required in final product common features unmissable for a large scale corporative environment: reliability and fault tolerance, besides to a complete integration with anything previously developed.},
	url = {http://pascal.case.unibz.it/index.jsp},
	author = {Gammeri, Simone and Di Cerbo, Francesco and Scotto, Marco and Succi, Giancarlo and Vernazza, Tullio}
}
@article {flosswp213,
	title = {Open Source Patenting},
	year = {2005},
	month = {April},
	abstract = {The open source and free software movements have used self-perpetuating copyright licenses to maintain open access to publicly distributed software. This model of licensing has now migrated to the field of biotechnology, where patents rather than copyrights dominate proprietary rights. Consequently, a model for open source patenting or free biotechnology presents a constellation of legal issues not typically found in previous open source licensing. This paper discusses several of these issues, including the nature of the rights transferred, the activities that may trigger the terms of the license, and the legal prohibitions on certain forms of licensing.},
	author = {Sara Boettiger}
}
@conference {734,
	title = {Open Source Software in Public Administration. A real example OSS for egovernment Observatories},
	booktitle = {OSS2005: Open Source Systems },
	year = {2005},
	pages = {119-124},
	abstract = {Open Source Software (OSS) has risen to great prominence. Briefly, OSS programs are programs whose licenses give users the freedom to run the program for any purpose, to study and modify the program, and to redistribute copies of either the original or modified program (without having to pay royalties to previous developers). In the last years the Italian Public Administrations (PA) points out the benefits of using OSS as a valid alternative to closed source software. The goal of this paper is to illustrate the state of the art of OSS in Italian PA and describe two pratical examples of the use of OSS in the e-government area. Those examples are represented by the local e-government observatories developed respectively by Emilia Romagna and Liguria Regions. A real and settled knowledge about current and past egovernment initiatives in Italy can improve the future planning. For these reasons several Italian Regions developed Observatories for e-Government and Informatio...},
	url = {http://pascal.case.unibz.it/handle/2038/1208},
	author = {Davini, Emanuela and Faggioni, Elisabetta and Granatella, Giampiero and Tartari, Dimitri and Scotto, Marco}
}
@conference {758,
	title = {Open Source software, intrinsic motivations and profit-oriented firms. Do not firms practise what they preach?},
	booktitle = {OSS2005: Open Source Systems },
	year = {2005},
	pages = {241-245},
	abstract = {This paper contributes to the literature by
providing empirical evidence on the incentives of firms that
engage in Open Source activities. Data collected by a survey
on 146 Italian companies supplying OS solutions (Open
Source firms) show that (surprisingly) intrinsic, communitybased
incentives do play a role but are not, in general, put into
practise. The discrepancy between attitudes and behaviours is
investigated and firms adopting more consistent behaviours
are singled out. Our results are in line with the literature on
business models of firms entering the Open Source field.},
	author = {Andrea Bonaccorsi and Cristina Rossi}
}
@conference {760,
	title = {Open Source: Toward Innovations through Educational Development in China},
	booktitle = {OSS2005: Open Source Systems },
	year = {2005},
	pages = {254-258},
	abstract = {This paper describes the author{\textquoteright}s personal viewpoints toward open source software, particularly for the educational development in China. The current status of China is presented to explain why open source is critical within the Chinese educational domain. We believe that open source is suitable not only for financial reasons, but also because it will provide an efficient solution for China to establish an innovative environment whilst promoting intellectual capacities. The benefits of using open source are ideal for the current situations in the Chinese educational system. In this paper, one example is given about the promotion activities of the open source software Scilab (SCILAB(c)INRIA-ENPC) in the Chinese educational domain since 2001. Activities demonstrate that open source ideas and practices will have a great impact in China. Lessons and progress are demonstrated from these activities. The final goal of the Chinese educational development is to increase innovati...},
	url = {http://pascal.case.unibz.it/handle/2038/1259},
	author = {Hu, Bao-Gang}
}
@conference {736,
	title = {Open-source software in an occupational health application: the case of Heales Medical Ltd.},
	booktitle = {OSS2005: Open Source Systems },
	year = {2005},
	pages = {130-134},
	abstract = {In this paper, we provide a case study of a small company, Heales Medical Ltd., that has chosen to use opensource software to develop an online integrated patient management system. We use this case study to examine some preconceptions of open-source technology in the light our experiences of open source in the Heales project. We identify costs and cost savings as being the primary business considerations, and identify software purchase and licensing as key advantages for open-source. We then look at development issues including software evaluation, implementation and programming, and identify these as more costly for open-source, in terms of time and effort expended. We also look at issues to do with open source licensing, which our initial investigations suggest is confusing and requires further analysis. Overall, the ability to modify the source code is regarded as a key benefit of open-source software, but in a business environment like Heales, this is of little imp...},
	url = {http://pascal.case.unibz.it/handle/2038/1257},
	author = {Tiangco, Francis and Stockwell, Alison and Sapsford, John and Rainer, Austen and Swanton, Eamonn}
}
@conference {762,
	title = {OSS implementation solutions for Public Administration applications},
	booktitle = {OSS2005: Open Source Systems },
	year = {2005},
	pages = {259-262},
	abstract = {The paper will address the approach used by our company to develop an electronic certified mail solution, called eCertMail, which allows the transmission of documents in electronic form guaranteeing their sending and their reception from a legal point of view, using OS technologies.},
	url = {http://pascal.case.unibz.it/handle/2038/1420},
	author = {Giacalone, Paolo}
}
@conference {767,
	title = {Osservatorio Tecnologico: services for open source software at school},
	booktitle = {OSS2005: Open Source Systems },
	year = {2005},
	pages = {269},
	abstract = {Technology Transfer is a keyword in ICT field. OsservatorioTecnologico, the Italian web based national service for technology transfer from ICT to schools, ever since the beginning indicated the Open Source Software (OSS) as one of the main topics. Several services are provided to schools, for example: dissemination of OSS Best Practices in education, guideline about OSS for public sector, monitoring OSS spreading in schools.},
	url = {http://pascal.case.unibz.it/handle/2038/1421},
	author = {Sissa, Giovanna}
}
@conference {723,
	title = {OSSmole: A collaborative repository for FLOSS research data and analyses},
	booktitle = {OSS2005: Open Source Systems },
	year = {2005},
	pages = {54-60},
	abstract = {This paper introduces a collaborative project, {\textquotedblleft}OSSmole{\textquotedblright}, designed to gather, share and store comparable data and analyses of free and open source software development for academic research. The project draws on the ongoing collection and analysis efforts of many research groups, reducing duplication, and promoting compatibility both across sources of FLOSS data and across research groups and analyses. The paper outlines current difficulties with the current typical quantitative FLOSS research process and uses these to develop requirements and presents the design of the system.},
	url = {http://pascal.case.unibz.it/handle/2038/1422},
	author = {Howison, James and Conklin, Megan and Kevin Crowston}
}
@conference {772,
	title = {OTRS: un sistema a ticket per la gestione dell{\textquoteright}help desk},
	booktitle = {OSS2005: Open Source Systems },
	year = {2005},
	pages = {281},
	abstract = {Descriviamo l{\textquoteright}esperienza di utilizzo di un software a codice sorgente aperto per la gestione a ticket dell{\textquoteright}help desk informatico del D.I.S.I. (Dipartimento di Informatica e Scienze delll{\textquoteright}Informazione) dell{\textquoteright}Universit{\`a} degli Studi di Genova.},
	keywords = {help desk, open source, ticketing system, trouble ticket},
	url = {http://pascal.case.unibz.it/handle/2038/1423},
	author = {Bencetti, Stefano and Verduci, Gianni}
}
@proceedings {1197,
	title = {Open Source and Closed Source Software Development Methodologies},
	year = {2004},
	pages = {105-109},
	abstract = {Open source software development represents a fundamentally new concept in the field of software engineering. Open source development and delivery occurs over the Internet. Developers are not confined to a geographic area. They work voluntarily on a project of their choice. As new requirements emerge, the software is enhanced by the user/developers. In this paper we show a comparative study of open source and closed source software development approaches and present a software life cycle model for open source software development.},
	keywords = {life cycle, lifecycle},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/potdar106-110.pdf},
	author = {Potdar, V. and Chang, E.}
}
@article {flosswp218,
	title = {Open Source en el e-learning: ?Una cuesti?n de mente? - An?lisis del fen?meno del Open source en el e-learning, situaci?n actual y tendencias},
	year = {2004},
	month = {January},
	abstract = {Primeramente vamos a ver ?Qu? es el Open source? ?Cu?les son sus objetivos y sus caracter?sticas fundamentales?. En segundo lugar haremos un recorrido hist?rico de los ?ltimos a?os, identificando los principales desarrollos del Open source y sus tendencias, especialmente en el ?rea de la educaci?n superior. En tercer lugar mostramos el Proyecto Sakai, donde un grupo de Universidades de Primer nivel est?n uniendo fuerzas para integrar y para sincronizar su software educativo en una colecci?n de herramientas de Open source para e-learning. A continuaci?n haremos mencionaremos los principales aplicaciones de OS en general. Seguidamente, he de tratar de poner de relieve los aspectos t?cnicos y psicol?gicos que est?n presentes en el Open Source y sus protagonistas y las razones econ?micas, pol?ticas y culturales que se vinculan o crean un contexto favorable al crecimiento de las soluciones de open source en el mercado y especialmente en mercado del e-learning. Finalmente y como s?ntesis de estas cuestiones describimos el caso concreto de la Universidad de Wisconsin, que actualmente junto a otras instituciones educativas se ha sumado en el proyecto Sakai.},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/biscay.pdf},
	author = {Carlos Biscay}
}
@book {flosswp149,
	title = {Open Source Jarbuch 2004 (in German)},
	year = {2004},
	month = {March},
	abstract = {The "Open Source Jahrbuch 2004" (open source yearbook 2004) is the first publication in German to cover the topic with an interdisciplinary approach. In contains contributions from practitioners as well as from scientists and aims to supply the reader with a comprehensive picture of how rich the open source phenomenon is. Open source means much more than only software. The subtitle of the book, "Zwischen Softwareentwicklung und Gesellschaftsmodell", i.e. "Between Software Development and Social Model", circumscribes the reach of this new way of dealing with information artefacts. The book is directed towards decision-makers from both politics and business as well as to scientists doing reasearch in this field. It delivers first-hand insights as a basis for understanding the potentials and constraints of open source.},
	author = {Robert A Gehring}
}
@unpublished {flosswp168,
	title = {Open source software development put in an impure public goods context},
	year = {2004},
	month = {June},
	abstract = {The open source software development appears to be a problem of pure public goods contribution, but looking more in depth emerge the classic question posed by Lerner and Tirole: "Why should thousands of top-notch programmers contribute freely to the provision of a public good?". So, the aim of this research is to elaborate a model able to cope with the low level of free riding.},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/bertelli.pdf},
	author = {Federico Bertelli}
}
@article {flosswp148,
	title = {Open Source Software within organization - Critical factors for consulting},
	year = {2004},
	month = {February},
	abstract = {The consultation of enterprises and organizations regarding the correct implementation of modern information technology is an important segment on the modern consulting market. The main focus of this work is to conduct the consultation in consideration of the topic ?Introduction of Open Source e-Business Technologies?. Due to limited budget funds more and more enterprises are designing their value chain more cost-effective by using web based systems. Mostly all parts of the value chain can be supported by e-business technologies. To further reduce the costs this e-business technologies should be Open Source.},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/scherler1.pdf},
	author = {Thorsten Scherler}
}
@article {Chen:2004:OCL:990374.990391,
	title = {Open-Source Change Logs},
	journal = {Empirical Softw. Engg.},
	volume = {9},
	year = {2004},
	note = {"We decided to compare actual differences in the source code with entries in the ChangeLog file. We used lxr, the Linux cross-referencing tool..., to determine the precise differences between two successive software versions. We then compared these differences with the records in the ChangeLog file to check the completeness of the ChangeLog file."
},
	month = {September},
	pages = {197{\textendash}210},
	publisher = {Kluwer Academic Publishers},
	address = {Hingham, MA, USA},
	abstract = {A recent editorial in Empirical Software Engineering suggested that open-source software projects offer a great deal of data that can be used for experimentation. These data not only include source code, but also artifacts such as defect reports and update logs. A common type of update log that experimenters may wish to investigate is the ChangeLog, which lists changes and the reasons for which they were made. ChangeLog files are created to support the development of software rather than for the needs of researchers, so questions need to be asked about the limitations of using them to support research. This paper presents evidence that the ChangeLog files provided at three open-source web sites were incomplete. We examined at least three ChangeLog files for each of three different open-source software products, namely, GNUJSP, GCC-g++, and Jikes. We developed a method for counting changes that ensures that, as far as possible, each individual ChangeLog entry is treated as a single change. For each ChangeLog file, we compared the actual changes in the source code to the entries in the ChangeLog file and discovered significant omissions. For example, using our change-counting method, only 35 of the 93 changes in version 1.11 of Jikes appear in the ChangeLog file{\textemdash}that is, over 62\% of the changes were not recorded there. The percentage of omissions we found ranged from 3.7 to 78.6\%. These are significant omissions that should be taken into account when using ChangeLog files for research. Before using ChangeLog files as a basis for research into the development and maintenance of open-source software, experimenters should carefully check for omissions and inaccuracies.},
	keywords = {change log, gcc, GCC-g, GNUJSP, Jikes, log files, Open-source software, source code},
	issn = {1382-3256},
	doi = {10.1023/B:EMSE.0000027779.70556.d0},
	url = {http://portal.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=990374.990391},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/chen.pdf},
	author = {Chen, Kai and Schach, Stephen R. and Yu, Liguo and Offutt, Jeff and Heller, Gillian Z.}
}
@proceedings {1193,
	title = {Organizational Structure of {\textquotedblleft}User Collaboration Community{\textquotedblright}: Insights from the Case of an Open Source Software Project},
	year = {2004},
	pages = {58-64},
	abstract = {Current literatures on organization innovation do not investigate the innovation model which is composed of "network between individuals". Therefore, this study proposes the concept of the "User Collaboration Community", tries to understand this new phenomenon by conducting OSS project is the subject of this analysis, borrows the observation variables and propositions adopted by Mintzberg on structures of the innovative organization. This study further infers the conceptual framework and a series of hypothesis on the organizational structure of the user collaboration community. We expect that the proposition of this hypothesis will function as a concrete description and presentation of the innovation model of the "User Collaboration Community".},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/lee59-65.pdf},
	author = {Lee, J.F and Chan, T.Y}
}
@proceedings {1200,
	title = {OSS Project Success: From Internal Dynamics to External Impact},
	year = {2004},
	pages = {92-96},
	abstract = {Success in open source software (OSS) development has been viewed in many different ways. This paper examines the relationship between success in terms of the development efforts devoted to an OSS project and success in terms of the acceptance of the software by stakeholders beyond the immediate development group. Research has discussed the importance of communication, norms, and other factors related to the dynamics of work within open source software development groups. The model proposed here suggests a positioning of these internal dynamics in a larger nomological net explaining variation in the success of OSS efforts.},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/stewart93-97.pdf},
	author = {Katherine Stewart}
}
@article {flosswp130,
	title = {Open Source as a Complex Adaptive System - Published in Emergence 5 (3)},
	year = {2003},
	month = {November},
	abstract = {The Open Source community and its activities can be considered to have the characteristics of a system. The Open Source system is distinctive because it is neither controlled by a central authority that defines strategy and organization nor totally chaotic. It can be placed at a middle position between a planned system and a chaotic one. In this sort of position there are non-formal rules which allow the system to produce significant results. The Complex Adaptive System theory can be used to better understand and analyze the Open Source system. This work presents a description of the main characteristics of the functioning of the Open Source community regarding its organizational structure and development process. The concept of complex adaptive system is then introduced and its functioning mechanisms briefly described. Finally, we will interpret the characteristics of the Open Source community in the context of complex adaptive systems theory.},
	author = {Moreno Muffatto}
}
@article {flosswp82,
	title = {Open Source as a Signalling Device - An Economic Analysis},
	year = {2003},
	month = {March},
	abstract = {Open source projects produce goods or standards that do not allow for the appropriation of private returns by those who contribute to these projects. In this paper we analyze why programmers will nevertheless invest their time and effort to code open source software. We argue that the particular way in which open source projects are managed and especially how contributions are attributed to individual agents, allows the best programmers to create a signal that more mediocre programmers cannot achieve. Through setting themselves apart they can turn this signal into monetary rewards that correspond to their superior capabilities. With this incentive they will forgo the immediate rewards they could earn in software companies producing proprietary software by restricting the access to the source code of their product. Whenever institutional arrangements are in place that enable the acquisition of such a signal and the subsequent substitution into monetary rewards, the contribution to open source projects and the resulting public good is a feasible outcome that can be explained by standard economic theory.},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/leemoisaweiss.pdf},
	author = {Samuel Lee}
}
@article {flosswp112,
	title = {Open Source: Beyond the Fairytales},
	year = {2003},
	month = {August},
	abstract = {Open source is a software development model that to many is synonymous with a free and free-wheeling operating system juggernaut destined to upend current computer markets. IBM is embracing Linux to unify its hardware product line, and Microsoft is screaming that open source is anti-American and destructive of intellectual property. Analysts and executive have been gathering around open source to find out what it?s all about, and people like Eric Raymond and Linus Torvalds once indistinguishable from society?s stereotype of the elfin programmers working in the dark on the software that powers the digital age have become heroes, spokesmen, and leaders in the new age of anti-monopolistic software. But is this narrow view adequate? Open source, for corporations, has more to do with a particular business strategy than it does with any specific technology. In fact, technology is just another piece of the puzzle for a successful technology company certainly it?s a necessary piece, but often it?s not the distinguishing piece.},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/gabrielgoldman.pdf},
	author = {Richard P Gabriel}
}
@proceedings {1184,
	title = {Is Open Source Essentially an Agile Method?},
	year = {2003},
	pages = {143-147},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/143-147.pdf},
	author = {Warsta, Juhani and Abrahamsson, Pekka}
}
@proceedings {1183,
	title = {Open Source Methodologies and Mission Critical Software Development},
	year = {2003},
	pages = {137-141},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/137-141.pdf},
	author = {Voightman, M.P. and Coleman, C.P.}
}
@article {flosswp179,
	title = {Open Source Software - An Economic Assessment},
	year = {2003},
	month = {December},
	abstract = {This study examines whether or not Open Source Software represents an economically suitable alternative to the proprietary commercial software market in terms of creating value-added and economic efficiency. Whereas no significant differences between both production processes are seen for customized software, the study comes to the conclusion that serious economic problems can occur in the field of packaged software. Starting from a discussion on how licenses like the GPL affect the ability to price software (which is usually below economic production costs), the impact of below cost pricing on the coordination capacity of software markets (customer sovereignty, resource allocation, income distribution, adaptability and innovation) and the sustainability of complementary strategies of Open Source business models (with and without cross subsidization of the non-market OSS-core) are described. Throughout the study, the role of the pricing system within a market economy is stressed considering the specific characteristics of software as an economic good. Aspects other than economic are not taken into account.},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/kalweykoothslangenfurth.pdf},
	author = {Nadine Kalwey}
}
@article {62,
	title = {Open Source Software and the {\textquoteleft}{\textquoteleft}Private-Collective{\textquoteright}{\textquoteright} Innovation Model: Issues for Organization Science},
	journal = {Organization Science},
	volume = {14},
	number = {2},
	year = {2003},
	pages = {208--223},
	publisher = {Tims Institute of Management Science},
	author = {von Hippel, Eric and Georg von Krogh}
}
@article {flosswp119,
	title = {Open Source Software as an organisational Technology},
	year = {2003},
	month = {July},
	abstract = {This paper is still relatively preliminary, yet it provides a decent introduction to open source, as well as including discussion on various economic issues, contained in the following sections: The benefits of Open Source, Possible incentives that encourage contribution, Barriers to widespread implementation of Open Source.},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/barnes.pdf},
	author = {Jonathan Barnes}
}
@article {flosswp88,
	title = {Open Source Software can Improve the Health of the Bank Balance - The Beaumont Hospital Experience},
	year = {2003},
	month = {May},
	abstract = {This study describes the implementation of open source software in a large Irish public sector organization, Beaumont Hospital. The findings reveal a radical shift in open source deployment from invisible horizontal infrastructure systems to highly visible vertical applications. The case study describes the implementation of these systems, the difficulties encountered, and also the benefits in terms of astonishing cost savings of ?13m over 5 years. . Given that Beaumont were already receiving academic pricing discounts for many of their original proprietary closed source applications, the savings for a typical commercial organization could be even higher. The study also identifies the primary drivers in the move to OSS, namely principle, pragmatism and practicality. The study also indicates how a typical company can contribute back to the OSS community in their own unique way, by distributing applications form their own domain of expertise, rather than having to make detailed code contributions to the original code base.},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/fitzgeraldkenny.pdf},
	author = {Fitzgerald, Brian}
}
@unpublished {flosswp212,
	title = {Open Source Software Development},
	year = {2003},
	month = {May},
	abstract = {This paper examines applies basic economic theory to Open Source Software Development. Through examination of rational actor behavior I show why economically motivated individuals and firms choose to develop code that to be given away freely. It also examines the various Open Source licenses, including the two most common, the Free Software Foundation?s General Public License (GPL) and Berkeley Software Distribution (BSD) License. Included are case studies to illustrate the workings of Open Source Software projects and how profit seeking firms have attached themselves to them. These case studies include the Apache Web Server, Mozilla, IBM, Microsoft?s Shared Source Initiative, and Red Hat. The associated business plans are also discussed. An executive summary precedes the paper and a glossary is attached to the end.},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/greenberg.pdf},
	author = {Robert Greenberg}
}
@article {123,
	title = {Open source software development and Lotka{\textquoteright}s Law: Bibliometric patterns in programming},
	journal = {Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology},
	volume = {54},
	number = {2},
	year = {2003},
	note = {"Two lead- ing metadata repositories are the Linux Software Map (LSM) and Sourceforge, both of which were used for this research."
"For this article, we examined data listing the number of registered developers for each software project hosted by Sourceforge."
"The data we obtained from the LSM collection were taken mainly from the Author: field of LSM records. The Author: field in LSM records gives us the ability to track the author of record for a software package. LSM metadata also include a list of maintainers, primary software distribution sites, date of update and other items."
"The data we obtained from Sourceforge consist of a list of developer ID numbers, followed by the number of projects on which the individual is listed as a developer, then the number of projects on which the individual is listed as an administrator. These data were provided for all 33,892 individuals registered to work on projects hosted by Sourceforge in July 2001."},
	pages = {169-178},
	abstract = {This research applies Lotka{\textquoteright}s Law to metadata on open source software development. Lotka{\textquoteright}s Law predicts the proportion of authors at different levels of productivity. Open source software development harnesses the creativity of thousands of programmers worldwide, is important to the progress of the Internet and many other computing environments, and yet has not been widely researched. We examine metadata from the Linux Software Map (LSM), which documents many open source projects, and Sourceforge, one of the largest resources for open source developers. Authoring patterns found are comparable to prior studies of Lotka{\textquoteright}s Law for scientific and scholarly publishing. Lotka{\textquoteright}s Law was found to be effective in understanding software development productivity patterns, and offer promise in predicting aggregate behavior of open source developers.},
	keywords = {developers, linux, linux software map, lsm, sourceforge, team size},
	doi = {10.1002/asi.10177},
	author = {Newby, G. B. and Greenberg, J. and Jones, P.}
}
@article {flosswp71,
	title = {Open Source Software Development: Some Historical Perspectives},
	year = {2003},
	month = {January},
	abstract = {In this paper we suggest that historical studies of technology can help us to account for some, perplexing (at least for traditional economic reasoning) features of open source software development. When looked in historical perspective, open source software seems to be a particular case of what Robert Allen has termed "collective invention". We explore the interpretive value of this historical parallel in detail, comparing open source software with two remarkable episodes of nineteenth century technical advances.},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/nuvolari.pdf},
	author = {Alessandro Nuvolari}
}
@proceedings {95,
	title = {Open source software in the trenches: Lessons from a large-scale OSS implementation},
	year = {2003},
	keywords = {open source},
	author = {Fitzgerald, Brian and Kenny, Tony}
}
@article {flosswp90,
	title = {Open Source vs Closed Source Software: Public Policies in the Software Market},
	year = {2003},
	month = {June},
	abstract = {This paper analyses the impact of public policies supporting open source software (OSS). Users can be divided between those who know about the existence of OSS, the informed adopters, and the uninformed ones; the presence of uniformed users yields to market failures that justify government intervention. We study three policies: i) mandatory adoption, when government forces public agencies, schools and universities to adopt OSS, ii) information campaign, when the government informs the uninformed users about the existence and the characteristics of OSS and, iii) subsidisation, when consumers are payed a subsidy when adopting OSS. We show that the second policy enhances welfare, the third is always welfare decreasing while mandatory adoption can be either good or bad for society depending on the number of informed and uninformed adopters.},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/cominomanenti.pdf},
	author = {Stefano Comino}
}
@proceedings {1166,
	title = {Open-Source Development Processes and Tools},
	year = {2003},
	pages = {15-18},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/15-18.pdf},
	author = {Boldyreff, Cornelia and Lavery, J. and Nutter, David and Rank, Stephen}
}
@article {1116,
	title = {Organizational learning in open-source software projects: an analysis of debugging data},
	journal = {IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management},
	volume = {50},
	year = {2003},
	month = {11/2003},
	pages = {485 - 493},
	abstract = {This paper studies organizational learning effects in open-source programming projects. Working with data from the Apache and Mozilla projects, the study focuses on three aspects of open-source development. The first is the use of the open-source approach as a hedge against system complexity. The second is the adaptive learning mechanisms realized by the debugging process. The last is the learning curve effects of project-specific experience on bug cycle times. The results indicate that while open-source development is subject to positive learning effects, these effects are not universal, with some projects deriving more benefit than others.},
	keywords = {apache, bugs, complexity, mozilla},
	issn = {0018-9391},
	doi = {10.1109/TEM.2003.820136},
	author = {Huntley, C.L.}
}
@conference {Wynn03organizationalstructure,
	title = {Organizational Structure of Open Source Projects: A Life Cycle Approach},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of 7th Annual Conference of the Southern Association for Information Systems},
	year = {2003},
	note = {"The three graphs in Figure 2 below were taken from smoothed download counts for existing open source projects on Sourceforge.net"
"A random sample of 150 open source projects will be taken from data provided by Sourceforge.net. Each project will be evaluated to determine their current life cycle stage (where possible) using download counts. Next, the project admins, developers, and several identifiable users for each evaluated project will be contacted via email to request completing a brief questionnaire to measure the current focus of the project, formal structure, division of labor, leader role, coordination, level of commitment, user success, and developer success. "},
	abstract = {The structure of open source project communities is discussed in relation to the organizational life cycle. In lieu of sales figures, the download counts for each project are used to identify the life cycle stage of a random sample of open source projects. A research model is proposed that attempts to measure the fit between the life cycle stage and the specific organizational characteristics of these projects (focus, division of labor, role of the leader, level of commitment, and coordination/control) as an indicator of the success of a project as measured by the satisfaction and involvement of both developers and users.},
	keywords = {division of labor, downloads, growth, interview, leadership, life cycle, lifecycle, project success, roles, sourceforge, Survey},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/wynn2004.pdf},
	author = {Donald E. Wynn}
}
@article {flosswp92,
	title = {Open Acquisition: Combining Open Source Software Development with System Acquisition},
	year = {2002},
	month = {July},
	abstract = {This study explores and develops concepts leading to the combination of best practices from open source software development (OSSD) projects with emerging capabilities for virtual system acquisition. Virtual system acquisition is an evolving approach to demonstrate significant improvements in reducing the cost and cycle time for acquiring software-intensive systems, while improving their quality. It employs techniques from electronic government applications together with those from OSSD.},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/scacchi2.pdf},
	author = {Walt Scacchi}
}
@article {flosswp91,
	title = {Open EC/B: A Case Study in Electronic Commerce and Open Source Software Development},
	year = {2002},
	month = {June},
	abstract = {This study investigates how to understand and transform an organizational system for internal or external operations using Open Source E-Commerce or E-Business capabilities. The objective is to identify and characterize the organizational resources and development capabilities that lie at the center of the initiative.},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/scacchi1.pdf},
	author = {Walt Scacchi}
}
@article {flosswp42,
	title = {Open Source and the Network Society},
	year = {2002},
	month = {June},
	abstract = {This paper discusses how the open source movement can be regarded as a civil society. Through an analysis and discussion of the recent development in society the context and to a certain extent the prerequisites surrounding the open source movement will be presented. The analysis and discussion of the open source movement will both derive advantage from this basis as well as throw new light back on the recent development in society.},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/pedersen.pdf},
	author = {Soren Thing Pedersen}
}
@article {hansen2002open,
	title = {The Open Source approach{\textemdash}opportunities and limitations with respect to security and privacy},
	journal = {Computers \& Security},
	volume = {21},
	number = {5},
	year = {2002},
	pages = {461{\textendash}471},
	publisher = {Elsevier},
	abstract = {Today{\textquoteright}s software often does not even fulfil basic security or privacy requirements. Some people regard the open source paradigm as the solution to this problem. First, we carefully explain the security and privacy aspects of open source, which in particular offer the possibility for a dramatic increase in trustworthiness for and autonomy of the user. We show which expectations for an improvement of the software trustworthiness dilemma are realistic. Finally, we describe measures necessary for developing secure and trustworthy open source systems.},
	keywords = {security},
	url = {https://dud.inf.tu-dresden.de/literatur/HaKP_02OpenSource_0214.doc},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/HaKP_02OpenSource_0214.doc},
	author = {Hansen, Marit and K{\"o}hntopp, Kristian and Pfitzmann, Andreas}
}
@article {81,
	title = {Open source, open standards},
	journal = {Information Technology and Libraries},
	volume = {21},
	number = {1},
	year = {2002},
	note = {Times Cited: 1},
	pages = {33-36},
	abstract = {When people speak of open source software they arc referring to computer code-programs that run. But code is only the final step in the information technology process. Prior to Writing code the information technology professional must do analysis to determine the nature of the problem to be solved and the best way to solve it. When software projects fail, the failure is more often than not attributable to shortcomings in the planning and analysis phase rather than in the coding itself. Open source software provides sonic particular challenges for planning since the code itself will be worked on by different programmers and will evolve over time. The success of all open source project will clearly depend on the clarity of the shared vision of the goals of the software and some strong definitions of basic fuctions and how they will work. This all-important work of defining often takes place through standards and the development of standards that everyone can use has become a movement in itself. open standards.},
	author = {Coyle, K.}
}
@conference {1164,
	title = {The Open Source rEvolution - A Pragmatic Approach to Making the Best of It},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2nd ICSE Workshop on Open Source},
	year = {2002},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/WhiteGoldbergScharich.pdf},
	author = {White, T. and Goldberg, J. and Scharich, L.}
}
@unpublished {flosswp39,
	title = {Open Source Software and Software Patents: Finding the Common Ground in a Patent Pool},
	year = {2002},
	month = {May},
	abstract = {Software patents threaten the future of the OSS community, especially with the increased importance of software standards and the change in attitude in the organizations forming these standards. The OSS community does not exercise much influence over the policymakers who have legitimized software patents because of differences between the two groups{\textquoteright} motivations. There are many possible actions the OSS community could take, but an OSS patent pool is the best way for the OSS community to leverage both the patent system and the OSS culture to help protect the future of OSS.},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/morgan.pdf},
	author = {Jason V. Morgan}
}
@article {flosswp32,
	title = {Open Source Software and the Economics of Organization},
	year = {2002},
	month = {June},
	abstract = {Open source software development has organizational characteristics that are out of the ordinary. The study suggests that this organization of work can be explained by combining the organizational theory of professions with the one of clubs. The claim is in fact that these organizations are at least as good as firms in sharing rich types of information in real time because (a) constituents have symmetry of absorptive capacity, and (b) software itself is a capital structure embodying knowledge.},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/garzarelli.pdf},
	author = {Giampaolo Garzarelli}
}
@article {flosswp68,
	title = {Open Source Software Communities and Industrial Districts: A Useful Comparison?},
	year = {2002},
	month = {February},
	abstract = {Aim of this paper is to add a new and complementary perspective on the existing economic analysis of open-source software by comparing the structure and evolution of open-source software communities and of industrial districts, a peculiar organisational form of production based on a large number of interacting small and medium sized enterprises. The comparison between open-source software communities and industrial districts, in spite of some major differences allows the recognition of the role played by agglomeration economies, an explicit analysis of the incentives structure - governing the private provision of complex public goods-, and an in depth study of the governance structure and evolution of these phenomena. The paper presents some simple simulations which show the dependence of the governance structure{\textquoteright}s evolution on transaction costs dynamics.},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/maggioni.pdf},
	author = {Mario Maggioni}
}
@conference {1162,
	title = {Is Open Source Software Development Faster, Better, and Cheaper than Software Engineering?},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2nd ICSE Workshop on Open Source},
	year = {2002},
	abstract = {In this paper, I draw attention to the question of determining how open source software development may represent a significant alternative to modern software engineering techniques for developing large-scale software systems. OSSD often entails shorter time frames, producing higher quality systems, and incurring lower costs than may be realized through developing systems according SE techniques. Understanding why and how this may arise is the focus of this paper.},
	keywords = {argouml, quality, tigris},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/Scacchi_0.pdf},
	author = {Walt Scacchi}
}
@inbook {Madey_Freeh_Tynan_2002,
	title = {The open source software development phenomenon: An analysis based on social network theory},
	booktitle = {Proceedings of the Eighth Americas Conference on Information Systems},
	year = {2002},
	pages = {1806{\textendash}1813},
	abstract = {The OSS movement is a phenomenon that challenges many traditional theories in economics, software engineering, business strategy, and IT management. Thousands of software programmers are spending tremendous amounts of time and effort writing and debugging software, most often with no direct monetary compensation. The programs, some of which are extremely large and complex, are written without the benefit of traditional project management, change tracking, or error checking techniques. Since the programmers are working outside of a traditional organizational reward structure, accountability is an issue as well. A significant portion of internet e-commerce runs on OSS, and thus many firms have little choice but to trust mission-critical e-commerce systems to run on such software, requiring IT management to deal with new types of socio-technical problems. A better understanding of how the OSS community functions may help IT planners make more informed decisions and develop more effective strategies for using OSS software. We hypothesize that open source software development can be modeled as self-organizing, collaboration, social networks. We analyze structural data on over 39,000 open source projects hosted at SourceForge.net involving over 33,000 developers. We define two software developers to be connected part of a collaboration social network if they are members of the same project, or are connected by a chain of connected developers. Project sizes, developer project participation, and clusters of connected developers are analyzed. We find evidence to support our hypothesis, primarily in the presence of power-law relationships on project sizes (number of developers per project), project membership (number of projects joined by a developer), and cluster sizes. Potential implications for IT researchers, IT managers, and governmental policy makers are discussed.},
	keywords = {developers, social network analysis, social networks, sourceforge},
	url = {http://ais.bepress.com/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1606\&context=amcis2002},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/MadeyFreehAmcis2002.pdf},
	author = {Madey, G. and Freeh, V and Tynan, R}
}
@article {flosswp67,
	title = {Open Source Software Production: Climbing on the Shoulders of Giants},
	year = {2002},
	month = {November},
	abstract = {Open source software production is a successful new production model in which a public good is voluntarily provided. We argue that by studying this new production model we gain valuable insight for organization theory beyond software production. Under specific conditions this model can be generalized, contingent on the interplay of motivational, situational, and institutional factors. It is argued that a production model building on the shoulders of predecessors and peers depends on a well balanced portfolio of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation, low costs for contributors and governance mechanisms that do not crowd out intrinsic motivation.},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/osterlohrotakuster.pdf},
	author = {Margit Osterloh and Sandra Rota}
}
@article {flosswp59,
	title = {Open Source Software Projects as Virtual Organizations: Competency Rallying for Software Development},
	journal = {IEE Proceedings Software},
	volume = {149},
	number = {1},
	year = {2002},
	pages = {3{\textendash}17},
	abstract = {The contribution of this paper is the identification and testing of factors important for the success of Open Source Software (OSS) projects. We present an analysis of OSS communities as virtual organizations and apply Katzy and Crowston{\textquoteright}s (2000) competency rallying (CR) theory to the case of OSS development projects. CR theory suggests that project participants must develop necessary competencies, identify and understand market opportunities, marshal competencies to meet the opportunity and manage a short-term cooperative process. Using data collected from 7477 OSS projects hosted by the SourceForge system (http://sourceforge.net/), we formulate and test a set of specific hypotheses derived from CR theory.},
	keywords = {competencies, competency rallying, coordination, project success, sourceforge, virtual organizations},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/crowston.pdf},
	author = {Kevin Crowston and Barbara Scozzi}
}
@article {flosswp50,
	title = {Open standard: role of externalities and impact on the industry structure},
	year = {2002},
	month = {July},
	abstract = {Conceding a part of property rights appears counter-intuitive in regards to the Porterian and Resources-Based frameworks. However industrial economics literature and recent examples suggest that this strategy is fruitful to develop network externalities and consequently to impose a standard in network industries. This article explores the role of the sponsor and the impacts of an open property rights strategy on the industry structure. Drawing on the empirical data collected from the U.S. Roleplaying Game industry, our results reveal that: 1) the open approach promoted by a sponsor does not work effectively without network industries specific resources; 2) this strategy induces new entries that benefits to the sponsor; 3) the firms in the industry do not change their technological trajectories except those which are well endowed with resources.},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/lecocqdemil.pdf},
	author = {Xavier Lecocq}
}
@conference {1152,
	title = {Open-Source Artefact Management},
	booktitle = {2nd Workshop on Open Source Software Engineering at ICSE 2002},
	year = {2002},
	abstract = {This paper presents the GENESIS project, which aims to develop an open-source, lightweight, process-aware (and process-neutral) workflow management system. In particular OSCAR, the artefact repository is discussed. The requirements of a system for artefact management and storage are described, and the concept of active artefacts is explained. The software engineering methods which will be used in the project are described, and some examples of the open-source tools which may be used are described.},
	keywords = {artefacts, artifacts, genesis, oscar, workflow},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/BoldyreffNutterRank.pdf},
	author = {Boldyreff, Cornelia and Nutter, David and Rank, Stephen}
}
@article {flosswp22,
	title = {Open-Source vs. Proprietary Software},
	year = {2002},
	month = {January},
	abstract = {The article studies technological competition between open-source and proprietary software using a model from interaction theory. We argue that the organizational structure of open-source software, allowed by openness of source codes and by the subsequent development of dedicated communities, is a key feature which, together with compatibility, can allow open-source software to overcome existing proprietary standards.},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/dalle2.pdf},
	author = {Jean-Michel Dalle and Nicolas Jullien}
}
@article {flosswp79,
	title = {An Overview of the Software Engineering Process and Tools in the Mozilla Project},
	year = {2002},
	month = {February},
	abstract = {The Mozilla Project is an Open Source Software project which is dedicated to development of the Mozilla Web browser and application framework. Possessing one of the largest and most complex communities of developers among Open Source projects, it presents interesting requirements for a software process and the tools to support it. Over the past four years, process and tools have been refined to a point where they are both stable and effective in serving the project?s needs. This paper describes the software engineering aspect of a large Open Source project. It also covers the software engineering tools used in the Mozilla Project, since theMozilla process and tools are intimately related. These tools include Bugzilla, a Web application designed for bug tracking, bug triage, code review and correction; Tinderbox, an automated build and regression testing system; Bonsai, a tool which performs queries to the CVS code repository; and LXR, a hypertext-based source code browser.},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/reismozilla.pdf},
	author = {Christian Robottom Reis}
}
@conference {1151,
	title = {Open Source Development: A suitable Method to introduce a standardized communication protocol?},
	booktitle = {1st Workshop on Open Source Software Engineering at ICSE 2001},
	year = {2001},
	abstract = {Open Source developments like telnet and Apache are very important for an extensive and compatible use of the TCP/IP and the HTTP protocol. Both contain features which rely on a compatible implementation of complex interactions between computers of different platform types. This can be successfully achieved with the help of Open Source.	Reconciliation	of	different interpretations of the standard, clarifications and extensions can be realised by discussion systems	and	some	generally	accepted conciliators of Open Source projects. As long as companies have a commercial interest in selling solutions based on the protocol, it makes economic sense for them to jointly support its common implementation. This paper examines the possibility to use an Open Source reference implementation of the agricultural communication protocols DIN 9684 [1] [2] and ISO 11783 to establish a capable and compatible implementation in agricultural mobile process control and data collection.},
	keywords = {communication protocol, DIN 9684, ISO 11783, open source},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/spangler.pdf},
	author = {Spangler, Achim}
}
@conference {1139,
	title = {Open Source Development: An Arthurian Legend},
	booktitle = {1st Workshop on Open Source Software Engineering at ICSE 2001},
	year = {2001},
	abstract = {OSSD (Open Source Software Development) achieves remarkable success in delivering complex software systems {\textendash} systems which are incredibly reliable and robust {\textendash} in a short amount of time and without even paying anyone! Naturally, in the face of this success, organizations are interested in seeing if the mechanisms behind OSSD success can be migrated into their own practices, hopefully improving their systems and their productivity.
In this paper, we look (lighthearted at first) at the motivations behind those involved in OSSD and describe the problems that need to be overcome if OSSD-type practices can be migrated into traditional organizations.},
	keywords = {commercial software, developers, MOTIVATION},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/cook.pdf},
	author = {Cook, J.}
}
@article {flosswp13,
	title = {Open Source Shows the Way - Innovation By and For Users - No Manufacturer Required},
	year = {2001},
	month = {March},
	abstract = {Open source software projects are complete innovation development and consumption communities run by and for users, no manufacturer required. This essay points out that user innovation communities have existed long before and extend far beyond open source software. The example of user innovation communities as the developers of new sports, sporting techniques, and new sporting equipment is described.},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/evhippel-osuserinnovation.pdf},
	author = {von Hippel, Eric}
}
@conference {1147,
	title = {Open Source Software Developments in XP Style},
	booktitle = {1st Workshop on Open Source Software Engineering at ICSE 2001},
	year = {2001},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/nisinaka.pdf},
	author = {Nishinaka, Y.}
}
@conference {1143,
	title = {Open Source Software: The Other Commercial Software},
	booktitle = {1st Workshop on Open Source Software Engineering at ICSE 2001},
	year = {2001},
	abstract = {Open source software is a source of components from which systems can be built. Components can also be acquired in the marketplace. There are a myriad of issues that affect software that incorporates commercial components. These issues (and others) also affect open source software. In this paper we examine issues that an organization using open source software is likely to face in light of lessons learned from the world of commercial components},
	keywords = {commercial off-the-shelf software, commercial software, COTS software, open source software},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/hissamweinstock.pdf},
	author = {Hissam, S. and Weinstock, C.}
}
@article {912,
	title = {Open Source Standardization: The Rise of Linux in the Network Era},
	journal = {Knowledge, Technology \& Policy},
	volume = {14},
	year = {2001},
	pages = {88-112},
	abstract = {To attract complementary assets, firms that sponsor proprietary de facto compatibility standards must trade off control of the standard against the imperative for adoption. For example, Microsoft and Intel in turn gained pervasive adoption of their technologies by appropriating only a single layer of the standards architecture and encouraging competition in other layers. In reaction to such proprietary strategies, the open source movement relinquished control to maximize adoption. To illustrate this, we examine the rise of the Linux operating system from 1995-2001, particularly the motivations of organizational buyers and suppliers of complementary assets, and Microsoft?s reaction to its success.},
	author = {Joel West and Dedrick, Jason}
}
@article {97,
	title = {Open source standards on software process: A practical application},
	journal = {Ieee Communications Magazine},
	volume = {39},
	number = {4},
	year = {2001},
	note = {Times Cited: 0},
	pages = {116-123},
	abstract = {Standards are generally delivered by means of static documents which are difficult to handle and to learn. Although their source text might have an open access, they do not offer an open source environment which effectively supports their assimilation, comprehension, and use. To achieve this goal, standards regulating the software process should be delivered in different "workable" formats to allow users to immediately start applying them with the support of software tools and methodologies.},
	author = {Freericks, C.}
}
@unpublished {flosswp147,
	title = {Opening The Code: Software Excellence As A Function Of Its Development Environment},
	year = {2001},
	month = {January},
	abstract = {Software is an increasingly important component of the modern world; indeed, software forms the architecture around which today?s digital society is built. Because of the complex interrelationship between computer code, liberty, and the distribution of power in society, the environment in which code is produced makes a tremendous difference in the resulting structure of the world. An "Open" foundation for software development provides a variety of economic and societal benefits, but there are a number of preconditions necessary for its full deployment. One of the primary stumbling blocks is the need for the Open development process to demonstrate its capacity for producing "excellent" software. This thesis tackles that obstacle by first defining excellence in software, and then examining the software ecosystems that surround proprietary and Open Source conceptions of digital property in terms of their incentive structures{\textendash}incentives that either encourage or discourage quality. Herein, this thesis demonstrates that not only can an Open Source development model produce quality software, but it also takes advantage of the complex adaptive systems model of diversity and adaptation to better meet the established criteria of an "ideal" software development system.},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/mclaughlin.pdf},
	author = {David McLaughlin}
}
@article {58,
	title = {Open source movements as a model for organising},
	journal = {European Journal of Information Systems},
	volume = {9},
	year = {2000},
	pages = {208--216},
	abstract = {Open source software such as the operating system Linux has in a few years created much attention as an alternative way to develop and distribute software. Open source is to let anyone have access to the source code, so that they can modify it. Open source could be seen as a movement, where communities of highly skilled programmers collectively develop software, often of a quality that outperforms commercial proprietary software. These movements are based on virtual networking on Internet and the web. They are loosely coupled communities kept together by strong common values related to hacker culture. Work seems to be totally distributed, delegated and loosely coupled. The highly skilled members contribute by pride to the collective effort of free software development. In this paper the open source phenomena is investigated from different perspectives. In this paper it is claimed that the open source movements is one key to the understanding of future forms of organizations, knowledge work and business.},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/20000077.pdf},
	author = {Ljungberg, J.}
}
@article {flosswp7,
	title = {Open Source Software As Consumer Integration Into Production},
	year = {2000},
	month = {October},
	abstract = {The author proposes a model of consumer integration into production as means of understanding the Open Source software phenomenon.},
	attachments = {https://flosshub.org/sites/flosshub.org/files/Jenny\%2520Kuan\%2520-\%2520Open\%2520Source\%2520Software\%2520As\%2520Integration\%2520into\%2520Production.pdf},
	author = {Jenny Kuan}
}
